A systems method for the identification of variable service needs of the elderly

Current trends in the aging sector make critical the development of more precision in the policy and decision-making processes. This study explores a strategy for improving service allocation decisions in the aging services area. Two research tools were combined—Delphi and magnitude estimation—to identify the perceptions of key decision makers about the variable service needs of different aging risk groups. The results indicate that such distinctions can be made and can provide the basis of improving several aspects of the allocation process.     

教育管理概念的跨文化语言学辨析

管理和教育管理的概念,在汉英两种语言里,其语词形式及其涵指既有联系又有区别.管理,在汉语里,意指依据某种法则对一定的组织或事情进行管辖和治理以协调各方面的关系进而达到某种目的的行为;在英语里,则既指具体的经营管理活动,又指一般的公共事务活动.教育管理,在汉语里,既指宏观的教育行政活动,又指微观的校务管理活动;在英语里,则主要指对学校教育活动进行具体的经营和对教育的组织领导.     

行政组织变革的行政生态学分析

行政生态学认为,行政组织的变革必须与社会环境相适应。在当前,我国行政组织面临着信息化和全球化的新的行政生态环境,对我国行政组织的职能、结构及管理方式等的变革带来了新的机遇和挑战。但是,也要看到,我国行政组织面临的生态环境与西方国家有很大不同,最重要的一点就是我国社会转型的"二元化"特点,因此,对西方的行政管理范式不能悉数照搬。     

简论20世纪80年代初里根政府的"反环境"政策

20世纪80年代初,罗纳德·里根就任美国总统后推行某种"反环境"政策:通过加强对管制法规的监督与审查和放松环境管制,削减环保机构的预算与编制,任命保守派人士担当环境部门领导职务,将更多环境职责移交给各州和地方政府等措施来倒转70年代的环保政策.里根政府的"反环境"政策有着深刻的历史背景和多方面的成因,它对美国的环境政策与环保事业造成了复杂的后果和影响.     

布什政府对美国中东政策的调整和再调整

"9·11"事件后,布什政府大幅度调整其中东政策.出乎意料的是,调整后的政策给美国制造了许多困难和麻烦,遭到广泛的批评和抵制.美在中东逐步陷入困境.为摆脱困境,布什政府被迫再次调整政策,但又进退两难,无法找到两全之策.     

高校教工精神压力状况及原因分析——基于江苏南京、镇江5所高校的调查

对南京和镇江5所高校教工精神压力基本状况及其来源进行了实证调查,结果显示：高校教工普遍存在精神压力大的问题,压力的主要来源有生活条件差;科研经费、设备、交流机会、信息资料匮乏;教学科研成果的评定缺乏科学的标准和应有的公平;学校组织氛围对教工支持有限等,建议从组织和教工自身角度进行压力管理,提升压力应对水平。     

高校行政管理专业课程体系与教学内容改革分析

目前,我国高校行政管理专业课程体系和教学内容存在仅注重知识的掌握、忽视人文素养的培养等诸多问题。在分析这些问题的基础之上,指出高校行政管理专业课程体系与教学内容改革需要培养和提高人文素养;重视理论课程的同时,又要注重实践环节的安排;既重视定性课程,又要重视定量课程;改革单一的政治学取向和单一管理学取向;专业课程体系设计要有内在联系和逻辑衔接。     

Assigning Students to Groups: A Multi-Criteria Decision Support System Approach*

MCADSS is a multi-criteria allocation decision support system for assisting in the task of allocating students to groups. Based on multiple criteria, MCADSS's goal is to maximize the diversity of members within groups, while minimizing the average differences between groups. The project may be viewed from several perspectives: as a multi-criteria decision-making problem, as a “reverse'’clustering problem, or as a personnel assignment problem. The system is currently being used to allocate M.B.A. students into sections and study teams at The European Institute of Business Administration (INSEAD). This paper describes the rationale for MCADSS, design criteria, system methodology, and application results. It also suggests how this approach could be used for further applications.     

奥巴马政府中东战略中的伊朗政策调整

2009年1月20日巴拉克·奥巴马出任美国新一任总统后,为摆脱美国在中东的战略困境,巩固美国在中东地区的领导地位,对于前任乔治·w·布什政府的伊朗政策进行了调整。鉴于之前美国一味打压伊朗的政策收效甚微,奥巴马政府更加倾向于使用外交手段来处理伊朗问题。由于各种因素的限制,奥巴马政府的伊朗外交处于“有进展、难突破”的状态。本文试就奥巴马政府中东战略中的伊朗政策调整进行分析。     

HOSPITAL ADMINISTRATOR FELT NEEDS FOR INTERORGANIZATIONAL COOPERATION AND ACTUAL COOPERATIVE OUTCOMES BY THEIR HOSPITALS

This paper presents an empirical analysis of the determinants of interorganizational cooperation among hospitals. Hospital administrator felt needs for programs of interhospital cooperation and actual cooperative outcomes by their hospitals are examined. A combination of survey and archival data is used to test several research hypotheses. Results support separating the interorganizational activities of hospitals into those related to medical and those related to ancillary service areas. Felt needs to cooperate in both service areas are influenced by administrators' concerns for hospital autonomy and image in interorganizational relations. Perceived availability of cooperation partners affects felt needs to cooperate only in the area of medical services. Actual levels of cooperative activity in medical services are related to perceived manpower resource scarcity, historical levels of cooperation, and concerns for hospital image in interorganizational relations. In ancillary services, actual levels of cooperation were related to perceived financial resource scarcity, historical levels of cooperation, and perceived availability of cooperation partners. Felt needs to cooperate were not associated with actual cooperative outcomes in either service area. The results contain implications for future research into the decision processes that give rise to interorganizational relationships of cooperation.