从可持续发展的视角看西部大开发

从可持续发展的视角出发,探讨西部开发中学术科研中心对经济发展的支撑作用和东部对西部自然资源保护的支持.     

工作不安全感与情绪耗竭:情绪劳动的中介作用

工作不安全感作为组织变革过程中产生的重要压力源,不仅引发员工对工作持续性和稳定性的担忧,同时导致员工诸多心理健康问题.研究工作不安全感对员工工作态度和行为的作用机制,基于资源保存理论和压力源-压力框架,构建情绪劳动为中介的工作不安全感对情绪耗竭影响和作用机制模型,从资源角度阐述认知性工作不安全感和情感性工作不安全感如何通过情绪劳动引发情绪耗竭,运用层次回归分析、相关分析等统计方法对10家企业的197份样本数据进行模型检验.研究结果表明,认知性工作不安全感和情感性工作不安全感对情绪耗竭均有正向影响,工作不安全感通过表层扮演和深层扮演两种情绪劳动的方式消耗心理努力以导致情绪耗竭.因此,组织不仅可以通过调岗等人事管理方法增加个人组织匹配,还可以通过心理辅导等培训活动改变员工的工作态度,采取积极的方式缓解工作不安全感对情绪耗竭的负面影响.     

消费者对不同排量汽车购买行为的演化研究

汽车行业是我国能源消耗和污染物排放"大户",是节能减排工作的重点。政府出台了针对性的汽车消费政策以鼓励和引导汽车消费者购买行为。本文根据我国汽车消费市场消费者对不同排量汽车购买行为及政府消费政策之间的博弈情况,构建消费者和政府的演化博弈模型,分析混合均匀情形下的消费者群体考虑单一汽车品牌情况下选取不同排量汽车行为的演化问题,研究表明:在油价、消费效用、消费政策及购车成本的共同作用下,消费者购买行为存在向小排量演化、随机演化和向大排量演化三种具体情况。以大众迈腾汽车为案例分析了目前消费者购买行为的演化特征,当汽油价格较低所带来的运营变动成本不足以成为阻碍汽车消费者购买大排量汽车行为因素,或者消费效用之差较高的情况下,政府要加大实施消费政策力度以引导消费者购买小排量汽车;当汽油价格位于较高水平下,政府可以逐步放松实施与汽车排量相关的消费政策。为政府科学合理引导汽车消费者节能购车行为提供理论借鉴。     

浅论鸭河口水库上游生态环境建设

针对鸭河口水库上游水保现状提出工程，生物措施，农业耕作措施，经营，保障措施为一体的综合防治体系。     

Framed Encounters with Conservation and Mining Development: Indigenous Peoples' use of Strategic Framing in Suriname

While studies on the use of framing as a strategy for social movements have proliferated in the past 20 years, little is still known about how and why the frames vary across social movement actors and/or events. This article addresses this knowledge lacuna by comparing and contrasting Indigenous peoples' use of rights and identity frames in response to conservation and development events in Suriname. The variation in frames, and possible reasons for these variations, was compared across actors and events by considering (1) alignments of the global Indigenous rights movement with different movements and organizations over time, and (2) participants' level of involvement with national and global Indigenous rights movements. Evidence of strategic frame variation in this study demonstrated Indigenous peoples' ability to creatively and strategically pursue their interests by asserting their collective identity and rights in encounters with conservation and development projects. They accomplished this through the presentation of frames that called into question the logic and fairness of protected areas, their innate capacity to protect the environment, as well as their rights to land, and economic interests in mining. The greater use of rights frames by participants reflected networks generated with human rights organizations. Frame inconsistencies were apparent across conservation and development events that indicated uneven levels of involvement with Indigenous rights movements, which may yet produce unintended consequences for Indigenous communities. However, this case could also signal new possibilities for Indigenous peoples in terms of greater maneuverability in being able to assert their rights and negotiate their identities in relation to conservation and development, and ultimately to gain more power and autonomy over their own affairs.     

城市人口生态文明建设及其评价——以中国24城市为例

人口生态文明是生态文明的核心内容。文章通过探讨人口生态文明的内涵及其影响因素,建立了包括人口发展、生产方式、生活方式、消费方式和生态价值观的城市人口生态文明评价指标体系,并运用基于主成分分析法的综合评价模型,以中国24城市为例进行了评价分析,通过聚类研究,指出了这些城市人口生态文明建设中存在的不足,并提出了改进建议。     

低碳科技公共服务平台的功能与机制研究

从低碳经济和节能减排的视角考察,加强低碳科技创新与科技公共服务是实现发展方式转变和促进节能减排的关键与前提。低碳科技公共服务平台是促进低碳科技创新而构建的科技基础条件和服务平台。低碳科技公共服务平台的功能模型主要包括功能流程、功能类型、四维主体等。实现低碳科技公共服务平台的基本功能,需要构建合作创新、政策支持、联席协商、要素流动等实现机制。     

Exploring the role of gain versus loss framing and point of reference in messages to reduce human–bear conflicts

As a fundamental social process, communication can help natural resource managers prevent or manage many human–wildlife conflicts, but research on how to present effectively information that contributes to the reduction of human–wildlife conflicts is scant. We examined the effectiveness of point-of-reference and gain-versus-loss framing in heightening intentions to prevent human–black bear conflicts. We randomly assigned 811 participants to one of six message conditions as part of a 3 (point of reference: family versus community versus bear) × 2 (message framing: gain versus loss) between-subjects factorial design or a control condition. The findings show that a match between loss framing and low-construal referencing point (e.g., family-referencing), and a congruency between gain framing and high-construal referencing point (e.g., bear-referencing) lead to higher risk perception and behavioral intentions. This study provides guidance for continuing research and design of risk communication in the context of human–bear conflicts.     

我国旅游景区餐饮低碳化模式研究

2009年国务院《关于加快发展旅游业的意见》明确支持景区景点和旅游企业节能减排。低碳餐饮是景区低碳化特征的重要体现,应从餐饮点空间布局、餐饮设施建设、餐厅食材采购、餐食烹饪方法、游客用餐方式、餐厨垃圾处理等六个方面构建旅游景区的低碳化餐饮模式。景区餐饮低碳化有助于推动低碳景区的建设和发展,也有利于景区的生态环境保护和可持续发展。     

Reducing Electricity Use on Campus: The Use of Prompts,Feedback, and Goal Setting to Decrease Excessive Classroom Lighting

Energy conservation is an important factor in both sustainability programs and operating costs faced by organizations. The current study used visual prompts, performance feedback, and goals setting to reduce unnecessary classroom lighting on a college campus. A package intervention was applied weekly over a semester using a multiple baseline design across three units, with one unit serving as a baseline-only control. Signs were hung in classrooms and updated weekly. The signs asked users to conserve energy by turning off the lights when the room is not in use, and indicated progress toward a goal for the current room as well as the building overall. The combined treatment successfully reduced unnecessary classroom lighting and generated interest in campus sustainability programs.