澳大利亚奶农联合会及其对中国农民专业合作社可持续发展的启示

介绍澳大利亚奶农组织的发展状况,并对其特点进行分析概括 然后描述中国农民专业合作社的现实地位和发展中存在的主要问题。在此基础上,根据澳大利亚奶农组织的发展经验,提出可供中国农民专业合作社借鉴的几点启示：（1）政府有必要大力扶持农民专业合作社的发展 （2）农民专业合作社发展的坚实基础是农业的商品化和专业化 （3）推进农民专业合作社的可持续发展必须确立明确的、通俗易懂的发展理念 （4）农民专业合作社应当致力于改善组织绩效 （5）随着农民专业合作社的发展,政府应当允许农民专业合作社之间的组织化。     

Using Community-Based Participatory Research to Develop a Series of Core Competency Trainings Within a Developmental Disability Program

ABSTRACT

The New York State Talent Development Consortium at the Office for People with Developmental Disabilities (OPWDD) mandated developmental disability programs to train and evaluate direct service providers (DSPs) on seven core competencies. Utilizing community-based participatory research (CPBR) – an approach where clients, providers, and researchers share their knowledge and experience to identify study areas, formulate research questions, and use results to improve practice – a needs assessment was conducted by a New York-based developmental disability program to inform a training curriculum. Six focus groups were conducted from a purposive sample of 14 DSPs, and 19 managers/supervisors. Staff identified skills that corresponded with six out of seven competencies. Staff recommended hands-on training on: appropriate communication to deal with individuals with severe disabilities; professionalism; person-centered care; and education on terminology in behavioral health plans, medication, and mental health illnesses. Empowering DSPs through CBPR allows for a training curriculum catered toward staff needs, which may be well-received and utilized. The CBPR process employed may be beneficial to other agencies within the intellectual and developmental disabilities field, particularly at a time when the demand for nonlicensure providers such as DSPs is increasing, and there is a need to train them to render quality and effective services.     

羌族传统村落的地理分布与空间结构

以羌族传统村落为研究对象,通过对传统聚落与传统村落关系的梳理,明晰传统村落是传统聚落的重要组成部分。根据对羌族传统村落概念的辨析,探究羌族传统村落入选国家级、省级传统村落的情况及其分布,概括羌族传统村落的地理分布特征,发现羌族传统村落相对集中,呈块状或条带状分布,主要沿河流一线展开,干流密集支流稀疏,海拔上具有“高密低疏”的垂直分布特征。从羌族传统村落的空间结构上看,羌族传统村落的空间结构特征表现为数量不多、范围较小、职能单一、规模不大,与人口密度呈正比,村落之间联系有待加强。     

Using the integrative model of behavioral prediction to understand college students’ STI testing beliefs,intentions, and behaviors

ABSTRACT

Objectives: To identify salient behavioral determinants related to STI testing among college students by testing a model based on the integrative model of behavioral (IMBP) prediction. Participants: 265 undergraduate students from a large university in the Southeastern US. Methods:Formative and survey research to test an IMBP-based model that explores the relationships between determinants and STI testing intention and behavior. Results: of path analyses supported a model in which attitudinal beliefs predicted intention and intention predicted behavior. Normative beliefs and behavioral control beliefs were not significant in the model; however, select individual normative and control beliefs were significantly correlated with intention and behavior. Conclusions: Attitudinal beliefs are the strongest predictor of STI testing intention and behavior. Future efforts to increase STI testing rates should identify and target salient attitudinal beliefs.     

后殖民主义视角下的澳洲土著小说《野猫下坠》

澳大利亚土著作家马都鲁创作的第一部澳洲土著小说《野猫下坠》描绘了土著在殖民社会的孤独感、幻灭感和逃遁感.从后殖民主义的视角来看,马都鲁不仅试图探讨土著混血儿的身份认同问题,突出土著文化传承的意义,还试图通过模拟欧洲白人的文学形式、语言和后现代创作手法,动摇殖民话语的稳定性,解构白人的文化霸权.     

P.R.斯蒂芬森论澳大利亚民族文化

P.R.斯蒂芬森是澳大利亚民族主义文学与文化批评的早期奠基人之一.他的作品《澳大利亚文化的基石：为民族自尊而作》被誉为20世纪30年代最具影响力的批评论著,是澳大利亚该历史时期时代精神的集中体现.斯蒂芬森提出坚持民族文化的地域性原则,藉以发展不依附母国的、独立自主的民族文化.他关注对民族文学标尺的界定,认为这将有助于厘清“真”、“伪”澳大利亚民族文学,并对催生反映本土真实生活的严肃作品产生积极影响.他还指出,发展民族文化的主力军除了作家、知识分子,还应该包括出版人.作家的任务是创作出足以滋养本民族人民精神生活的作品,而知识分子和出版人则应该为作家的工作保驾护航.斯蒂芬森的民族主义文化观在之后民族主义浪潮的各个阶段都有显著的发展.     

乡村人居环境建设中的制度约束与优化路径

优化乡村人居环境,改善农户生活质量,统筹城乡发展是社会主义新农村建设的一项重要内容.目前我国乡村人居环境建设面临着基层组织管理制度、土地制度、户籍制度、投资制度和保障制度等方面的制度约束.针对一系列制度约束,从乡村人居环境建设内涵出发,构建了有利于促进乡村人居环境发展的新制度框架.应从创新农村市场经济制度,维护人居空间有序发展;完善财政转移支付制度,保障乡村人居公共物品供给;创新农村社区管理制度,重构乡村社会关系网络等方面进行制度创新.     

Keynote 3. Living in the Valley of Death

Abstract

In 2003 alone, HIV/AIDS killed more than three million people, of which between 2.2 and 2.4 million were from Sub-Saharan Africa. This disease is having a devastating effect on the previously firm foundations of intergenerational relationships in affected countries. For many nations in Africa, Asia and South America, life has become a mirage, a paradox in which almost everything is overshadowed by the pangs of death. Poverty, HIV/AIDS and, surprisingly, compassion are the combined common causes of death. Consequently, social, ecological, economic, political and educational systems are almost entirely dislocated. Traditions demand that the young ones should outlive their elders. So there is a deliberate effort on the part of the elderly to embrace death in attempting to be compassionate. This paper is an attempt to explore this scenario with the aim of articulating the linkage between poverty and HIV/AIDS, and proposing ways of reducing their impact through intergenerational programming.     

Where We Are Now with Intergenerational Developments

ABSTRACT

Intergenerational programs are beginning to burgeon in England. They are relatively recent in their development. The systemic absence of connectiveness between policy developments and services relating to older people and those relating to children and young people is identified. The key strategic players are described. Questions about future developments and research are discussed.     

EAP's:

By the end of 1990, 156,024 cases of AIDS had been reported throughout the United States (CDC, 1991). Perhaps even more devastating is that 100,813 individuals, 64.6% of the reported AIDS cases have died (CDC, 1991). The AIDS crisis has now found its way into most segments of our society. Women are now the fastest growing category of people with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (Stuntzner-Gibson, 1991). HIV disease is increasingly being identified with poor people, intravenous drug users and ethnic minorities (Honey, 1988; Macks, 1988).