Problematic Progress in Asia: Growing Older and Apart

The purpose of this article is to describe the demographic dynamics in 14 Asian countries. The foreseen impacts on economic growth, income disparity, social stability, pension programs, retirement, health care insurance, and labor market are presented. Public policy recommendations are delineated.     

Tailored program evaluation: Past, present, future

This paper discusses measurement issues related to the evaluation of computer-tailored health behavior change programs. As the first generation of commercially available tailored products is utilized in health promotion programming, programmers and researchers are becoming aware of the unique challenges that the evaluation of these programs presents. A project is presented that used an online tailored health behavior assessment (HBA) in a worksite setting. Process and outcome evaluation methods are described and include the challenges faced, and strategies proposed and implemented, for meeting them. Implications for future research in tailored program development, implementation, and evaluation are also discussed.     

INTEGRATING PAID WORK AND FAMILY WORK

This qualitative study explores the nature and variation of parenting in the workplace (PIW) childcare practices in a purposive sample of 55 businesses that allowed employees to personally care for children at the workplace while simultaneously performing their job duties. Major findings indicate that although PIW occurred in a variety of industries and organizations of different sizes, the practice was limited to employees who held administrative type positions. Businesses supported PIW on an occasional basis for employees who experienced breakdowns in routine childcare arrangements or on a regular basis for employees who did not have continuing access to acceptable or affordable childcare. According to business representatives in this sample, the practice helped maintain worker productivity and decrease employee absenteeism but was supported only on the condition that employees accomplish work tasks and supervise well-behaved children. The author also considers what PIW might suggest about the relationship between paid work and family work in today's society. Because family and child well-being appeared to be secondary to business goals, theoretical and practice frameworks that align the needs of children and families with the needs of businesses should direct future research on parenting in the workplace. Insights about father involvement in PIW, implications of PIW for child development, and the potential of Border Theory and the Work-life Systems Framework to inform future PIW studies are addressed.

Este estudio cualitativo explora la naturaleza y la variación en el cuidado de los niños en el lugar del trabajo ‘parenting in the workplace’ (PIW) en una muestra planificada de 55 empresas que permitieron que los empleados cuiden personalmente a los niños en el lugar de trabajo mientras simultáneamente hacen sus deberes del trabajo. Los resultados principales indican que aunque PIW ocurrió en una variedad de industrias y organizaciones de tamaños diversos, la práctica era limitada a los empleados con papeles administrativos. Los negocios apoyaron PIW de vez en cuando para los empleados que experimentaron interrupciones en sus arreglos cotidianos para cuidar a sus niños o de manera habitual para los empleados que no tenían acceso a recursos aceptables o asequibles de cuidar a los niños. Según los representantes de negocios en esta muestra, la práctica fomentó el mantenimiento de la productividad del trabajador y disminuyó el ausentismo pero se apoyó solamente a condición de que los empleados lograran sus tareas de trabajo y que los niños se comportaran bien. El autor también considera qué PIW puede sugerir sobre la relación entre el trabajo pagado y el trabajo dentro de la familia en la sociedad de hoy. Ya que el bienestar de la familia y del niño pareció subordinado a las metas de negocio, es necesario que marcos de teoría y práctica que alinean las necesidades de niños y de familias con las necesidades de negocios deben dirigir la investigación futura sobre el cuidado de los niños en el lugar del trabajo. Se tratan también ideas sobre la participación de los padres en PIW, implicaciones de PIW para el desarrollo del niño, y la potencial de Border Theory (teoría de la frontera) y Work-life Systems Framework (marco de sistemas de trabajo-vida) para informar los estudios de PIW más adelante.     

制度约束、行为变迁与乡村人居环境演化

从制度约束和行为变迁的视角出发,构建一个乡村人居环境演变的理论框架,即从外部和内部两个维度来考察乡村人居环境演变。外部维度是指国家制度约束,乡村人居环境建设是在国家制度主导下发展的;而内部维度就是农户空间行为,即乡村人居环境建设的内生变量,包括农户的居住、就业、消费和交往等空间行为。乡村人居环境正是在国家制度主导和空间行为双重因素的作用下发展的。对中国改革开放以来的乡村人居环境演变进行了总结和反思,认为不同的制度安排背景下,农户空间行为特征、乡村人居环境演变动力及其效应存在较大差异;乡村人居环境建设过程的空间问题一直无法实现预期目标,需要我们给予反思和调整。     

明代辽东海防体系建制与军事聚落特征研究

通过对明代军事管理体制演化进程的分析,以及对明代辽东长城军事聚落与沿海军事聚落在防御对象、地理条件、建置沿革、规划布局、功能等方面的比较研究,揭示了明代辽东沿海军事聚落的形态特征,证明了明代辽东沿海军事聚落是一个立体化而高效率的防御空间;其体系化的规划布局和功能设计,使这一系统具备了层次化的纵深防御和独特的信息传递功能。     

从帐篷到定居房——循化县岗察乡游牧民定居工程调查研究

游牧民定居工程是国家对于生活在高寒地区的牧民的一项民生工程.本文对循化县岗察藏族牧业乡游牧民定居工程做了实地调查,这项工程改善了游牧民的生存状态,但同时对游牧社会也产生了一定的负面影响.     

A Review of Laura S. Young's Bookbinding & Conservation by Hand: A Working Guide

Abstract

University librarians in China face many of the same challenges related to serials management that confront librarians in the United States. The authors discuss the importance for librarians in the United States, especially those working with serials, to establish and build ties with librarians in other countries, such as China. Benefits of an exchange could include sharing information about best practices, exchange of serial materials, and working together on mutually advantageous projects. Acknowledging the growing interest in international library exchange programs, the authors relate their own institution's efforts to build international ties with Fudan University in Shanghai, China, and Shaanxi Normal University in Xi'an, China. In establishing these ties, the authors have traveled to China and interviewed librarians about serials acquisition, processing, and management.     

从考古发现看先秦聚居地的水患防范

先秦时期,人口聚居之地常受水患侵扰。先民通过选择离水近便且较高的居住地、修造城墙与城壕、修建排水系统等措施,有效地防范水患的威胁,这为后世城市防范水患提供了有益的借鉴。     

A novel approach for evaluating programs designed to serve military veterans: Using an adapted common components analysis

Evaluators are challenged to keep pace with the vast array of Veteran support programs operating in the United States, resulting in a situation in which many programs lack any evidence of impact. Due to this lack of evidence, there is no efficient way to suggest which programs are most effective in helping Veterans in need of support. One potential solution to this dilemma is to reconceptualize program evaluation, by moving away from evaluating programs individually to evaluating what is common across programs. The Common Components Analysis (CCA) is one such technique that aggregates findings from programs that have undergone rigorous evaluation at the level of program components (e.g., content, process, barrier reduction). Given that many Veteran programs lack outcome evidence from rigorous studies, an adaptation to CCA is needed. This report examines cross-sectional data from a pilot study using an adapted CCA across five domains of well-being (i.e., employment, education, legal/financial/housing, mental/physical health, and social/personal relationships). The purpose of this preliminary study is to determine the feasibility of eliciting program nominations and program components from Veterans via an online survey. When coupled with a longitudinal research design, this adaptation to CCA will allow for stronger causal claims about the expected impact of different program components within and across a variety of domains.