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91.
Jane S. Wimmer M. Elizabeth Vonk Patrick Bordnick 《Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal》2009,26(4):351-360
The purpose of this preliminary investigation was to examine the effectiveness of attachment therapy for adopted children
diagnosed with Reactive Attachment Disorder (RAD). Although attachment therapy is widely utilized in the practice community,
outcomes of such therapy have not been well documented. In this study a pretest–posttest one-group design was used with a
sample of 24 adopted children who received attachment therapy from trained, licensed therapists. Therapy was funded by the
Georgia Office of Adoptions under a contract with a non-profit adoptive parent advocacy group which provided training of therapists
and direct services to families. RAD was measured with the Randolph Attachment Disorder Questionnaire (RADQ), Third Edition;
functional impairment was measured with the Child and Adolescent Functional Assessment Scale (CAFAS). Statistically significant
decreases in scores on the RADQ and CAFAS from pretests to posttests indicate improvement for the children who received therapy.
In spite of methodological limitations, the current study adds to the limited knowledge about effective treatment for RAD. 相似文献
92.
Mary Dozier Oliver Lindhiem Erin Lewis Johanna Bick Kristin Bernard Elizabeth Peloso 《Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal》2009,26(4):321-332
Young children who enter foster care experience disruptions in care and maltreatment at a point when maintaining attachment
relationships is a key, biologically based task. In previous research, we have found that young children experience challenges
as they form attachments with new caregivers. They tend to push their new caregivers away, even though such children are especially
in need of nurturing care. Further, many caregivers do not respond in nurturing ways when their children are distressed, which
we have found is problematic for young children in foster care. We developed an intervention that is designed to help caregivers
provide nurturance even when children do not elicit it, and even when it does not come naturally to them. This paper presents
preliminary findings of the effectiveness of this intervention on children’s attachment behaviors. Forty-six children were
randomly assigned to either the experimental intervention or to an educational intervention. For three consecutive days, attachment
behaviors were reported across three distress-eliciting situations. Children whose parents had received the experimental intervention
showed significantly less avoidance than children whose parents had received the educational intervention. These preliminary
results suggest that the intervention is successful in helping children develop trusting relationships with new caregivers. 相似文献
93.
Michelle Robison Sandra L. Lindaman Mary Pat Clemmons Karen Doyle-Buckwalter Marcia Ryan 《Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal》2009,26(4):291-306
This article chronicles a seriously disturbed adopted adolescent’s experience in an attachment focused residential program at which the primary treatment was Theraplay®. Adopted at age four following significant abuse and neglect, Tom lived in institutions for 5 years before participating in Chaddock’s Developmental Trauma and Attachment Program (DTAP). He now resides successfully in the home of therapeutic foster parents. Theraplay treatment directly meets attachment needs through adult-guided, highly positive, engaging and nurturing interactions to change the child’s working models of attachment and to develop affect regulation. Theraplay was especially useful with this adolescent who was born addicted and who had little ability to participate in insight oriented therapy. Topics include adolescence and attachment, Theraplay theory, process and applications, and the DTAP milieu and treatment program. This case study demonstrates that it is possible to improve the outcome for adolescent development by directly meeting the adolescent’s attachment needs through the Theraplay model. 相似文献
94.
The goal of this research was to test the predictive ability of attachment styles and dysfunctional relational communication patterns to predict adults’ relationship status (i.e., single/partnered and ever-married/ever-divorced). Anxious and avoidant attachment styles and dysfunctional relational communication patterns (i.e., criticism, defensiveness, contempt, stonewalling) were predictors of relationship status in 413 adults who participated in an online survey. The results indicated that anxious and avoidant attachment styles significantly predicted both history of divorce and single versus partnered relationship status. The dysfunctional communication patterns did not explain a great deal of variance in relationship history and status above and beyond insecure attachment, although dysfunctional communication was significantly and consistently associated with insecure attachment. These results indicate that some of the individual characteristics that generate a risk for divorce might also pose a barrier to repartnering after a divorce. 相似文献
95.
