论大学生就业指导的“三维联动”

高校大学生就业指导工作效果不佳的重要原因之一,是没有真正使高校内部的教育资源得到有效整合,也没有使学校、家庭、社会等因素的联动作用得以充分发挥,这就必须改革陈旧的“短期促销”、“临阵磨枪”的就业指导模式,努力改变就业指导内容狭窄、形式单一的状况,积极地构建高校学生就业指导合力,充分实现大学生就业指导的“三维联动”。     

魏晋之际的党派分野和士族升降——以淮南三叛中的太原士族群为中心

中古各阶段的士族并非全然相同,既有世代传承,也有升降浮沉.阶层流动的趋势随着政局的急剧变化而日益加剧,士族内部的升降途径呈现戏剧性.社会动荡、权力争衡乃至集团斗争中士族的政治动向,决定该家族在新建王朝中的社会声望和政治地位.亡魏成晋过程中曹马集团的对抗,士族群体出现三种政治分野:叛曹亲马的家族如太原孙氏、晋阳王氏;亲曹反马的家族如祁县王氏、太原令狐氏;在曹马之间徘徊观望的如太原郭氏.太原郭氏的政治态度由亲曹反马到骑墙观望再到叛曹亲马,具有典型性.魏晋时期太原士族的变迁实态,代表朝代更替之际阶层流动的普遍特征.     

美国农场家庭收入差异及因素分析

本文根据年销售额对美国家庭农场进行分类,从农场现金总收入及组成、农场财务业绩、家庭收入来源及水平、政府补贴等方面对美国家庭农场收入进行了量化分析,得出了不同类型家庭农场在收入的各个层面均存在明显差异的结论,并对引起差异的因素进行分析。     

我国城镇化进程中家庭、学校与社会教育关系的失序与消解

农村教育承担着促进“人的城镇化”之重任,需通过横向互补和纵向有序的共谐结构体系来保障。农村城镇化进程中家庭、学校及社会教育处于一种“失序”状态,其结构功能、目的意识呈现出萎缩与非自觉,造成农村中小学生学习过程“压迫”、农村社会成员生命生活“物化”、农村传统文化精神价值颓废等危害。为消除这些危害,提升城镇化进程中农村教育的效益性,有必要采取分合位育：注重农村家庭、学校、社会教育结构的互补性;以人为本：凸显农村家庭、学校、社会教育实践的人性化;上下结合：加强农村家庭、学校、社会教育改革的草根化等策略措施。     

Interactive Hazards Education Program for Youth in a Low SES Community: A Quasi‐Experimental Pilot Study

A pilot study of an interactive hazards education program was carried out in Canberra (Australia), with direct input from youth participants. Effects were evaluated in relation to youths’ interest in disasters, motivation to prepare, risk awareness, knowledge indicators, perceived preparedness levels, planning and practice for emergencies, and fear and anxiety indicators. Parents also provided ratings, including of actual home‐based preparedness activities. Using a single group pretest‐posttest with benchmarking design, a sample of 20 youths and their parents from a low SES community participated. Findings indicated beneficial changes on a number of indicators. Preparedness indicators increased significantly from pre‐ to posttest on both youth (p < 0.01) and parent ratings (p < 0.01). Parent ratings reflected an increase of just under six home‐based preparedness activities. Youth knowledge about disaster mitigation also was seen to increase significantly (p < 0.001), increasing 39% from pretest levels. While personalized risk perceptions significantly increased (p < 0.01), anxiety and worry levels were seen either not to change (generalized anxiety, p > 0.05) or to reduce between pre‐ and posttest (hazards‐specific fears, worry, and distress, ps ranged from p < 0.05 to < 0.001). In terms of predictors of preparedness, a number of variables were found to predict posttest preparedness levels, including information searching done by participants between education sessions. These pilot findings are the first to reflect quasi‐experimental outcomes for a youth hazards education program carried out in a setting other than a school that focused on a sample of youth from a low SES community.     

Family violence laws: Traditional narratives and the (in)visibility of lesbian relationships and lesbian-parented families

Abstract

Feminist advocacy and activism over the last 40 years broke historic ground in shining a light on “domestic” or “family” violence, traditionally conceptualized as male violence against female intimate partners and their children. This has resulted in a large body of research, particularly in the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, and similar jurisdictions, around the gendered nature of family violence and violence within heterosexual relationships and heterosexual-parented families. As a consequence, the predominant narrative—in political, policy, and advocacy settings—is largely heteronormative. Less research has focused on family violence in non-heterosexual relationships. The data that do exist have employed different methodological approaches and there are limitations on the extent to which they can be compared to the data on violence within heterosexual relationships. However, the existing research does demonstrate that family violence within lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and intersex (LGBTI) communities is a significant issue. Even so, the current narrative does not acknowledge this, and predominantly reflects heterosexual norms of intimate relationships and family structures in society. LGBTI relationships are described as “invisible” in policy and practice responses to family violence, due to the failure to acknowledge violence in such communities. This article explores these claims in relation to lesbian relationships in the context of Australian legislative responses to family violence. It considers the extent to which family violence laws in two Australian jurisdictions recognize and frame lesbian identity in intimate relationships and lesbian-parented families. This is considered in light of the emerging conceptualization of family violence in lesbian relationships and lesbian-parented families, as evidenced by the wider scholarly literature on the nature and dynamics of such violence.     

Migration Decisions of Dual-earner Families: An Application of Multilevel Modeling

A comprehensive framework for guiding analyses of internal migration is lacking. This study contributes to the family migration literature in three important ways. We develop a multilevel theoretical framework emphasizing an integration of individual-, family-, and neighborhood-level effects; introduce multilevel statistical modeling; and explicitly assess how effects of economic-based explanatory variables vary by gender. Our data are from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID). We find that the likelihood of a family migrating is affected by economic and non-economic factors, some of which vary by gender. We add to the dual-earner migration literature by finding that wives are not likely to be tied-movers, but husbands are likely to be tied-stayers. Neighborhood factors also are important to the decision to migrate.

论全球化时代的阿拉伯妇女问题

本文以2002～2005年的《阿拉伯国家人类发展报告》为基础,分析了阿拉伯国家长期落后的主要原因.作者认为,男女平等是构建民主社会的基本条件,处于全球化时代的阿拉伯国家之所以社会发展严重滞后,主要是因为阿拉伯妇女问题没有得到妥善解决.此外,作者还就如何解决阿拉伯妇女问题提出了建议.     

The effect of paid maternity leave on low-income families' welfare use in the US

Despite the critical role that paid maternity leave can assume in the economic lives of low-income families, research to date has paid insufficient attention to whether paid maternity leave reduces welfare use for low-income families. Using the Current Population Survey (CPS) March Supplement 2007–2014 with the difference-in-difference (DiD) technique, this study finds a significant policy effect of paid maternity leave on reducing the probability of using Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF), TANF benefit amounts and TANF participation length. This study confirms that paid maternity leave is likely to prevent low-income families from using welfare during job interruptions stemming from the birth of a child. Given that TANF is often associated with negative political and social connotations, paid maternity leave can be used as an important social policy to improve economic security as well as offer empowerment in overall social standing for low-income mothers. The discussion focuses on the implications of the findings in a broader context of American welfare states.