Assessing low‐income African‐American pre‐schoolers' behaviour problems in relationship to community violence,inter‐partner conflict,parenting, informal social support and social skills

This study examined the relations among community violence exposure, inter‐partner conflict and informal social support and the behaviour problems of pre‐schoolers, and explored how mothers' parenting skills and children's social skills may mediate the child outcomes associated with such exposure. Participants were 185 African‐American mothers and female caregivers of Head Start children who completed study measures in a structured interview. Path analyses revealed that greater inter‐partner conflict was associated with more internalizing and externalizing child behaviour problems. Positive parenting was associated with fewer internalizing and externalizing behaviours. Higher levels of child social skills were associated with fewer internalizing and externalizing behaviour problems. Child social skills fully mediated the relationship between community violence and externalizing behaviours as well as between informal support and externalizing behaviours. Social skills partially mediated the relationships between positive parenting and externalizing behaviours. No mediating effect was found on the relationships between inter‐partner conflict and child behaviour problems. Implications of the findings for intervention and future research are discussed.     

Performing blackness,forming whiteness: Linguistic minstrelsy in Hollywood film1

The ideological and indexical aspects of linguistic representation have been extensively examined in contemporary sociolinguistics both through investigations of language crossing in everyday interaction and through analyses of mediatized linguistic performances. Less well understood are the indexical meanings achieved when language crossing itself becomes the focus of linguistic representation. One prominent instance of this phenomenon is the use of African American English by European American actors in Hollywood films as part of what is argued to be a complex language‐based form of blackface minstrelsy. As mock language, linguistic minstrelsy in such films involves sociolinguistic processes of deauthentication, maximizing of intertextual gaps, and indexical regimentation of the performed language, but unlike earlier forms of minstrelsy these performances are typically problematized within the films as transgressions of the ideology of racial essentialism. In the two films analyzed in detail in the article, linguistic minstrelsy is shown both to reproduce and to undermine the symbolic dominance of hegemonic white masculinity.     

大革命时期湖南农民接受马克思主义的理论路径及现实启示

大革命时期,中国共产党在马克思主义的指导下领导湖南农民开展了轰轰烈烈的农民运动,湖南成为全国农民运动的中心。在农民运动中中国共产党把自己的政治主张与农民的切身利益相结合,通过农会、学校、供销社、骨干党员宣传等途径使农民接受共产党的领导并接受马克思主义。然而,随着大革命的失败,湖南农民运动受挫,使党认识到必须坚持党对军事运动和农民运动的领导、针对大众实际开展工作、注重政治宣传和骨干的培养。     

二战与美国外交政治地位的强化

第二次世界大战的形成发展过程与法西斯的兴起和灭亡有着最直接的必然联系。法西斯的兴起使罗斯福新政这个看似纯粹国内的调整改革 ,没有也不可能摆脱国际事务、国际形势及其发展的影响。美国全面参战后 ,国内的政治状况就开始完全从属于国外反法西斯战争的需要。经过战争 ,法西斯遭到了彻底的失败和灭亡 ,国际格局因之发生重大变化 ,美国的实力也大大膨胀 ,这使美国外交在国内政治整体构架中的地位得到强化。     

泰华宗亲社团及其在20世纪60年代以来勃兴的原因——以泰国郑氏宗亲总会为例

本文以泰国郑氏宗亲总会为例,利用该会《会讯》的第一手资料,对２０世纪６０年代后的泰华社会进行研究,指出,当国际情势发生重大变化之后,泰华社会面对身份认同危机和固有文化失落的焦虑,导致宗亲团体的勃兴。     

主导力：1990年代美国经济持续增长的关键所在

美国经济的主导力以信息产业为龙头,辅之以符合美国利益的种种贸易、投资规则,从科技、投资、贸易和金融等领域对世界经济施加巨大的影响。主导力形成的先发优势为美国带来了巨大的利益,其中最主要的表现是促成了1990年代美国经济的持续增长。     

美国高等教育质量保障体系透视——出席“马里兰-安徽大学校长论坛”收获点滴

美国高等教育质量举世公认,其中一个保障条件是有充足的资金投入。但深入考察不难发现,问题决不仅仅这样简单。实际上,真正促进美国高等教育质量持续改进的,是美国高等院校为保障教学质量构筑的成熟完善的立体化网络体系。     

中国环境文学的构建——以欧美环境文学为比照

把当代中国文学作为一个整体与欧美文学相比较,可以发现当代中国文学中环境文学的失语。当代中国文学没有形成环境文学的整体体系与文学类别,但是挖掘其未来发展的基础与因子,可以找到构建当代中国环境文学的土壤与途径。本文从文学评论、作家创作、作品主题、读者群体四个方面提出了建构中国当代环境文学的相关对策。     

战时美国经济援华与中美“特殊关系”的形成

抗战时期关国对华经济援助是美国援华体系的重要环节,它在援助力度与援助性质上随着远东战局的发展和美日矛盾的激化经历了一个变化的过程,这一过程正与美国对华政策日趋积极和国民政府的外交重点转向美国有着密切的互动关系,表明战时中关“特殊关系”已在事实上建立起来。     

尼克松政府与中国在联合国的代表权问题——围绕安理会席位问题的美台交涉

1971年初,尼克松政府改变历届美国政府坚决反对中国加入联合国的立场,采纳了“双重代表权”提案。围绕这一提案中所涉及的安理会席位问题,美台之间进行了三轮交涉。最终,台湾同意放弃安理会席位。