Emotional harm and neglect: the legal response

This paper reports on a study of the extent to which child protection applications brought to the Melbourne Children's Court in Victoria, Australia, were based on emotional/psychological harm or neglect of a child and what factors were presented as evidence of harm or neglect. The study examined records of 208 court‐ordered pre‐trial conferences heard in the court between February and July 2002. What was found was that, although cases involving emotional abuse have increased in terms of child protection applications, they remain cases that are difficult to decide. While in 1998/9 emotional harm was a ground in 25.7% of child protection matters completed in the Family Division of the Children's Court of Victoria, legal decision‐makers are reluctant to make a finding of child abuse in these cases because there is less accuracy in the determination of emotional harm and negligible legal criteria available to guide decision‐making. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

确立人大代表竞选制的探讨

在当前社会利益多元化的情况下 ,竞选作为一种基本的选举方式已经在基层人大代表的直接选举中出现。竞选制度的逐步确立是我国政治发展的必然要求 ,市场经济体制下利益多元化、民主政治的发展和公民的参政意识提高都要求确立人大代表竞选制。当前我国人大代表选举中存在着选民和候选人之间缺乏直接的沟通和了解、人大代表的议政能力不强、人大代表缺乏被监督等问题。竞选制能更好地保证选民和候选人之间直接的沟通和了解 ,能够提高人大代表的议政能力 ,能够加强选民和选举单位对代表进行监督。确立人大代表竞选制是人大体制改革的需要和必由之路 ,对我国民主政治建设和政治文明的推进有着重要的意义。     

Asymptotic posterior normality for multiparameter problems

For asymptotic posterior normality in the one-parameter cases, Weng [2003. On Stein's identity for posterior normality. Statist. Sinica 13, 495–506] proposed to use a version of Stein's Identity to write the posterior expectations for functions of a normalized quantity in a form that is more transparent and can be easily analyzed. In the present paper we extend this approach to the multi-parameter cases and compare our conditions with earlier work. Three examples are used to illustrate the application of this method.     

论中国二十年代的性教育思想

性教育是二十年代思想界教育界热门话题之一.当时一些知识分子破除传统的性卑污、性忌讳、性神秘心态,积极倡吁性教育,他们对性教育的必要性与迫切性、任务与宗旨、方式与内容等方面进行了较为深入的探讨,形成了比较完整的性教育思想.这一思想不仅有其形成的历史必然性,而且在近现代性教育思想史上具有不可抹杀的地位,对当代中国性教育的理论和实践也不失其价值.     

狂气、病迹学与文学创作——兼论日本文学病迹学研究

病迹学是19世纪末发展起来的以精神医学为基础的一门边缘性学科。它以杰出人物(特别是艺术家)为对象,从精神医学的角度分析探究他们的异常性格、内心纠葛、病理过程和艺术创作之间的互动关系,揭示出这种关系在他们的个人生活、创作活动和作品中的作用和意义。以往的病迹学文学研究过多拘泥于精神医学的范畴对作家的疾病史作资料性的分析,实际上它更需带有文学批评的自觉,运用其独特的视角更积极地参与对作品的审美和对作家全方位的解读。     

《青龙潭》:三十年代中国农村的镜像写照

作为洪深代表作《农村三部曲》之一的《青龙潭》,由于极左思想的影响长久以来一直处于被贬抑的地位,不能和前两部相提并论。但实际上《青龙潭》深刻揭示了中国农村落后的根源,是三十年代中国农村的镜像写照。     

The failure of meta-analytic asymptotics for the seemingly efficient estimator of the common risk difference

We consider the case of a multicenter trial in which the center specific sample sizes are potentially small. Under homogeneity, the conventional procedure is to pool information using a weighted estimator where the weights used are inverse estimated center-specific variances. Whereas this procedure is efficient for conventional asymptotics (e. g. center-specific sample sizes become large, number of center fixed), it is commonly believed that the efficiency of this estimator holds true also for meta-analytic asymptotics (e.g. center-specific sample size bounded, potentially small, and number of centers large). In this contribution we demonstrate that this estimator fails to be efficient. In fact, it shows a persistent bias with increasing number of centers showing that it isnot meta-consistent. In addition, we show that the Cochran and Mantel-Haenszel weighted estimators are meta-consistent and, in more generality, provide conditions on the weights such that the associated weighted estimator is meta-consistent.     

Women's Work,Dirty Work: The Gynaecology Nurse as ‘Other’

This article seeks to explore the world of the gynaecology nurse. This world defines the gendered experience of nursing; that is, women in a women's job carrying out ‘women's work’. It is also a world that receives scant public recognition due to its association with the private domain of women's reproductive health. Many issues dealt with on a daily basis by gynaecology nurses are socially ‘difficult’: cancer, infertility, miscarriage and foetal abnormalities; or socially ‘distasteful’: termination of pregnancy, urinary incontinence, menstruation and sexually transmitted disease. The ‘tainted’ nature of gynaecology nursing gives it the social distinction of ‘dirty work’ but does not deter the gynaecology nurse from declaring her work as ‘special’, requiring distinctive knowledge and skills. Qualitative data collected from a group of gynaecology nurses in a North West National Health Service hospital displays how they actively celebrate their status as women carrying out ‘dirty work’. Through the use of ceremonial work that continually re‐affirms their ‘womanly’ qualities the gynaecology nurses establish themselves as ‘different’, as ‘special’, as the ‘other’.     

Brualdi定理的一个推广

本文将Brualdi定理推广到分块矩阵上,得到了新的谱包含域。     

Bayesian estimation in Kibble's bivariate gamma distribution

The authors describe Bayesian estimation for the parameters of the bivariate gamma distribution due to Kibble (1941). The density of this distribution can be written as a mixture, which allows for a simple data augmentation scheme. The authors propose a Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithm to facilitate estimation. They show that the resulting chain is geometrically ergodic, and thus a regenerative sampling procedure is applicable, which allows for estimation of the standard errors of the ergodic means. They develop Bayesian hypothesis testing procedures to test both the dependence hypothesis of the two variables and the hypothesis of equal means. They also propose a reversible jump Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithm to carry out the model selection problem. Finally, they use sets of real and simulated data to illustrate their methodology.