主体神话·家园想象·幻灭--生态批评视域中的《美国牧歌》*

美国当代小说家菲利普·罗斯于20世纪末创作的《美国牧歌》刻画了主人公塞莫尔·利沃夫主体神话及家园想象的幻灭，揭示塞莫尔悲剧性命运的根源在于脱离现实的主体价值的构建。主体价值优先是人类中心主义思想在人类社会生活层面的表现，作品因此批判了主体神话的虚幻性和主体伦理的狭隘性，赋予了《美国牧歌》以社会生态和精神生态层面上的深刻意义。     

漫长的旅程 注定的悲剧——以拉康的精神分析理论解读《最漫长的旅程》里基·艾略特的命运

本文从拉康的精神分析理论出发,对福斯特的自传体小说<最漫长的旅程>中主人公里基的人生轨迹进行剖析,里基在成长过程中所遭遇的父爱的缺失和俄狄浦斯情结,导致了他对自我的迷失和独立行动能力的丧失.他对逝去母亲的依恋和病态的想像与混淆使他无法认同自我和建立正常的人际关系.他将生活中的一切事物如剑桥、妻子和兄弟都幻想成了母亲的化身.他以牺牲自己的生命换取了母亲的生命线的延续.他对母亲的回归被证明是一次最乏味最漫长的旅程,其结果唯有自我消亡.     

Partially balanced incomplete block designs with two associate classes

We provide constructions of cyclic 2-class PBIBD's using cyclotomy in finite fields. Our results give theoretical explanations of the two sporadic examples given by Agrawal (1987).     

Statistical mining of interesting association rules

This article utilizes stochastic ideas for reasoning about association rule mining, and provides a formal statistical view of this discipline. A simple stochastic model is proposed, based on which support and confidence are reasonable estimates for certain probabilities of the model. Statistical properties of the corresponding estimators, like moments and confidence intervals, are derived, and items and itemsets are observed for correlations. After a brief review of measures of interest of association rules, with the main focus on interestingness measures motivated by statistical principles, two new measures are described. These measures, called α- and σ-precision, respectively, rely on statistical properties of the estimators discussed before. Experimental results demonstrate the effectivity of both measures.     

Gender and Moral Reasoning

Abstract

Social work interventions for youths should be based on understanding how youths think about important issues in their lives. This study assesses the moral reasoning of 43 urban, low-income African American seventh graders in response to questions about how to handle dating dilemmas. Responses to videotaped dating situations were analyzed using qualitative methods to distinguish between justice and care perspectives. The majority of responses from both genders came from the justice perspective. Girls gave more responses that reflected care and combined justice and care perspectives. Boys were less skillful in communicating and tended to focus on negative consequences. Culture and social class appeared to play important roles in moral reasoning.     

Joseph Lancaster in America

Applying a consistent historical theme throughout a social studies course is an effective long-term planning strategy that can promote student engagement, retention of information, and contextualized knowledge of history's continuity and change. This article demonstrates how one such theme, power and liberty, might be incorporated into a secondary American history course. Teachers should introduce the theme early in the course using questions designed to help the students define and understand the parameters of power and liberty as a lens through which the past might be viewed. A subsequent and repeated application of consistent scaffolding questions to events in American history promotes the analysis of how those events changed the balance of power and liberty for individuals and various groups in society. Armed with this contextualized knowledge, students can then apply the theme of power and liberty as another approach to the examination of current events in American society.     

犹太移民在美国社会中的特性分析(英文)

犹太人的历史就是移民的历史.此论文主要阐述1880年到1924年期间犹太人移民美国后融入美国社会并确立美国犹太人在教育、经济和宗教方面的独特性.     

An Emergent Phenomenon of American Indian Secondary Students’ Career Development Process

Nine single‐race American Indian secondary students’ career development experiences were examined through a phenomenological methodology. All 9 participants were in the transition period starting in late secondary school (age 18). Data sources included individual interviews and journal analysis. The phenomenon of American Indian secondary students’ career development process comprised 7 themes, which were integrated into 3 interacting dimensions: introspective, relational, and contextual. Findings reveal unique career development processes for American Indian secondary students living in tribal settings, including career decision process, career options, outcome expectations, and self‐efficacy. Implications for school counselors and counselor educators are discussed.     

经济刺激计划的负面效应分析——以美国为样本

在经济萧条时,经济刺激计划对于避免震荡、稳定市场、恢复信心、促进增长有重要作用。但当经济止跌企稳时,经济刺激计划要适时退出,否则会带来政府财政负担加大,赤字增加,潜在通货膨胀压力加大,财政政策的挤出效应,助长道德风险和逆市场化改革等一系列负外部效应。以美国为例,分析美国经济救援和经济刺激计划的负外部效应,从而提出对中国四万亿经济刺激计划实施的反思与启示。