Influence of positive development opportunities on student well-being,depression and suicide risk: the New Zealand Youth Health and Well-being Survey 2012

This study explores the association between neighbourhood opportunities for Positive Youth Development (PYD) and adolescent depressive symptoms, well-being and suicide risk. A 2-stage random sample of 8500 students(years 9–13) from 91 high schools from throughout New Zealand was collected in 2012. Analyses were restricted to neighbourhoods with more than 10 students resulting in a final sample of 5191 adolescents within 266 neighbourhoods. Multilevel models linked data from neighbourhoods to individual student data to explore the association between neighbourhood opportunities for PYD and student depressive symptoms, well-being and suicide risk. Neighbourhoods with a high proportion of students involved in activities that help others, attend church groups, or participate in sports teams were associated with significantly increased well-being among students living in these neighbourhoods. No neighbourhood-level measures were found to significantly alter rates of depressive symptoms or suicide risk. Findings suggest that providing neighbourhood opportunities for PYD may enhance adolescent well-being.     

以媒体素养教育促进高校思政信息化的思考

对高校开展媒体素养教育的现状、必要性进行分析,挖掘当前思政教育方面存在的问题,主要包括整体教育水平、教育内容、教育形式等方面,并提出科学有效的措施,力求通过建立媒介素养教育体系、充分利用现有教育资源、发挥校园媒体辅助作用、加强媒介素质理论教育等方式,充分发挥媒介素养教育的重要作用,从而促进高校思政信息化建设提供更大的促进作用。     

Does schooling protect sexual health? The association between three measures of education and STIs among adolescents in Malawi

While multiple studies have documented shifting educational gradients in HIV prevalence, less attention has been given to the effect of school participation and academic skills on infection during adolescence. Using the Malawi Schooling and Adolescent Study, a longitudinal survey that followed 2,649 young people aged 14–17 at baseline from 2007 to 2013, we estimate the effect of three education variables: school enrolment, grade attainment, and academic skills—numeracy and Chichewa literacy—on herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) and HIV incidence using interval-censored survival analysis. We find that grade attainment is significantly associated with lower rates of both HSV-2 and HIV among girls, and is negatively associated with HSV-2 but not HIV among boys. School enrolment and academic skills are not significantly associated with sexually transmitted infections (STIs) for boys or girls in our final models. Efforts to encourage school progression in high-prevalence settings in sub-Saharan Africa could well reduce, or at least postpone, acquisition of STIs.     

青少年违法犯罪的家庭原因探析

青少年犯罪的原因是多方面的,其中特别是家庭因素,对青少年违法犯罪有着非常直接的关系。父母冲突、父母缺陷、破碎家庭、家庭教育方法不当、家庭监管不力、家庭网络环境以及家庭氛围等都会使青少年形成不良个性,甚至走上违法犯罪的道路。     

Depressive Symptoms Among Native and Immigrant Adolescents in Norway: The Role of Gender and Urbanization

The study investigates depressive symptoms among 3,431 adolescents aged 13–15 years. The sample comprises both native Norwegian and immigrant adolescents living in Norway. The main finding of the study is that the level of depressive symptoms is significantly higher among the immigrant adolescents than their Norwegian counterparts. When analysed separately for boys and girls, the difference is still significant for boys. Generally depressive symptoms are significantly higher among girls than among boys. Depressive symptoms, especially in boys, may also be related to the degree of urbanization of the area they live in. In cities, there is a significant difference between native Norwegian and immigrant boys, with immigrant boys having a higher level of depressive symptoms than native Norwegians. The implications for future research about immigrant adolescents and their psychosocial adjustment are discussed.

农民科学素质与生计资本的关系初探——以M县为例

对农民科学素质和生计资本之间的关系进行量化研究的工作在学术界尚属空白.在M县实地调研和相关分析的基础上可以看出该县农民科学素质与五大类生计资本的关系如下:农民的科学素质与人力资本呈中度相关关系;农民的科学素质与自然资本呈负相关关系;农民的科学素质与物质资本和金融资本存在一定正相关关系,但关系较弱;农民的科学素质与社会资本的相关关系不明显.回归分析进一步证明:M县农民科学素质与人力资本和金融资本的关系最为紧密.     

浅析多元文化背景下英美文学课程改革中的文化教育

英美文学课程作为我国高校英语专业的必修课,有着独特的人文学科优势。通过品读包罗万象的英美文学经典,学生不仅可以提高英语语言水平,还可以了解西方国家的历史文化和风土人情,从而提升自身的人文素养。然纵观我国英美文学课程现状,国内多位知名学者认为英美文学课程没有充分发挥培养学生人文素养的功能。笔者根据英美文学的课程特点分析了我国英美文学教育的现状,对于在多元文化背景下如何在课程改革中深化文化教育提出相关建议。     

读写萌发教育理念

人们对幼儿幼儿早期读写的认识经历了以阅读准备为主导的传统认识和以读写萌发为主导新认识两个阶段,目前读写萌发理论在世界范围内是早期读写教育的主导型研究范式。本文介绍了读写萌发的相关概念。把读写萌发理论介绍到我国可以增强我们对于幼儿读写发展的理解,也可以改进我国幼儿读写教育方面的实践,同时汉语背景下读写萌发的研究也有利于丰富读写萌发理论自身。     

大学生媒介素养现状调查与分析——以邯郸市三所高校为例

媒介是一把＂双刃剑＂。在当今信息时代,媒介能否更好地为大学生所用,取决于大学生本身媒介素养的高低。当前,大学生自发生成的媒介素养参差不齐,在承载大学生成才功能上令人担忧。本次调查以邯郸市三所高校的大学生为调查对象,重点从媒介素养包涵的三个层次,即接触、选择、分析和传播信息的基本能力、建构批判意识的防范能力和自觉自律的改善能力来开展调查。在对调查结果进行统计和分析中,我们试图了解当今大学生媒介素养存在的问题,进而为大学生媒介素养的建构和培育,提供可靠的参考依据和行之有效的方法。     

网络环境下学习者外语能力与身份认同关系的探析

从Lam 博士关于学习者在网络环境下建构自身身份认同(identity)的过程里提高外语能力的研究成果出发,探讨了外语能力与身份认同的不可分割性以及对外语教学理念上的影响.外语能力获得的过程同时也是学习者身份认同建构的过程.网络环境下学习者的社会角色得以重构,性格角色得以创建,学习者的主体性得以张扬.网络环境下的沟通为学习者的文本身份和多重认同的呈现提供了广阔的空间,为学习者创建自身文本声音和重塑外语能力提供了可能.