世界金融秩序变迁研究：基于国际政治经济学视角

现代世界金融秩序,是一个历史的动态过程,主要经历了以阿姆斯特丹为中心的荷兰世界金融秩序、以伦敦为中心的不列颠世界金融秩序、以纽约为中心的美国世界金融秩序。阿姆斯特丹—伦敦—纽约的更迭一直沿着中心化—去中心化—再中心化的路径。世界金融秩序的空间基础在于世界金融中心。世界金融中心崛起的关键在于它们各自的政治经济实力的相对上升、资本的积累和其货币作为世界货币。大规模战争在世界金融权力的转移、世界金融秩序的变迁中具有重大影响,甚至起着关键作用。市场在世界金融秩序和世界金融中心的形成、发展中起着基础性作用,政府干预的作用是有限的,但是政府在世界金融秩序的权力结构和治理结构的地位越来越大。     

Survey of feral rock doves (Columba livia) in Amsterdam, a bird-human association

We carried out a survey of the feral rock doves (Columba livia) visible in the public areas of the fourteen Town Councils in Amsterdam. The objectives were to detect the preferential locations of the feral pigeons and to obtain reference values of their population sizes in order to be able to evaluate the effect of possible control measures. We registered 354 locations were twenty or more feral pigeons were visible during feeding. In these locations, averaged over ten to twelve counts, we counted 10,056 pigeons. Moreover we observed that at another 541 locations at least once five pigeons were visible during feeding. In all 894 locations we counted, averaged over four counts, 11,885 pigeons. By Town Council, we calculated strong positive correlations between the average number of pigeons per hectare, the human population density, the number of houses and the yearly number of kilos organic waste per hectare.     

阿姆斯特丹文化分析学派的文艺研究及其理论建构

英国伯明翰学派的文化研究关注作为生活方式的文化经验,德国法兰克福学派的文化批判重视文化形态的意识形态机制,荷兰阿姆斯特丹学派的文化分析强调作为文化存在的研究对象。有鉴于文化研究在经验与结构之间的范式争议,文化分析主张从“文化本体”到“文化指涉”的理论转向。比较和对照文化研究的理论观念与范式,本文主张从作品到文本的范式转型,以此考察文化文本作为文化分析的理论基点,强调从文化到文化性的视域融合,以此梳理“文化指涉”作为文化分析的批评视角,探讨“会思考的艺术”作为文化分析的理论对象。     

Mutualism,resource competition and opposing movements among Turkish organizations in Amsterdam and Berlin, 1965–2000

This article seeks to understand environmental effects on associational interdependencies, be they competitive or collaborative, in a polarized organizational population. To do so, it builds on the density‐dependent model and the ecology of ideologies. Especially interested in the effect of context on density‐dependent processes, I compare different Turkish ideological movements in Amsterdam and Berlin. Amsterdam represents an open and supportive environment for such movements, whereas Berlin constitutes a more closed and hostile one. By analysing the founding and disbanding rates of Turkish immigrant organizations in Amsterdam and Berlin during the period 1965–2000, the article demonstrates how the increasing density of Turkish ideologies has affected interdependencies in two main ways: by heightening competition, particularly between ideologically similar organizations, and by increasing counter activities between opposing movements. It also shows that the influence of context is limited. An open environment does not significantly influence the vitality rates of ideologies or further collaboration among or between them. On the contrary, it seemingly increases competition and fragmentation because more resources and opportunities are available. More signs of collaboration and mutualism are found in Berlin's closed environment.     

The NGOization of LGBT activism: ILGA-Europe and the Treaty of Amsterdam

This article discusses the Europeanization of social movement organizations using the case of ILGA-Europe, the umbrella of lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender organizations in Europe. It examines the impact of Article 13 of the Treaty of Amsterdam, which bans discrimination on the grounds of sexual orientation, and focuses on three entrenched dynamics ILGA-Europe has rapidly undergone: NGOization, institutionalization, and professionalization. It argues that although we should be aware of the role of the European political opportunity structure in shaping civil society organizations, we cannot overlook internal organizational dynamics and movement identities. Following the literature on the Europeanization of social movements, this piece confirms institutional opportunities and interactions with European institutions are a major cause of transformation: The adoption of Article 13 and the development of a European equal opportunity policy constitute a pivotal moment in ILGA-Europe’s history, endowing it with easier access to EU institutions and core funding. This allowed the organization to NGOize, contributed to a transformation of its internal structures, and led to the appointment of highly skilled professionals. However, this article also insists on the importance of movement identity. These transformations are not solely the result of interactions with the European institutional environment, but had been prepared by long-term orientations within ILGA, that is a preference for reformist claims and institutional strategies. ILGA-Europe’s NGOization is thus not only a response to institutional and political changes, but also results from specific ways of imagining activism. It is the interaction between movement identity and arising institutional opportunities that allowed the organization to transform.     

‘A commitment to cultural pluralism’. Diversity practices in two Amsterdam venues: Paradiso and De Meervaart

Cultural policy has traditionally had close ties with the construction of the society as a nation state, which has been marked by its built-in tendency towards cultural homogenisation. Post-World War II, multicultural societies pose profound challenges to these traditional forms of cultural policy. Although, in the last decades, western democracies have been designing cultural diversity plans, this does not mean that governmental policies have successfully been translated in institutional practice. In the Netherlands, mainly established cultural institutions have failed to integrate diversity into their core business. Yet, there have been a few exceptions that continue to make attempts to adapt their programmes to address new populations. In this article, we use Parekh’s view of a multiculturalism that reconciles unity and diversity, as a heuristic device that allows us to explore and examine the bottom-up diversity policies and practices of two Amsterdam-based cultural institutions: Paradiso and De Meervaart.     

当代荷兰阿姆斯特丹学派文化分析观念溯源

当下学界的文化研究思潮日渐式微,其文化政治的理论范式危机重重.国内外学术界对此多见批判意见,却少有改造实绩.以荷兰学者米克·巴尔等为代表的欧美文论家群体,提倡从文化批判主义到文化唯物主义的理论转向,主张基于"文化相关性"的文艺研究,逐渐形成以阿姆斯特丹大学为中心的文化分析学派.本文围绕文化分析的理论视角,考辨文化研究在文化主义与结构主义之间的范式危机,探讨文化分析学派主张的从"文化"到"文化性"的研究转向,从"文化景观"到"博物馆"的范式重建,以及从"文化批判"到"历史祛魅"的理论回归.     

略论短诗《阿姆斯特丹》的艺术魅力

以传统印象论和美国新批评相结合的方法分析川籍诗人安遏的短诗《阿姆斯特丹》，指出这首诗以一种极简单的方式创造了一种含混的、充满张力的艺术魅力，并试图以此为范例，表明传统批评法与现代西方批评法相结合的可能性。     

1595～1670年荷兰经营下的东南亚与阿姆斯特丹远程贸易

16世纪末,荷兰与东南亚的远程贸易兴起。17世纪初期,荷兰在东南亚没有固定的经营基地,但这一贸易已成为了当时东南亚与欧洲间规模最大的远程贸易之一。1619年,荷兰在巴达维亚建起了经营大本营之后,东南亚与阿姆斯特丹的远程贸易进一步扩大:它不仅稳定,且规模、贸易量、商品种类等剧增。