博采异同遂混虚实——论干宝的小说理论与实践

自鲁迅《中国小说史略》问世以来,学界咸以为魏晋南北朝小说一如写新闻,并非有意创作。然细阅干宝的生平资料,细阅其《晋纪》、《搜神记序》及《搜神记》却会发现:号曰良史的干宝实爱搜神志怪;在那时就发现小说“难免失实”,划清了与历史散文的界限;其《搜神记》题材采自典籍者多荒诞失实;题材采自现实者实非写实而多虚构。干宝的创作实践了他的小说理论,已开有意为小说之先河,在中国小说史上具有里程碑式的意义。     

论湖湘文化与湖南现代话剧作家的浪漫笔致

浪漫是湖南现代话剧作家创作的一大风格,该风格的产生与湖湘地域文化有着紧密的关联。在奇山秀水以及浓厚巫傩风尚的滋养与孕育下,湖南现代话剧作家或将丰富想象力投注于作品,通过非常态情节的叙述令其呈现出浓郁的传奇色彩;或借助爱情故事和为了爱情不顾一切痴情男女形象的描绘,表达崇情尚性的情爱观。受时代风气的影响,湖南现代话剧作家笔下的浪漫还表现出集融地域文化与时代风雨的别样形貌特征,如直白抒发情爱欲望,表现主体精神自由“灵”与社会现实“肉”间的分裂与矛盾等。     

在坚守与转换中思索人性:刘庆邦小说的空间书写

刘庆邦着眼于我国城乡社会结构的变迁,多年来坚持书写农村题材和普通矿工的平凡生活,新世纪以来创作的“保姆在北京”系列小说则将创作视点转移至进城打工的保姆群体,不变的是他对底层百姓的人道主义关怀及对人性问题的深入思索。不论是城乡交叉地带的煤矿叙事所呈现出的物理空间、心理空间和社会空间,还是“保姆在北京”系列小说中空间权力对进城乡下女性的规约与限制,都表现出刘庆邦小说明显的空间意识,也体现了他小说创作的独特价值。     

新《课程要求》下大学英语写作教学的反思

英语写作是非英语专业大学生最薄弱的环节之一,也是教学难点之一。从教育部最新下达的《大学英语课程教学要求》(试行)的写作标准出发,分析了影响英语写作水平的主、客观因素,提出了一系列的解决对策,旨在探讨写作的教学方法和提高学生的写作能力。     

从新乡土诗到《原野》：书生写作的回归与突破

吴昕孺是一位实力派诗人,也是“好诗主义”的提倡者、践行者之一。他的长诗《原野》堪称长篇巨制,既走出了新乡土诗派的阴影,又避免了掉入当前粗陋化写作的陷阱,且能别开生面,以现代性突进作为书写技法和叙述方向。吴昕孺以自己独立、清醒的价值观和文学观,以自己的探索和坚守,形成了一种颇具个性化的“书生写作”现象。     

论土家族作家孙健忠小说的巫性书写

土家族作家孙健忠,后期创作了一系列具有神秘巫性色彩的小说,其致力于原始信仰的诗意表达和自然生命力的彰显,人神合一、人与动物神秘互渗、野性生命、本真人性、生殖崇拜等种种土家族巫文化元素渗透于作品之中,其巫性思维下的叙事方法则带给读者神秘的阅读体验。     

The relationship between burnout and risk-taking in workplace decision-making and decision-making style

This study aimed to investigate what decision-making styles might be exhibited by employees who experience burnout. Using a Work Risk Inventory (WRI), developed for this study, which included generic workplace scenarios, it was also explored whether such employees take relatively more risky decisions. Risk was conceptualised as the adoption of decisions that threaten one’s reputation at work, job performance and job security. The mediating effect of the likelihood and seriousness of the consequences of the worst that could happen in each given scenario on the relationships between dimensions of burnout and risk-taking was also tested. A total of 262 employees in various occupations completed an online survey, including measures on burnout, decision-making styles and the WRI. As predicted, dimensions of burnout – exhaustion, cynicism and professional inefficacy – correlated significantly with avoidant decision-making and negatively with rational decision-making. The seriousness of the consequences of the worst-case scenario occurring mediated the relationship between professional inefficacy and risk-taking. In the context of identifying mechanisms by which burnout leads to risky decision-making, the findings suggest that employees’ sense of professional inefficacy determines their risky decision-making. The contribution to theory and implications for practice are discussed.     

Modifying the Modifier: Body Modification as Social Incarnation

The notion that body modification occurs when one undertakes practices like tattooing, piercing or scarification, engenders discourses in which: (i) body modifiers endorse such practices as self‐constructive, distancing their practitioners from social regulation and a deterministic biology, whereas; (ii) critics condemn their seemingly violent, corporeal interference. However, in suspecting that such analysis should be attentive to the concurrent individual and social co‐constitution of behaviours, a sociological and post‐structural interrogation of this characterization of body modification as a “sovereign, denaturalizing” endeavour is demanded. An engagement with the originary violence of Derridian deconstruction will duly re‐conceive body modification practice as not something which introduces violence to corporeality. Rather, violence will present as a primordial differentiating process which bodies always already condition, and by which they are conditioned/produced/modified. The second issue at stake in this article will thus develop as a contestation to the characterization of “body modification” as an exclusive category of practice. Such practices do not arrive, pre‐existing, but rather manifest as the originary violence/differentiation of bodies‐as‐modifications‐which‐modify. This re‐defines modification from something that agentive subjects introduce to bodies, to something that subjects‐as‐bodies cannot help but be. Consequently, individual agency is not divorced from behaviour, but emerges as a corporeal, social production.     

Three Days to Walk: a personal story of life writing and disability consciousness in China

Through a close reading of Three Days to Walk, a memoir of disability by Chinese writer Zhang Yuncheng, this paper develops a new understanding of self-narrated life writing and its intersection with disability consciousness in the contemporary Chinese context. It examines the changing nature of disability life writing since the end of the early 1980s, a time when the images and voices of disabled began to emerge from effective cultural invisibility and silence. In a move away from state-sponsored ‘triumph over tragedy’ biographical narratives typical of the immediate post-Cultural Revolution period, Three Days to Walk is characteristic of a new popular trend to publish self-narrated life stories that reveal unique and intimate histories of disability experience both imbued with and propelled by a burgeoning sense of disability consciousness in the Chinese context.