Costs and Rewards of Children: The Effects of Becoming a Parent on Adults' Lives

How do new parents differ from their childless counterparts in social and psychological resources, daily strains, and psychological well‐being? Using a nationally representative panel of 1,933 adults who were childless at the first interview, we compare 6 indicators of adults' lives for those who became parents and those remaining childless several years later, controlling for earlier states. Becoming a parent is both detrimental and rewarding. With the exception of social integration, which is greater for all groups of new parents compared with their childless counterparts, the effects of parental status on adults' lives vary markedly by gender and marital status. Unmarried parents report lower self‐efficacy and higher depression than their childless counterparts. Married mothers' lives are marked by more housework and more marital conflict but less depression than their childless counterparts. Parental status has little influence on the lives of married men.     

贫困地区农村妇女地位的现状、成因与对策--对湖南贫困地区农村妇女地位的调查

妇女地位的高低是衡量社会文明程度的标准之一。当前 ,我国贫困地区的农村妇女地位还比较低下 ,其制约因素是多方面的 ,应采取有效措施来提高其地位 ,以适应市场经济发展的需要。     

福州市社区空巢老年人健康状况调查

目的了解空巢老年人的健康现状及其影响因素,为老龄工作提供科学依据。方法2002年4~5月进行入户调查,采用分层整群抽取福州市鼓楼、台江、仓山三个区60岁及以上的社区老年人,共得到有效样本1767例,其中空巢老人696名。空巢老人躯体健康、生活自理能力(ADL)、经济状况、精神健康、社会健康5个维度的健康状况及其影响因素的调查是本次研究的主要内容。结果福州市社区空巢老年人占老年人总体比例的39%,其中男性多于女性;由logistic检验得出空巢老年人健康状况受年龄、性别、原职业、是否赞成非家庭养老方式、锻炼程度等因素的影响。结论倡导空巢老年人形成良好的生活饮食习惯与自我保健意识,加强对空巢老年人慢性病的防治,丰富老年人的精神生活、社会生活,提高对空巢老年人经济支持,完善社区为老服务,从而改善空巢老年人的健康状况。     

影响在校体育专业学生考研录取率的因素

通过对在校体育专业学生考研现状的调查与分析，针对其薄弱环节，提出了现阶段提高在校体育专业大学生考研录取率的方法与途径．     

中医心理学发展的现状及展望

自20世纪80年代起,随着对祖国传统医学中心理学思想的不断挖掘、整理以及临床实践,“中医心理学”逐渐从“中医心理学思想”向一个系统的学科体系过渡,在理论与实践上均取得了一定的成果。中医心理学的进一步发展还需要从突显自身特色、挖掘传统文化的影响、明确学科定位以及培养专业人才等4个方面着手。     

从会计角度看中国企业应对反倾销的对策

我国是目前国际上遭受反倾销调查最多的国家,国外反倾销给我国出口贸易造成了巨大损失。会计是反倾销诉讼中的一个关键因素。文章针对会计在我国企业应对反倾销中的作用和我国企业应对反倾销中存在的会计问题进行了分析,在此基础上提出了我国企业从会计角度应对反倾销的对策与建议。     

当代中国的社会变迁与女性犯罪

当前我国处于急剧的社会变迁时期,社会变迁带来的社会角色的变迁、社会地位的分化、社会整合力的减弱以及社会流动的加速,是当代女性犯罪不断上升和蔓延的重要原因.本文从社会变迁角度探讨当代女性犯罪的复杂成因.     

试论我国刑事附带民事诉讼执行

刑事附带民事案件执行比普通民事执行更难,有其自身特殊的原因。解决刑事附带民事执行难问题已不是执行机构单方面的努力所能解决的,而需要公安机关、人民检察院、监狱和刑事审判庭等各个部门的通力合作。解决刑事附带民事执行难的最终机制在于建立国家补偿制度。     

Religious affiliation and the family

The process of religious affiliation is mediated by institutions such as the family, which provide a network of ties to the public sphere. Variations in the likelihood of those with no religious affiliation in high school (N=900) becoming church members by the time they reach 30 are explained in terms of a combination of individual attributes, such as educational and spatial mobility, and changes in structural location, such as the transition to marital and parental status. Panel data from the Career Development Study show that women's chances of affiliation are more affected than are men's by parents' religious homogamy, getting married, and having children.     

论师范院校教师口语课的地位与作用

本文从教师口语课的内容、性质、特点入手 ,结合口语教学实践 ,对教师口语课在提高民族语言素质以及师范教育、素质教育中的重要作用进行了论述 ,意在引起对这门学科的高度重视 ,并力求开好这门课。