Women at work in workplaces designed for men: Anthropometry and ergonomics

This article considers one of the sources of stress faced by modern working women: that of having to work in environments largely designed for men. It outlines how this problem has arisen, and examines the different ways in which it can be overcome, pointing up some of the main ergonomic issues that should be addressed in the design of work environments and facilities.     

论教育人类学的学科性质与研究方法

教育人类学作为人类学的一个分支学科形成于20世纪中叶。教育人类学有不同的流派。以美、英为代表的"文化—教育人类学"强调经验研究,注重田野工作和民族志撰写。在我国,教育人类学与民族教育学有密切的关系,但两者在研究的对象和方法上有明显的不同。这种不同主要来源于作为其学科母体的人类学与民族学的区别。与综合运用各学科的方法对少数民族教育进行研究的民族教育学不同,教育人类学并不局限于少数民族的研究,在研究方法上也更注重田野工作等传统人类学方法的应用。     

专业社会工作者伦理价值选择之优先序列

专业社会工作是一种特殊的专业助人的职业。专业社会工作要实现其专业助人的使命,除了要具备一套完善的、成熟的专业方法和专业技巧,还必须形成一个较完备的、可操作的、能督导和考量的伦理价值序列。专业社会工作伦理价值之优先序列为:第一是"保护生命安全原则",第二是"营造机会平等原则",第三是"最小伤害原则",第四是案主"自主自决原则",第五是"保密原则"。     

刑事被害人补偿刍议

简明扼要地论述了设立刑事被害人补偿制度的必要性、理论根据;并在对国外刑事被害人补偿制度主要内容进行考察的基础上,分析了我国设立该制度的可行性,提出了具体的设立方案。     

Mediating production and consumption: cultural capital and 'cultural workers'

This paper examines recent debates about the role of what Bourdieu termed cultural intermediaries in the formation and reproduction of the relations of cultural capital. Workers in the cultural or creative industries were given a central place in Bourdieu's schema in the creation of hierarchies of value in the production and consumption of symbolic goods. Subsequent writers about the apparent emergence of a creative economy (Lash and Urry 1994; Featherstone 1991) have given workers involved in the production and distribution of cultural goods a pivotal place in the development of late or post-modernity. More recent work (Negus 2002; Nixon and du Gay 2002) has criticized the validity and coherence of the term as it has come to be understood and called for more rigour in its definition and use. This paper adds to this debate by considering the book trade as a space in which the gap between production and consumption of cultural goods is mediated. It suggests that cultural intermediaries, as cultural workers, are engaged in the reproduction of the cultural aspects of social class by 'shoring up' their insecure position in the relations of cultural capital, rather than simply being the taste leaders of a reflexive modernity.     

THE COMMUNITIES WE ARE REGAINING BUT NEED TO LOSE

Michael Young and Gerard Lemos’ (1997 Young, M. and Lemos, G. 1997. The communities we have lost and can regain, London: Lemos and Crane.  [Google Scholar]) text The communities we have lost and can regain has had a substantial influence on New Labour's communitarian thinking. This paper critically examines a specific aspect of New Labour's communitarian agenda, namely, its use of public housing policy to rebuild communities in order to combat social exclusion on so-called ‘sink estates’. The paper is presented in four main parts. The first part of the paper discusses how, why and to what extent ‘community’ has been lost, with particular reference to public housing estates. The second part examines why community rebuilding is now seen as the solution to the problems caused by the loss of community on public housing estates and, to this end, pays particular attention to the communitarian values that underpin New Labour's third way. The third part of the paper examines some empirical studies of community in order to highlight the key characteristics of ‘community’ and thereby develop a critical understanding of what New Labour are currently seeking to achieve. The fourth part of the paper juxtaposes this discussion of ‘community’ with a discussion of emerging socio-economic trends that have been identified in the literature on late modernity and globalization. By highlighting emerging socio-economic trends such as residential mobility into the community debate, the paper concludes by criticizing the policy of community building as ‘good for you’. Our key point is that community building restricts the residential mobility of poorer households and exacerbates (rather than combats) their social exclusion because a key indicator of social inclusion is their ability to take advantage of the social, cultural and economic opportunities that so often exist ‘elsewhere’.     

略论期刊编辑部远程办公的实现

期刊编辑部通过在网站上建立远程办公系统,可实现家庭办公和异地办公。远程办公室主页主要由办公室、会议室、会客室、阅览室、财务室、广告部、发行部等职能部门组成。其中,办公室又分主编室、专业编辑室等,主编可定期在会议室召开会议,各编辑和作者、读者相约在会客室交流。规范的约稿函、修稿函、催版面费函等,可利用邮件系统发送,而审稿费、稿费、版面费等可在财务室通过网上银行转账。作者投稿时可直接进入编辑室对口专业的"办公桌",编辑可在自己"办公桌"上编排校稿件,提交给主编,实现局域网办公、因特网办公等远程办公的功能。利用该系统,可外聘编辑(甚至异地的编辑),本编辑部的编辑也可在别的杂志社兼职,为建立网上编辑部提供了技术支持。     

"构建和谐校园"与高校经济困难学生工作

"构建和谐校园"是高校的一项重要任务,高校经济困难学生工作是高校学生思想政治工作的重点之一,也是构建"和谐校园"的重要基础.文章从"构建和谐校园"高度探索高校经济困难学生工作,认为高校经济困难学生工作要与思想政治工作相结合,与培养高校经济困难学生健康心理相结合,与高校勤工助学活动相结合.     

Mexican American Fathers' Occupational Conditions: Links to Family Members' Psychological Adjustment

To examine the implications of fathers' occupational conditions (i.e., income, work hours, shift work, pressure, workplace racism, and underemployment) for family members' psychological adjustment, home interviews were conducted with fathers, mothers, and two adolescent offspring in each of 218 Mexican American families. Results underscored the importance of acculturation as a moderator. Fathers' income was negatively associated with depressive symptoms in highly acculturated families but not in less acculturated families. In contrast, fathers' reports of workplace racism were positively associated with depressive symptoms in less acculturated families but not in more acculturated family contexts. These findings were consistent across all 4 family members, suggesting that the "long arm" of the jobs held by Mexican American fathers extends to mothers and adolescent offspring.     

Altruistic and Vicarious Fear of Crime: Fear for Others and Gendered Social Roles

Fear for others as distinct from personal fear is an understudied phenomenon. Relying on qualitative data, this paper explores gender differences in fear for others and identifies differences linked to social roles. For men, a paternal protector role characterized fears expressed mostly for their wives. For women, a maternal caretaker role characterized fears expressed for their children, elderly parents, and siblings. This paper offers a new way to conceptualize fear for others based on making distinctions between the object of fear and active or nonactive responses: kinship-based altruistic fear, kinship-based vicarious fear, general altruistic fear, and general vicarious fear.