中国对外文化传播的思考

在对外文化传播当中,要想使国外公众真正认同中国文化,就必须使其深入了解中国的思想文化,而不是仅仅停留在物质和艺术文化层面。因此,必须打造以思想文化为主体,以物质文化和艺术文化为两翼的对外传播体系。同时,国外公众由中国文化引发的对中国国家形象的认识和评价,归根结底是由中国现代文化决定的。因此,基于中国现代文化缺乏特色、创新乏力的现实,必须在传统文化的基础上大力建设和传播有中国特色的现代文化。     

Trend effects on perceived avalanche hazard

Hazard-level forecasts constitute an important risk mitigation tool to reduce loss of economic values and human life. Avalanche forecasts represent an example of this. As for many other domains, avalanche risk is communicated using a color-coded, categorical risk scale aimed at informing the public about past, current, and future risk. We report the results from three experiments in which we tested if an irrelevant past trend in forecasted avalanche danger affects perceptions of current and future avalanche risk. Our sample consisted of individuals from three different populations targeted by national avalanche warning services. All three experiments showed that the perception of avalanche risk is influenced by the trend, but that the effect is opposite for perceptions of current and expectations of future avalanche risk. While future avalanche risk is extrapolated in the same direction as the change from the previous day, we found that perceived current risk appears to be based on an average of past and current risk. These effects diminish when we provide participants with a scale indicating the exact level of avalanche danger. For most of our measurement instruments, however, the effects remain significant. These results imply that targeted populations may consider historic information more than was intended by the sender. As such, our results have implications for both avalanche warning services and risk communication in general.     

Communicating uncertainty in national security intelligence: Expert and nonexpert interpretations of and preferences for verbal and numeric formats

Organizations in several domains including national security intelligence communicate judgments under uncertainty using verbal probabilities (e.g., likely) instead of numeric probabilities (e.g., 75% chance), despite research indicating that the former have variable meanings across individuals. In the intelligence domain, uncertainty is also communicated using terms such as low, moderate, or high to describe the analyst's confidence level. However, little research has examined how intelligence professionals interpret these terms and whether they prefer them to numeric uncertainty quantifiers. In two experiments (N = 481 and 624, respectively), uncertainty communication preferences of expert (n = 41 intelligence analysts in Experiment 1) and nonexpert intelligence consumers were elicited. We examined which format participants judged to be more informative and simpler to process. We further tested whether participants treated verbal probability and confidence terms as independent constructs and whether participants provided coherent numeric probability translations of verbal probabilities. Results showed that although most nonexperts favored the numeric format, experts were about equally split, and most participants in both samples regarded the numeric format as more informative. Experts and nonexperts consistently conflated probability and confidence. For instance, confidence intervals inferred from verbal confidence terms had a greater effect on the location of the estimate than the width of the estimate, contrary to normative expectation. Approximately one-fourth of experts and over one-half of nonexperts provided incoherent numeric probability translations for the terms likely and unlikely when the elicitation of best estimates and lower and upper bounds were briefly spaced by intervening tasks.     

绝地天通与中国政教结构的开端

五帝时代之所以作为中国史的开端,乃是基于如下的意识:作为中国传统的天下政教形态在五帝时代业已开端.它体现在帝与群神的二层级的政治构造上面;这一构造对应于三代王制中的天子与诸侯的共治结构;而在天下型国家成立之后,这一构造又变易为圣与王、君子与君主的共治结构,构成了中国两千年传统政教形态的典范.帝与群神的分工,导致了对民的统治被架置在文化上而不是狭义的政治上,初步展现了中国传统政教将政治镶嵌在文化中的基本精神.     

屈原作品韩国传播考

屈原作品韩国传播信源有《昭明文选》、《史记》和楚地移民。屈原作品在韩国传播的主要途径有两条：一是文人雅好,师法屈骚;二是机构研究,教育倡导。传播的主要方式有三：一是诵读、讲解（口头传播）;二是绍骚、拟作（文字传播）;三是翻译、评论（文字传播）。屈原作品韩国传播版本有：韩国影印北宋《奎章阁所藏六臣注文选》刊本,朱熹《楚辞集注》李齐贤家藏本,等：     

雅斯贝尔斯的交往理论探析

交往理论是雅斯贝尔斯哲学的一个重要组成部分．它不仅将交往视为人之存在的必要条件和衡量真理的标准,而且还将其视为通向大同之路的指路明灯。交往与真理的关系、交往的形式、交往的条件及阻碍交往之主要因素构成了雅斯贝尔斯交往理论的整体框架。     

发掘戏剧教学资源 培养口语交际能力

口语交际能力作为21世纪人才必备的素质之一得到了社会各界的广泛关注,新课程改革中也明确提出要重视学生的口语交际能力的培养,如何帮助学生提高口语交际能力成为教育亟待解决的问题。本文力求以戏剧教学为突破口寻求戏剧教学与培养学生口语交际能力的契合点,使这一目标得到落实。     

跨文化交际中零翻译运用初探

零翻译的出现将译者的不同语言文化平等融合在一起,拓宽了翻译理论研究范围,同时帮助更好的进行跨文化交际。     

浅析非语言交际能力培养的重要性——以商务英语谈判课程为例

本文以商务英语谈判课程为例,探讨非语言交际能力在商务交际中的重要性。