The effects of social and political openness on the welfare state in 18 OECD countries

Studies examining the relationship between globalisation and the welfare state tend to focus on the effects of economic dimensions of globalisation, the extent to which a country is part of the world market. Globalisation also has social and political dimensions and the effects of these on welfare states – in terms of social security transfers and generosity – are studied in this article. Data from the KOF Index of Globalisation , the OECD Historical Statistics and the Comparative Welfare Entitlements Dataset are used to analyse the effects of social and political openness on the welfare states of 18 countries of the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development between 1970 and 2000. The analyses show that social security transfers and generosity have increased less in countries with the highest increase in social openness and that the welfare state is not affected by political openness.     

美英日三国公共财政法律体系及其特点

市场经济发达国家公共财政框架的一个突出特点就是它的法制基础十分完善。尽管各个国家的政治、社会、经济、文化、历史等方面存在着差异,但其共同点是整个公共财政管理框架建立在坚实的法律基础之上,政府财政收支活动的每一个环节都做到了有法可依。了解美国、英国和日本等典型国家财政法制建设的经验,对于研究构筑我国公共财政法律体系框架的思路,无疑是十分有益的。     

EFFECTS OF INTERNET USE AND SOCIAL RESOURCES ON CHANGES IN DEPRESSION

We examine how people's different uses of the Internet predict their later scores on a standard measure of depression, and how their existing social resources moderate these effects. In a longitudinal US survey conducted in 2001 and 2002, almost all respondents reported using the Internet for information, and entertainment and escape; these uses of the Internet had no impact on changes in respondents' level of depression. Almost all respondents also used the Internet for communicating with friends and family, and they showed lower depression scores six months later. Only about 20 percent of this sample reported using the Internet to meet new people and talk in online groups. Doing so changed their depression scores depending on their initial levels of social support. Those having high or medium levels of social support showed higher depression scores; those with low levels of social support did not experience these increases in depression. Our results suggest that individual differences in social resources and people's choices of how they use the Internet may account for the different outcomes reported in the literature.     

异化及其扬弃——当前思想政治教育面临的困境与专业社会工作的启示

思想政治教育的异化使教育已经不是一种心力合一的过程,受教育者已经不能从中学到东西.产生这种异化的原因是:思想政治教育本质的改变,社会价值与个人价值相分离,单向强制灌输,教育内容上的滞后.要走出思想政治教育的困境,从专业社会工作的视角出发,对价值取向、育人关系、育人手段、工作者角色等几方面进行思考.     

权力的特性及其要义

权力是一种社会关系。某个主体能够运用其拥有的资源,对他人发生强制性的影响力、控制力,促使或强迫对方按权力者的意志和价值标准作为或不作为,此即权力。法的本质内容主要是自由、权利与权力这三个基本元素构成的,其中权力是法自由和法权利的支柱。权力这个范畴在法学上受到重视,始于近代权力分立理论的启蒙和现代公法的发展,特别是政府职能的扩大,行政权力的无所不在。没有无权力的法。也不容许非法的权力。     

当前我国社会信仰危机及重建之路

随着改革开放带来的社会巨大转型,我国社会出现了信仰危机,具体表现为价值迷惘、道德失范、理想幻灭以及封建迷信卷土重来和各类宗教、半宗教的乘虚而入。针对社会信仰危机产生的原因,信仰的重建必须营造良好的社会环境,并在坚持马克思主义信仰主导地位的同时,兼容其他有益的社会信仰,最终促进社会主义和谐社会的建设。     

The Contribution of NPOs to Family Policy Formulation in EU Member and Applicant States

This paper examines the role of nonprofit organizations (NPOs) in the process of family policy formulation in eight member states and three applicant states of the European Union. Drawing upon interviews with representatives from the nonprofit sector, the author argues that the experiences of NPOs in family policy-making vary considerably between countries because of the way state–nonprofit relations operate. Social origins theory illustrates why these variations exist by pointing to broad societal influences on the nonprofit sector, but new empirical evidence presented here suggests that, in a particular policy field, other factors, such as the significance of the field on policy agendas, the strength of one particular organization in a specific cultural context, party ideology, and financial viability of the NPO, shape the role of organizations in the formulation of policies     

社会性别:女性主义文学的基点

女性主义文学的内涵及其特点都是基于社会性别 ,从长远的斗争目标来看 ,女权主义要用“关怀”代替“平等”这个口号 ,并在此基础上 ,形成一种新的“女性写作”。     

从系统的视角看构建社会主义和谐社会

从系统的视角看,构建社会主义和谐社会是一项复杂的系统工程。社会主义和谐社会是一种远离平衡态的稳定有序的社会系统状态,社会和谐的系统评价必须体现系统减熵增序的认识原则,构建社会主义和谐社会就是要建立健全和整合协调各种社会机制,以推动社会系统向更加有序和稳定的方向发展。     

论杂志在社会转型期的责任——新闻史上的黑幕揭发运动引发的思考

19世纪末20世纪初,一批作家和杂志记者通过“黑幕揭发”在美国发起一场旨在揭露社会腐败现象的新闻报道和文学创作运动。这场运动促进了处于转型期美国社会的全面变革,同时杂志业也迅速崛起与发展。今天的中国也在经历着社会转型,遇到了黑幕揭发作品所揭露的社会问题,黑幕揭发运动对于当代中国杂志的发展仍具有启示意义。