美国儿童电视规制的历史演变探析

美国儿童电视规制始于20世纪30年代,在80年来的历史进程中,经历了建构规制、放松规制、重构规制三个特征显著的历史阶段。这一历史演变是凯恩斯的政府干预主义和亚当·斯密的自由市场主义相互较量的产物,是美国不完整的政府和不完整的市场相互博弈的产物,是公共利益和商业利益相互角力的产物。美国儿童电视规制中的很多制度设计和价值取向看上去很美,但是在执行过程中并不尽如人意。历史地看,如果美国电视的商业体制没有改变,那么其儿童电视节目中的各类低俗和商业内容就不会得到彻底的改善。就此而言,美国儿童电视规制的使命依然任重而道远。     

当代中国人的日本观研究述评

20世纪90年代以来,国内学界对当代中国人日本观的形成、变迁、特点以及将来发展等问题进行了一般性研究,并对当代中国主要政治家和中国共产党、国内媒体和知识界以及一般公众的日本观进行了分类研究,还就媒体因素对当代中国人的日本观的影响、影响当代中国人日本观的文化因素、中日两国相互认识以及对日新思维等专题进行了研究。今后需要各相关部门对此项研究工作进一步加强重视,努力实现该研究的跨学科跨部门整合,并在具体研究工作中注重研究方法和研究内容的创新。     

理想与现实之惑——高校高学历女教师角色困境及疏解

作为“传统的现代女人”,高校高学历女教师有着强烈的自我发展需求、主体意识和成就动机,但在沉重的学术压力面前她们更容易出现职业倦怠;作为“现代的传统女人”,未婚的高学历女教师往往面临“结构性剩余”的境地,已婚的高学历女教师则在事业与家庭之间作着“鱼与熊掌”的艰难选择。多种角色压力归根到底是由于传统社会期待与现代价值追求的冲突,疏解这些压力要全社会共同努力,推进社会性别文化的良性发展,高学历女教师自身也要对自我作理性认知,提高对不同角色的适应能力。      

多媒体英语教学的几点思考

多媒体应用于英语教学,是英语教改的必然趋势,但如何在英语课堂教学中恰如其分地使用好多媒体辅助教学,使之避免流于形式,是一个值得认真探讨的问题。首先要警惕多媒体应用中的种种误区,其次要对多媒体制作和使用的各个环节、过程作细致地分析,不断完善,使之真正起到优化英语教学的作用。     

传统乡村文化觉醒者的价值选择--论20世纪初乡土小说中知识者的"乡村批判"

20世纪初期的中国乡土小说作家,既带着乡村文化的气息,又烙着都市文化的印记.他们以独特的视角回望故乡,以批判的眼光审视着乡村中国,发现它的落后与野蛮,并探寻着其历史和文化根由.随着他们对西方科学、民主思想的接受,加之部分作家对马克思主义的接受,这些乡土小说也传达出了现代知识者对改造乡村中国"贫"与"病"状的方式选择.     

Homosexuality and the Law: The Construction of Wolfenden Homonormativity in 1950s England

ABSTRACT

This article analyses a television broadcast in England in 1957 in response to the Wolfenden Report (Wolfenden, 1957) into homosexuality and prostitution. Here I argue that those participants in the broadcast who are sympathetic with liberal reforms of the legislation on homosexuality utilize discourses related to normality and the public/private domains to discursively construct the Wolfenden homonormative male. In addition, I also show how, particularly through the trope of homonormativity, both the heterosexual and homosexual audiences are interpellated by the discourses exploited within the broadcast as publics whose subjectivities are reconfigured toward Wolfenden homonormativity.     

On the Mean Value Theorem for Estimating Functions

Abstract

Feng et al. revealed that the usual mean value theorem (MVT) should not be applied directly to a vector-valued function (e.g., the score function or a general estimating function under a multiparametric model). This note shows that the application of the Cramer–Wold’s device to a corrected version of the MVT is sufficient to obtain standard asymptotics for the estimators attained from vector-valued estimating functions.     

Demystifying the Integrated Tail Probability Expectation Formula

ABSTRACT

Calculating the expected values of different types of random variables is a central topic in mathematical statistics. Targeted toward students and instructors in both introductory probability and statistics courses and graduate-level measure-theoretic probability courses, this pedagogical note casts light on a general expectation formula stated in terms of distribution and survival functions of random variables and discusses its educational merits. Often consigned to an end-of-chapter exercise in mathematical statistics textbooks with minimal discussion and presented under superfluous technical assumptions, this unconventional expectation formula provides an invaluable opportunity for students to appreciate the geometric meaning of expectations, which is overlooked in most undergraduate and graduate curricula, and serves as an efficient tool for the calculation of expected values that could be much more laborious by traditional means. For students’ benefit, this formula deserves a thorough in-class treatment in conjunction with the teaching of expectations. Besides clarifying some commonly held misconceptions and showing the pedagogical value of the expectation formula, this note offers guidance for instructors on teaching the formula taking the background of the target student group into account.     

A two-stage group sampling plan based on truncated life tests for a general distribution

A two-stage group acceptance sampling plan based on a truncated life test is proposed, which can be used regardless of the underlying lifetime distribution when multi-item testers are employed. The decision upon lot acceptance can be made in the first or second stage according to the number of failures from each group. The design parameters of the proposed plan such as number of groups required and the acceptance number for each of two stages are determined independently of an underlying lifetime distribution so as to satisfy the consumer's risk at the specified unreliability. Single-stage group sampling plans are also considered as special cases of the proposed plan and compared with the proposed plan in terms of the average sample number and the operating characteristics. Some important distributions are considered to explain the procedure developed here.     

Bayesian inference for the randomly censored Weibull distribution

In this paper, we consider the Bayesian inference of the unknown parameters of the randomly censored Weibull distribution. A joint conjugate prior on the model parameters does not exist; we assume that the parameters have independent gamma priors. Since closed-form expressions for the Bayes estimators cannot be obtained, we use Lindley's approximation, importance sampling and Gibbs sampling techniques to obtain the approximate Bayes estimates and the corresponding credible intervals. A simulation study is performed to observe the behaviour of the proposed estimators. A real data analysis is presented for illustrative purposes.