从中西文化比较的角度论王尔德的写意世界

通过文本分析,结合中西文化比较方法,对王尔德的写意世界进行探讨研究.王尔德的写意世界可以分成两个方面:一是在作品中营造感觉化世界,有意模糊诗画界限,用文字创造色彩和勾勒线条,重构世界,最大限度激发读者的想象力;二是在创作上采用虚实相生的手法,用远离现实的荒诞故事情节揭露和批判维多利亚时期社会的庸俗虚伪本质.在解析这两方面的同时,与中国传统文化中的写意展开比较研究,探求两者的相通之处--都具有象征性思维,采用绘画中的写意手法,以求诗与画的融合;而相异之处在于情感投射的对象不同,各自的审美追求亦大相径庭.     

论先秦寓言的朦胧美

先秦寓言是镶嵌在先秦散文中的粒粒明珠,因此对母体散文具有很强的依附性;但它故事完整,情节生动,形象鲜明,是完全可以单独存在的,在先秦时代唯一能称得上的纯文学作品,这样在依附与独立之间,就产生了转义、歧义与多义,从而带来了寓言作品的朦胧感。而象征主义的创作方法所带来的思想先于形象和形象大于思想,人物性格的类型化,形似与神似和形神契合、虚实同体的乖谬,又给先秦寓言蒙上了一层厚厚的面纱。特殊的审美中介和审美中介的差异,人们反复咀嚼时出新意的审美情趣,则使先秦寓言的朦胧美充满了生命的活力。     

香港与内地大学预科教育之比较

本文从演变历程、教育制度的异同、未来发展三个方面就香港与内地大学预科教育进行比较,详述了不同历史时期、不同社会制度对香港与内地大学预科教育制度发展的影响;指出香港与内地大学预科教育制度相同点在于都是西化的产物及都具有汰选的功能,但教学内容、办学特点和招生对象存在很大差异;认为香港与内地预科教育制度有其存在的合理性及重要性,未来应该大力发展内地大学预科教育。     

国际机制理论与"球权"理论之比较

国际机制理论和"球权"理论都产生于全球化的背景之下.国际机制理论从机制、制度的角度解读国际合作,"球权"理论从权利的角度解读国际合作.通过梳理国际机制理论与"球权"理论的理论内涵,比较这两种理论的相同点与不同点,可得出一些相应的理论启示.     

两种模式的比较--裴斯泰洛齐的贫民教育与晏阳初的平民教育

裴斯泰洛齐和晏阳初是中外教育史上致力于乡村教育的两位教育家,他们在教育实验和理论的形成中有较多的相似之处.他们都具有基督的博爱精神,有各自的理论基础.教育实验扎根于农村;实验服务的对象是穷人;其目的是解决农民的劣根性;教育内容强化训练、重实用、重生活;教育手段上科学化、简单化,成功地创造了两种农村教育模式.     

Comparing Career Development Outcomes Among Undergraduate Students in Cognitive Information Processing Theory–Based Versus Human Relations Courses

The effectiveness of undergraduate career courses has been demonstrated for multiple variables, including career certainty, maturity, decision-making skills, and reduction of dysfunctional career thoughts. Although such studies used the career course as an intervention, most failed to include a comparison course, nor were grounded in career theory. This study used a comparison group of 152 undergraduates enrolled in career development courses and 50 students enrolled in undergraduate human relations courses. Pre- and posttest comparisons indicated that the career course yielded significant improvements in career decision state, cognitive information processing (CIP) skills, career decision-making stage, knowledge of next steps, and anxiety about current career concern, but the human relations course did not. The CIP-based career course is supported as a valid career intervention, and individuals may benefit from targeted interventions depending on their CASVE cycle position. Future research might compare different career theory–based or atheoretical career courses on career development outcomes.     

《西厢记》和《春香传》叙事之比较

中国的元杂剧《西厢记》和朝鲜古典小说《春香传》都是描写东方古典爱情的优秀作品，这两部作品各自塑造的人物形象及表现的主题都具有丰富的文化内涵，且反映出超时代的鲜明的进步性。近年来，对这两部作品的比较研究多是侧重于文化影响和接受上，而从叙事的角度进行比较分析，会发现两者在许多惊人的相似中还存在各自的不同。     

Fairness decisions in children and early adolescents with and without hearing loss

Although having universal aspects, development of a sense of fairness, a milestone in children's social development, is influenced by social and cultural forces. Yet, it scarcely has been studied in children who are at risk for their social development, let alone in deaf and hard‐of‐hearing (DHH) children, who have limited access to linguistic and social input. This study examined for the first time equity preferences in DHH children compared with hearing counterparts. About 179 children (8–11 years) and early adolescents (12–14 years) played four economic allocation games where they distributed coins between themselves and another child. Participants with and without hearing loss were similar in conditions that entailed non‐costly prosociality or self‐maximization. However, DHH participants showed weaker inequity aversion in more complex conditions: DHH children were more willing to allow other players to receive more coins than themselves, compared with hearing children and to DHH or hearing adolescents, and DHH adolescents were less willing to share resources when it was self‐costly, compared with all other groups. Findings are discussed in light of the tension between norms of social comparison and norms of prosociality, and how they are reflected in developmental trajectories for inequity aversion when access to these norms is limited.     

Comparing waiting times in a multi-stage model: A log-rank approach

A proper log-rank test for comparing two waiting (i.e. sojourn, gap) times under right censored data has been absent in the survival literature. The classical log-rank test provides a biased comparison even under independent right censoring since the censoring induced on the time since state entry depends on the entry time unless the hazards are semi-Markov. We develop test statistics for comparing K waiting time distributions from a multi-stage model in which censoring and waiting times may be dependent upon the transition history in the multi-stage model. To account for such dependent censoring, the proposed test statistics utilize an inverse probability of censoring weighted (IPCW) approach previously employed to define estimators for the cumulative hazard and survival function for waiting times in multi-stage models. We develop the test statistics as analogues to K-sample log-rank statistics for failure time data, and weak convergence to a Gaussian limit is demonstrated. A simulation study demonstrates the appropriateness of the test statistics in designs that violate typical independence assumptions for multi-stage models, under which naive test statistics for failure time data perform poorly, and illustrates the superiority of the test under proportional hazards alternatives to a Mann–Whitney type test. We apply the test statistics to an existing data set of burn patients.     

On familial Poisson mixed models with multi-dimensional random effects

When a generalized linear mixed model with multiple (two or more) sources of random effects is considered, the inferences may vary depending on the nature of the random effects. In this paper, we consider a familial Poisson mixed model where each of the count responses of a family are influenced by two independent unobservable familial random effects with two distinct components of dispersion. A generalized quasilikelihood (GQL) approach is discussed for the estimation of the dispersion components as well as the regression effects of the model. A simulation study is conducted to examine the relative performance of the GQL approach as opposed to a simpler method of moments. Furthermore, the GQL estimation methodology is illustrated by using health care utilization data that follow a Poisson mixed model with one component of dispersion and by using simulated asthma data that follow a Poisson mixed model with two sources of random effects with two distinct components of dispersion.