Decision-making for paired comparison using the extended amended Davidson model

For decision purpose, one of the commonly used statistical applications is the comparison of two or more objects or characteristics. Sometimes, it is not possible to compare the objects at a time or when the number of objects under study is large and the differences between the objects become small, then a useful way is to compare them in pairwise manner. Because of its practical nature, the fields in which paired comparison techniques are being used are numerous. Many Bayesian statisticians have focused their attention on the practical and usable paired comparison technique and have successfully performed the Bayesian study of many of the paired comparison models. In the current study, analysis of the amended Davidson model (ADM) which has been extended after incorporating the order effect parameter is narrated. For this intention, both the informative and non informative priors are used. The said model is studied for the case of four treatments which are compared pairwise.     

Testing for linearity in generalized linear models using kernel smoothing

A test statistic proposed by Li (1999) for testing the adequacy of heteroscedastic nonlinear regression models using nonparametric kernel smoothers is applied to testing for linearity in generalized linear models. Simulation results for models with centered gamma and inverse Gaussian errors are presented to illustrate the performance of the resulting test compared with log-likelihood ratio tests for specific parametric alternatives. The test is applied to a data set of coronary heart disease status (Hosmer and Lemeshow, (1990).     

How social comparison influences reference price formation in a service context

What is the influence on reference price when the source of price information is anonymous versus social? This article investigates the formation of reference prices given an observed sequence of past prices in a service context. An experimental study suggests that, considering the same price information, if the source is social (i.e., the prices paid by colleagues), then consumers want to pay less. More specifically, social comparison changes the way individuals weigh information, attributing more importance to the lowest historical prices and to the range in price variations.     

Insecure times? Workers' perceived job and labor market security in 23 OECD countries

By examining the association between employees' perceptions of job security and central labor market policies and characteristics, this paper seeks to understand the mechanisms through which institutions generate confidence and positive expectations among individuals regarding their economic future. The analyses distinguish between different facets of perceived job security and different institutional mechanisms. My multilevel analyses of a data set that contains information on 12,431 individuals and 23 countries show that some labor market policies and characteristics are more likely than others to provide workers with subjective security. Unemployment assistance in particular is an effective means of reducing workers' worries about job loss. Dismissal protection, by contrast, only unleashes its psychologically protective effects under certain conditions. The paper's main conclusion is that the effectiveness of policies varies and that different types of labor market institutions serve as complements rather than as substitutes.     

指导学生参加英语口语比赛的实践和启示

介绍了广东省高职院校英语口语比赛的内容和方式,结合自身教学和指导比赛的实践,由此对现用教材、现有课程活动设置、学生的英语习惯思维以及师资引发了思考,在对先用教材和比赛用书进行比对的基础上,提出了相关对策建议。     

Locally best invariant test for outliers in a gamma type distribution

It is shown that the locally best invariant test for the existence of outliers for scale parameters of the gamma distribution is given by Bartholomew's test for exponentiality which is the ratio of the sum of squares of the data to the square of the sample mean. The optimality robustness, including null and nonnull robustness of the test is shown. A small simulation study to compare the power among the other eight competitive tests for testing exponentiality is performed. It is seen that the locally best invariant test is not always best but is reasonably good. It is slightly better than Cochran's test and suffers less from the limiting masking effect.     

参与观察、类型比较和文化变迁的经验基础--评费孝通与利奇之间的理论分歧

本文对费孝通和利奇的理论作了较为详细的对比分析 ,并找出了他们的分歧所在 ,有助于社会人类学学者对我国社会问题的进一步研究     

西北地区回族、撒拉族、维吾尔族民间婚俗舞蹈比较研究(连载)

在甘、青、宁和新疆地区 ,在民间婚礼中 ,曾经活跃着三种婚俗性的民间舞蹈表演。然而 ,随着历史的推进 ,也出现了舞蹈历史兴衰的现象。本文以生活在中国西北地区的撒拉族、回族、维吾尔族的婚礼中的舞蹈为研究对象 ,在大量第一手调查资料、文献资料的基础上 ,试图分析《堆依奥依纳》、《宴席舞》、《纳孜尔库姆》这三种婚俗舞蹈各自兴衰的过程     

数字货币时代的商业模式讨论--基于双案例的比较研究

本文运用对比案例分析法,选取Steemit论坛和知乎论坛作为分析对象,探究了使用数字货币与否对同一行业组织的商业模式及其创新有什么影响。本文以商业模式画布为蓝本,通过对比数字货币背景下商业模式在价值主张、价值创造、价值传递、价值网络和价值实现五个方面的差异,探究数字货币时代下商业模式的创新影响,以及商业模式不同价值元素间新的构成秩序。本研究分析了选取案例商业模式中的不同对应元素,并给出了以下三个针对数字货币和商业模式的新命题:第一,数字货币在价值创造过程中联结利益主体;第二,数字货币起到了模糊价值网络边界的作用,从而促进构成新的治理模式;第三,使用数字货币可以在价值实现过程中完成利润重新分配。最后,文章认为数字货币情景下商业模式中不同价值元素的交互关系,呈现出以客户关系为核心的共同价值创造和共同价值实现的新秩序。     

国际工程承包商生态位测度与分析——基于ENR国际承包商250/225强的实证研究

从企业生态位理论的视角,提出国际工程承包企业生态位宽度及生态位重叠度等表征指标及相应的测度方法,分析国际工程承包企业国际市场资源的多样化及利用程度、目标市场的相似度和竞争程度。根据ENR发布的全球250/225强国际承包商历年业务统计数据,针对13个主要国家的国际承包商进行国际市场生态位测度,定量分析不同国家国际承包企业在复杂国际市场环境中的生态位状况;并进行中国国际承包商与美国国际承包商的对比分析。研究发现:欧美承包商比亚洲承包商具有更高的生态位宽度,生态位宽度高的国别承包商之间存在较高的生态位重叠度;美、德、韩、日、英、意、澳等国承包商是中国承包商的主要竞争者,中国承包商正处于快速发展阶段,需不断提高自身综合能力,进一步拓展国际市场空间。