氮磷钾沙配比对药用甘薯西蒙1号植株性状及产量的影响

通过田间及盆栽试验,利用西蒙1号药用甘暑蔓头研究了氮、磷、钾、沙综合因素对其产量的影响。结果表明,氮磷钾沙配配合施用,茎、叶、块根中的总糖含量较对照分别高7.35%、19.70%和18.7%左右,而且鲜薯增产10%左右,最高可达50%以上。其中,钾的作用最大,能使地上部与地下部生长趋于协调,促进块根膨大,而氮肥过多时会造成茎叶旺长致使产量降低。     

Analysis of an addictions treatment system

A treatment system consisting of an assessment/referral service, a detox, a mission, a hospital recovery unit, and three recovery homes was examined using a retrospective client-tracking approach over 1 year. There were 4,187 admissions to the system accounted for by 1,522 individuals; system users tended to be males, unmarried, unemployed, and in their 30s and 40s. The best predictor of readmission to the system after treatment was prior system use. Use patterns and referral data indicated that perceived gatekeepers (i.e., detoxication and assessment services) were not consistently coordinating the system and that more socially stable clients appeared to be more likely to be involved with non-addiction specific services (i.e., medical, general counselling).     

Smoothing spline estimation in varying-coefficient models

Summary.  Smoothing spline estimators are considered for inference in varying-coefficient models with one effect modifying covariate. Bayesian 'confidence intervals' are developed for the coefficient curves and efficient computational methods are derived for computing the curve estimators, fitted values, posterior variances and data-adaptive methods for selecting the levels of smoothing. The efficacy and utility of the methodology proposed are demonstrated through a small simulation study and the analysis of a real data set.     

Evaluation in the community mental health centers program: A bold new reproach?

The Federal Community Mental Health Centers Program (CMHC)-from 1963 to 1981-was heralded as a revolution in mental health care. Championed by many, and severely criticized by others, the actual impact of the program on the nation's mental health remains unclear. The authorization to evaluate the CMHC Program came originally from congressional legislation (PL 90-174), and later from the policies and regulations of NIMH under a series of Federal laws, notably PL 94-63. From 1976-1980, two dominant evaluation strategies were prevalent: funds expended by NIMH each year for studies of CMHC services or program-wide evaluations, and a much larger expenditure by CMHCs to conduct their own, independent evaluations following federal guidelines. As the Center's Program was turned over to the states in the form of block grants (PL 97-35), a group of professionals involved with setting and carrying out federal CMHC evaluation policy of both varieties met in public forum to debate the impact of these two evaluation approaches. While some participants cited gains in evaluation technology and impact upon local management of CMHCs, others found the lack of a coordinated and systematic approach to evaluating the CMHC Program to have been an opportunity missed. The impact of CMHC evaluation efforts are also discussed in terms of their major contribution to the field of evaluation research as a whole.     

Tracing developmental trends in Ira Gordon's programs for children and families

Ira Gordon's work in the area of child and family services is traced for six of his programs according to two main trends: (1) perceptions of families through the years and the changing roles of parents in the education of their children; and (2) curriculum changes in activities brought into homes. Gordon's programs, some being initiated as early as 1966, focused upon parents, infants, toddlers, and school-age children and utilized home visitations as a major intervention strategy. Evidence of successes reported for these programs has shown the impact of early intervention upon children as well as their families, school, and community.