位格·爱·价值——从舍勒现象学的基本要素看其现象学的独特性

现象学在舍勒思想中不是借用的方法,而是与其哲学目标内在一致的思想主题,具有独特的内涵。从根本上说,现象学态度是作为位格之人的本质态度,人通过这种态度直观价值及其秩序的过程就是人摆脱动物状态,作为位格而存在,成为人本身的过程。     

字母词在当代汉语中使用状况的分析

随着科学技术的迅猛发展以及国际交流的日益加深,加之互联网的促动,当代汉语与外语特别是英语的接触进入了前所未有的深广阶段。当代汉语中出现了大量的字母词。字母词是一个原型概念,根据字母词的概念原型,求证出字母词的4个形式指标,由此我们可以得出字母词的15种基本形式。外文原词不具有字母词的任何形式指标,不是字母词。六百万字样本语料库共出现字母词6068词次;平均每种报纸每天出现144.48词次字母词。新闻语体中字母词的平均使用密度为0.711。科技领域的使用密度最高,其次是教育领域;再次是经济领域,军事领域和政法领域使用密度最低。字母词的使用密度和文章领域相关,和地域及报纸性质不相关。     

突降格及其语序意义的再现

突降法是英汉两种语言中都十分常见的修辞格。它的最大特点是不可前后颠倒的语序。因此,突降辞格的翻译不能套用一般的语序翻译原则。否则,辞格修辞效果就不可能再现出来。     

熵理论与和谐社会

熵理论揭示了任何事物和过程都是有序和无序的辩证统一,人类社会的发展也是有序和无序的辩证统一。构建和谐社会的实质就是克服无序(不和谐)、创建有序(和谐),实现安定有序。这是建设中国特色社会主义的重大任务。     

试论语用原则在听力教学中的应用

听力课教学是整个英语语言教学中不容忽视的重要环节。本文对在听力教学过程中语用原则的应用作了初步探讨,以求解决一些外语教学中长期存在的问题。全文以合作原则在听力教学中对会话含义的推导作用为中心,提示了人们在会话中都不同程度地遵守语用原则,因而掌握好语用原则有助于听力教学水平的提高。     

论《水浒传》中的詈骂词“鸟”

《水浒传》中“鸟”用作詈骂词的例子共有一百七十八个。透过对这些例子的分析,我们可以发现“鸟”作詈骂词使用的情况不仅《水浒传》中存在,其它同时代著作中存在,而且在现代汉语口语中也普遍存在。     

Ordering results for series and parallel systems comprising heterogeneous exponentiated Weibull components

In this paper, we discuss the usual stochastic and reversed hazard rate orders between the series and parallel systems from two sets of independent heterogeneous exponentiated Weibull components. We also obtain the results concerning the convex transform orders between parallel systems and obtain necessary and sufficient conditions under which the dispersive and usual stochastic orders, and the right spread and increasing convex orders between the lifetimes of the two systems are equivalent. Finally, in the multiple-outlier exponentiated Weibull models, based on weak majorization and p-larger orders between the vectors of scale and shape parameters, some characterization results for comparing the lifetimes of parallel and series systems are also established, respectively. The results of this paper can be used in practical situations to find various bounds for the important aging characteristics of these systems.     

Testing the dilation order by using cumulative residual Tsallis entropy

In this paper, we introduce a new test for the dilation order based on cumulative residual Tsallis entropy of order α. The effect of the values of parameter α on the power of the test statistics is numerically investigated. The asymptotic distribution of the test statistic is given. The performance of the test statistic is evaluated using a simulation study. Finally, some numerical examples illustrating the theory are also given.     

A misspecification test for the higher order co-moments of the factor model

The traditional estimation of higher order co-moments of non-normal random variables by the sample analog of the expectation faces a curse of dimensionality, as the number of parameters increases steeply when the dimension increases. Imposing a factor structure on the process solves this problem; however, it leads to the challenging task of selecting an appropriate factor model. This paper contributes by proposing a test that exploits the following feature: when the factor model is correctly specified, the higher order co-moments of the unexplained return variation are sparse. It recommends a general to specific approach for selecting the factor model by choosing the most parsimonious specification for which the sparsity assumption is satisfied. This approach uses a Wald or Gumbel test statistic for testing the joint statistical significance of the co-moments that are zero when the factor model is correctly specified. The asymptotic distribution of the test is derived. An extensive simulation study confirms the good finite sample properties of the approach. This paper illustrates the practical usefulness of factor selection on daily returns of random subsets of S&P 100 constituents.     

Accurate computation of single and product moments of order statistics under progressive censoring

An accurate procedure is proposed to calculate approximate moments of progressive order statistics in the context of statistical inference for lifetime models. The study analyses the performance of power series expansion to approximate the moments for location and scale distributions with high precision and smaller deviations with respect to the exact values. A comparative analysis between exact and approximate methods is shown using some tables and figures. The different approximations are applied in two situations. First, we consider the problem of computing the large sample variance–covariance matrix of maximum likelihood estimators. We also use the approximations to obtain progressively censored sampling plans for log-normal distributed data. These problems illustrate that the presented procedure is highly useful to compute the moments with precision for numerous censoring patterns and, in many cases, is the only valid method because the exact calculation may not be applicable.