Possible causes of tax evasion

Only a limited number of empirical investigations, into possible causes of tax evasion, have been carried out. Most of these have been conducted since 1970 and they have been carried out in countries other than Australia. Much of the published research was reviewed lo develop a set of hypotheses which were then tested with Australian data. The results of those tests are reported in this article. It appears that several things might influence taxpayer's behaviour and in Australia, the exchange indicator could be one of the important influences.     

An evaluation case: The implementation and evaluation of a problem-solving training program for adolescents

This study recounts the implementation and evaluation of a problem-solving skills training program for adolescents. Sixty-six students from the seventh, eighth, and ninth grades of a local junior high school were identified by guidance counselors as needing problem-solving training—48 male and 18 female students between the ages of 11 and 16. The hypothesis that students included in the training sessions would demonstrate better problem-solving skills, a more internal locus of control, and a higher level of self-esteem than control group students was tested via a pretest-posttest Control Group Design. The results of a stepwise discriminant analysis of the data supported the hypothesis. An analysis of grade level differences indicated that the program had less effect on the seventh-grade training group. Implications for program modification and the limitations of the evaluation findings are discussed.     

刑法第314条若干问题法理之解析

刑法第314条是关于非法处置查封、扣押、冻结的财产罪的规定。针对该罪的罪名、客体、对象、行为、主体、主观方面等问题进行了较为深入的理性解析。     

The impact of family planning programs on fertility in developing countries: A critical evaluation

Controversy surrounds the question: do organized family planning programs produce fertility decline in developing countries that is independent of other causes? Two major conclusions emerge from this critical evaluation of 26 past studies on this question. First, the disparate results are associated with the differential validity of the studies. Second, the fertility declines or variations analyzed were generated mainly be indigenous causes, that is, they would have occurred and the means for bringing them about would have been available without family planning programs. Hence, the programs had little net effect on fertility.     

Simple bounds on availability in a model with unknown life and repair distributions

We take a fresh look at the classic model of a device supported by a single statistically identical spare and provision for repairs, with system failure resulting whenever the currently operating unit fails before the repair of the previously failed unit is completed to allow it to become a spare. The limiting availability A(F,G) of this system depends on the life distribution F and repair time distribution G through α=∫GdF and the expected downtime. In this paper we derive several computable and sharp bounds on A(F,G) when F,G have suitable life distribution characteristics in the sense of reliability theory but are otherwise unknown except for at most two moments. Among other results, we find a sharp bound which involves the MTBF, MTTR and the second moment of the life-distribution of the device through its coefficient of variation. This leads to a maximin result for DFR repairs and DMRL lives.     

研究委员会决议与60年代中期美国对华政策的调整

20世纪 6 0年代中期 ,美国对华政策有所调整。与此同时 ,美国在中国驻联合国代表权问题上的态度也有所松动。学术界对研究委员会决议在中国进入联合国过程中的作用问题尚缺乏研究。建立研究委员会是比利时、意大利等国家率先提出 ,在不得已的情况下美国同意并支持提案 ,这表明了美国在中国驻联合国代表权问题的态度有所松动 ,同时美国以此采取拖延的战术在一定程度上达到了阻止并延缓中国进入联合国的目的。     

College Students and the Diagnosis of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Abstract

Background: When H1N1 emerged in 2009, institutions of higher education were immediately faced with questions about how best to protect their community from the virus, yet limited information existed to help predict student preventive behaviors. Methods: The authors surveyed students at a large urban university in November 2009 to better understand how students perceived their susceptibility to and the severity of H1N1, which preventive behaviors they engaged in, and if policies impacted their preventive health decisions. Results: Preventive health behavior messaging had a mixed impact on students. Students made simple behavior changes to protect themselves from H1N1, especially if they perceived a high personal risk of contracting H1N1. Although policies were instituted to enable students to avoid classes when ill, almost no student self-isolated for the entire duration of their illness. Conclusions: These findings can help inform future decision making in a university setting to best influence preventive health behaviors.     

“N·眼／口”的配同组配及使用差异

“N·眼／口”这一对配同组配可以证明：形式上的配同组配反映语义特征的共性与差异。语义特征共性是配同组配存在的前提,而语义特征差异则决定配同组配存在的价值。“眼”与“口”不同语义特征也影响二者的语法功能,“口”因此具有准方位标属性。