我国民法中的法律拟制与注意规定

民法也是一般规定与特别规定的统一体,其中的特别规定就包括法律拟制和注意规定。法律拟制和注意规定在适用条件、认定结论和法条解释等方面存在着重大区别,所以,我们必须正确确认民法中的一些特别规定的性质,尤其对于若干很是引起争议的特别法条,在认定其究竟属于法律拟制还是注意规定时更需小心地求证和谨慎地判定。     

分析师关注会减少上市公司违规行为吗?——基于信息透明度的中介效应

以2011—2020年深市A股上市公司为研究样本,综合运用多分类Ologit模型、Logit回归模型与泊松模型,实证检验分析师关注对企业违规行为的影响,并探讨其作用机制。研究发现:分析师关注能够降低企业违规倾向、减少企业违规次数,有效抑制企业违规行为;信息透明度在分析师关注与企业违规行为之间发挥部分中介效应。进一步研究表明,在非国有控股、内部控制较差、审计质量较低的上市公司中,分析师关注对企业违规行为的抑制作用更加显著。为加强企业合规监管和投资者保护,建议监管部门进一步完善分析师制度,以保证分析师的独立性和提升分析师关注的质量。     

Exploring the Role of Working Memory in Dynamic Social Cue Decoding Using Dual Task Methodology

Decoding nonverbal social cues involves skills such as understanding emotions and discerning kin relationships. Social cue decoding has been described as an automatic process which does not tax cognitive resources. However, clinical deficits in social decoding are often interpreted in terms of deficits in attention and working memory. Two experiments are described which used dual task methodology to investigate the role of working memory in dynamic social cue decoding tasks: the Interpersonal Perception Task (IPT, Experiment 1) and the Profile of Nonverbal Sensitivity (PONS, Experiment 2). Results revealed that decoding social cues from the IPT did not require working memory resources, while social perception in the PONS made heavy demands on working memory. Implications for theoretical interpretation of these tasks and their use in clinical populations are discussed.

Impact of age and symptom severity on parent-child relationships and self-perception among Chinese children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Little information is available on the effect of parent-child relationships on self-perception among Chinese children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in Hong Kong. This study examined the impact of children’s age and symptom severity on the linkage of quality parent-child relationships to perceived competence/hope among children with ADHD. A clinical sample of 81 school-age children (ages 5–11, mean age = 8.38) who were diagnosed with ADHD were recruited in this study. Separate questionnaires were employed to collect data among children and their parents in the pre-treatment phase. Parent-child relationships were positively correlated with self-perception of children with ADHD, with physical competence to be father-child specific. Children’s age had moderated the correlation between mother-child relationship and children’s hope. Maternal role on children’s hope was significant for the mild symptom group; paternal role on children’s hope was significant for the severe symptom group. No moderation effect was found for symptom severity on the correlation between parent-child relationship and children’s self-perception. The study’s findings helped mental health professionals in a Chinese context to develop psychosocial interventions to foster quality parent-child relationships, which in turn will maintain children’s self-perception. Implications for social work practice are discussed.     

非英语专业学生在阅读中识别二语语块的研究

以55名非英语专业学生作为研究对象,通过回溯性访谈方式调查分析中国外语学习者在闭读中注意、忽视语块的各种原因,以及注意、忽视语块与二语水平的关联性。研究结果显示：在阅读中．中国英语学习者倾向于注意常见的、老师强调过的语块;对于文本中的陌生语块,他们倾向于用语法规则对其进行解构分析语义,而非把语块作为不可分割的整体进行处理;此外,学习者二语水平与语块识别能力有一定的相关性。     

Does attention from headquarters influence subsidiary behavior? A social psychological perspective

Prior research has not explored fully the effect of headquarters (HQ) attention on subsidiary behavior. We address the gap via a social psychological lens, proposing that subsidiaries with more HQ attention often deal with higher performance expectation in terms of contributing towards the MNC, and thus, they tend to have a greater participation in the activities that can demonstrate such contribution. We test the idea in the context of MNC knowledge flows, hypothesizing a positive correlation between HQ attention and a subsidiary's reverse knowledge, and further the moderation effects of a subsidiary's shared vision and local market performance. Results lend support for the model. The study introduces a novel perspective of how HQ attention may influence subsidiaries, as well as the importance of attention allocation for the multinational corporation (MNC).     

Impulsivity and Sustained Attention in Pathological Gamblers: Influence of Childhood ADHD History

Pathological gambling (PG) has been associated to both impulsiveness and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in different studies. Our objective was to compare different impulsivity and sustained attention variables, using both behavioural tasks and self-administered questionnaires, in a group of pathological gamblers with a history of childhood ADHD (PG-ADHD; n = 16), a group of pathological gamblers without this history (PG-non-ADHD; n = 39), and a control group (n = 40). As instruments of measure, we used the stop signal task (to evaluate inhibitory control/impulsivity), the differential reinforcement of Low Rate Responding Task (delay of gratification/impulsivity) and the Continuous Performance Test (sustained attention). The Barratt Impulsivity Scale (BIS-11) was used as a self-administered questionnaire to measure impulsiveness.Our results show that patients in the PG-ADHD group exhibit a significantly lower capacity to delay gratification than those in the PG-non-ADHD and control groups, and less inhibitory control than patients in the PG-non-ADHD group. On self-administered questionnaires such as the BIS-11 the PG-ADHD group obtained higher scores than the PG-non-ADHD and control groups. However, no differences were found with respect to sustained attention using the CPT.Our results suggest a possible selective implication of the prefrontal cortex in PG, which would be especially evident in those with a childhood history of ADHD.     

有限关注与特质波动率之谜：来自行为金融学新证据

本文在我国股票市场检验了有限关注对特质波动率定价的影响。研究发现,特质波动率-收益负相关关系在高关注度股票组合中更显著,而在低关注度组中,特质波动率-收益关系变弱甚至不再显著;Fama和MacBeth（1973）回归结果显示,关注度显著降低了特质波动率的定价作用;另外,通过Hou和Loh（2016）拆分方法发现,有限关注对特质波动率之谜具有最强的解释力度。进一步研究发现,传统的解释不能消除关注度在特质波动率定价中的作用。因而,本文的研究揭示,投资者的有限关注可能是造成一些市场异象的主要原因。     

Mindfulness: The Present Moment in Clinical Social Work

Mindfulness-based psychotherapies are increasingly found in the evidence-based practice realm of clinical social work. This paper provides an understanding of the concept of mindfulness as well as the research into the neurological and behavioral benefits of mindfulness skills training. Mindfulness skills training is explored as both the foundation of specific therapy protocols and as a method to foster clinician attention, affect regulation, attunement and empathy. Clinical case examples are provided to demonstrate the impact of mindfulness skills training on both clients and on the helping relationship.     

Cellular Telephones and Driving Performance: The Effects of Attentional Demands on Motor Vehicle Crash Risk

This study examines the effects of conversation mode and split-attention communication training on driving performance. The study is based on an experiment where drivers with and without communication training (pilots vs. nonpilots) completed a simulated driving course while involved in one of three conversation modes: no conversation, conversation with passenger, or conversation on a hands-free cellular telephone. Results indicate that cellular telephone conversations consume more attention and interfere more with driving than passenger conversations. Cell phone conversations lack the nonverbal cues available during close-contact conversations and conversation participants expend significant cognitive resources to compensate for the lack of such cues. The results also demonstrate that communication training may reduce the hazardous effects of cell phone conversations on driving performance.