Women and border policing at the edges of Europe

While states around the world have responded to mass mobility by increasing border policing, our knowledge of the daily reality of that form of policing remains limited. How migrant women are policed has been particularly neglected. The political and practical difficulty of examining the context, process and experience of border control practices appears often to be insurmountable. This article contributes to filling some of the gaps in our knowledge by drawing on ethnographic data collected over a 12-month period in Greek immigration detention centres from 2011 to 2012. In it we examine the experience of policing and irregular entry across the Greek Turkey border – an entry-point to Europe that is routinely regarded as being in crisis. As we will demonstrate, border policing at this site is capricious and unpredictable. It is also highly racialised and gendered.     

The healthy immigrant (migrant) effect: In search of a better native-born comparison group

This paper evaluates whether immigrants’ initial health advantage over their U.S.-born counterparts results primarily from characteristics correlated with their birth countries (e.g., immigrant culture) or from selective migration (e.g., unobserved characteristics such as motivation and ambition) by comparing recent immigrants’ health to that of recent U.S.-born interstate migrants (“U.S.-born movers”). Using data from the 1999–2013 waves of the March Current Population Survey, I find that, relative to U.S.-born adults (collectively), recent immigrants have a 6.1 percentage point lower probability of reporting their health as fair or poor. Changing the reference group to U.S.-born movers, however, reduces the recent immigrant health advantage by 28%. Similar reductions in the immigrant health advantage occurs in models estimated separately by either race/ethnicity or education level. Models that examine health differences between recent immigrants and U.S.-born movers who both moved for a new job—a primary motivation behind moving for both immigrants and the U.S.-born—show that such immigrants have only a 1.9 percentage point lower probability of reporting their health as fair or poor. Together, the findings suggest that changing the reference group from U.S.-born adults collectively to U.S.-born movers reduces the identified immigrant health advantage, indicating that selective migration plays a significant role in explaining the initial health advantage of immigrants in the United States.     

三峡工程农村移民安置的途径与政策建议

三峡库区 4 0多万农村移民的安置是整个三峡工程移民的重点和难点。三峡工程移民安置规划由于过分乐观地估计了三峡库区土地安置容量和二、三产业吸纳农村移民的能力 ,致使库区移民安置密度过大 ,移民问题逐渐显露和严重 ,成为库区社会稳定的重要隐患。三峡库区经济落后 ,交通不便 ,二、三产业欠发达以及移民素质偏低的现实迫使农村移民转向大农业安置。然而 ,三峡库区人多地少、生态环境脆弱 ,开发土地资源必然会加剧水土流失和生态环境的恶化。基于上述因素 ,本文提出了三峡工程农村移民实行以土为本和外迁安置相结合的原则及相应的政策建议     

从考古材料看三峡移民的历史

从将近二十多年三峡地区文物考古发掘的资料分析、归纳三峡古代移民的历史,结合文献材料阐述了古代移民的原因及特点,特别是联系三峡工程与三峡移民实践,阐释了古今移民的区别与当代移民的创新,从而总结出人类发展史就是一部移民史.     

Community-based approaches to social exclusion among rural-to-urban migrants in China

Rural-to-urban migrants in China face numerous forms of social exclusion. This article argues that community-based approaches offer innovative ways with which to tackle the problems of social exclusion for rural-to-urban migrants, yet these approaches have been neglected. This article first provides an overview of the concept of social exclusion, as developed by Western European scholarship and policy discourse. Next, it examines the ways in which these concepts are relevant to the context of rural-to-urban migrants within China. Finally, this article conceptualizes the social exclusion paradigm from a community practice perspective and offers the implications of this paradigm for community-level interventions.     

汉源县城迁复建项目管理的启示

汉源县城建设项目是移民迁复建项目,在迁建过程中存在规划调整、设计成果不衔接、擅自提高设计标准、实施与规划不一致、实施组织混乱、施工质量低劣等问题,其原因是主要领导的频繁更替使安置思路的连续性受到影响,缺乏有效的设计协调和项目管理计划,前期选择的施工队伍能力低下,监理机构工作不力等.基于上述情况,提出采用设计总承包协调各设计单位工作、提高设计质量,加强项目前期策划工作,制定切实可行的项目管理计划和实施组织计划,促进施工管理的科学化、规范化,实行施工总承包模式,简化地方政府管理难度,保证施工质量的建议.这些建议对于移民迁建中的重大项目具有普遍的借鉴意义.     

农民工融入社区的身份认同研究——以长春市D社区为例

以社区“场域”内的农民工、社区居民、社区管理者为立足点，通过对长春市D社区的个案调查，结果发现，无论是主观的自我身份认同还是客观的社会定位都表明农民工的身份认同陷入了一种进退两难的尴尬状态。其根源在于城乡户籍制所造成的身份分类、利益冲突与文化隔阂。     

中国工程外迁移民置换安置模式的审视——以江苏省大丰市移民安置点为个案

本文以三峡外迁移民安置试点单位大丰市为个案,在前文分析的基础上,从外在条件制约、旧房纠纷、跟踪监督机制、移民对象要求等方面,对“选购旧房安居、置换土地生产”的安置模式作了认真的检讨,以使我们在认识和运用置换安置模式时有一清醒的头脑。     

少数民族地区水利水电工程移民问题探讨

西部少数民族地区是我国水利水电开发的重点区域。少数民族地区移民的特殊性对移民安置的实施提出了挑战。综合利用文献和田野经验,在梳理少数民族地区移民安置主要研究领域的同时,分析了研究的前沿科学问题。已有研究主要围绕少数民族地区移民的搬迁补偿、移民安置、移民适应、移民融合等问题。后续研究中,需要关注少数民族人地关系与生计、少数民族宗教信仰与文化习俗及其恢复补偿、少数民族移民可持续发展研究等。     

水库移民贫困成因与反贫困策略： 基于文献的讨论

水库移民贫困威胁社会的稳定与发展 , 尤其是介入性贫困 , 它是诱发社会矛盾与冲突的导 火索 。 文章系统梳理了水库移民贫困成因及反贫困策略的相关研究 , 认为水库移民生计遭到破坏 、 贫困移民的文化贫困和观念落后 、“ 以失定补 ” 补偿方式的局限 、 水库移民存在权利贫困等是水库 移民贫困的主要成因 , 政府部门 、 水库移民社区 、 水库移民自身以及其他社会资源的有效配合可以 缓解水库移民贫困 。 但既有研究对如何精准化扶持贫困移民研究较少 , 鲜见将水库移民社区发展 与扶贫结合起来 、 水库移民社区社会关系网络对精准识别移民贫困户以及水库移民社区发展对减 贫作用等方面的研究 。 未来研究应更多地探讨水库移民社区发展 、 水库移民自身能力发展 、 非营利 性组织等其他社会资源对水库移民减贫的作用 , 特别是探讨政府部门如何解决已安置的水库移民 的贫困问题 、 如何完善水库移民补偿与征地政策以及如何实现在水库移民搬迁安置时就能够解决 贫困问题 , 使 “ 介入性贫困 ” 不发生或尽量减少 。