Rachel M. Diamond Andrew S. Brimhall Kosha D. Bramesfeld 《Journal of divorce & remarriage》2017,58(1):64-81
Although trust is an integral part of marriage, there is comparatively little research detailing how it develops between spouses. How trust develops and is maintained might differ between first and second marriages. This study used qualitative and quantitative reports from individuals in a first marriage (n = 353) or second marriage following divorce (n = 163) to examine how past relationships influenced current trust. Qualitative results provided evidence for how trust processes were developed in remarried versus first-married individuals. Quantitative analyses were used to validate these results. Clinical implications are provided to help clinicians address issues related to trust between spouses. 相似文献
96.
Research has shown that adults who sexually offend frequently report perpetrating a sexual offense for the first time during childhood/adolescence; therefore in this preliminary study, we examine the possible covariates related to offending sexually in adolescents. For this study, 62 incarcerated adolescents at a correctional facility in Alabama completed self-report questionnaires regarding demographic information, internalizing/externalizing behavior problems, attachment, and affect regulation. The results of this study indicate that attachment is related to internalizing and externalizing behaviors, as well as, both adaptive affect regulation and maladaptive affect regulation. Through path analyses, this study was the first to test and find that affect regulation ability mediated the relationship between attachment and externalizing behavior; however, it did not mediate the relationship between attachment and internalizing behavior. Interestingly, maladaptive affect regulation appeared to have a stronger influence on problem behaviors than adaptive affect regulation for these adolescents. The findings from this study could help professionals identify more successful therapeutic interventions for these adolescents and consequently prevent later sexual offending and further negative, individual or societal outcomes. 相似文献
97.
申端锋 《中国农业大学学报(社会科学版)》2014,31(1):63-69
财政下乡是近代以来国家政权建设的一项基本命题。文章基于财政社会学的视角,在国家政权建设的框架下,总结了基层财政转型的三种模式,即汲取—政府强制模式、积累—政社一体模式、惠农—政府自主模式,打破了学界对财政转型的线性思考,即从税收国家走向预算国家的欧洲经验。我国基层财政建设不能简单照搬西方现代预算制度,必须在国家政权建设的宏观框架下,对财政合法性建设给予历史的、具体的理解。基层财政建设的当务之急是要强化公众参与,将群众路线落到实处,重新赢得广大人民群众的信任。 相似文献
98.
At 13 and 20 months, infants' featural knowledge of self and parent was assessed separately with mother and father. Infants' featural knowledge was measured by a scale that included tasks reflecting infants' knowledge of facial features, spatial location, name, possession and gender. No significant relation between attachment status and featural knowledge was obtained at 13 months when tested with either parent. At 20 months, in contrast, more complex featural knowledge of self and parent was demonstrated by infants who were securely attached than by those who were insecurely attached. Independent of age, however, infants' featural knowledge of their mothers was more complex than that of their fathers, although no differences in self-knowledge were obtained as a function of parent gender. These data are understood in the context of cognitive development and the differences in interactional qualities assessed by attachment status and parent gender. 相似文献
99.
Themes of violence and caring in the spontaneous play of preschool-aged children in response to a revised version of the Attachment Story Completion Task (Bretherton, Ridgeway, & Cassidy, 1990) were analyzed in relation to their social behavior in child-care settings. All children (n = 66, 39 boys) lived in post-divorce families, primarily in the custody of their mothers. Some story enactments of violence predicted negative social behavior in child-care for both boys and girls. Other story enactments were strongly associated with gender and did not uniformly predict social behavior, suggesting that gender socialization plays a significant role in children's play representations of violence and caring. Implications for children's development and the interpretation of children's play behavior are discussed. 相似文献
100.
Susan A. Cole Ph.D. 《Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal》2005,22(5-6):441-457
This study reports the results of the effects of types of caregiver motivation to foster parent on the security of attachment
of infants in care. Using the Motivations for Foster Parenting Inventory and the Ainsworth Strange Situation Procedure, the
differences in motivation of kin and non-kin caregivers and the effects of motivation on security of attachment of 46 infants
is reported. Result found that motivations to foster, such as the desire to increase family size, and social concern for the
community, were significant predictors for secure attachment; while reasons for fostering such as spiritual expression, adoption,
and replacement of a grown child, were predictors of insecure attachment. Research and practice implications are discussed.
Susan A. Cole is an Assistant Professor, School of Social Work, University of Illinois-Urbana-Champaign. 相似文献