‘To Infinity and Beyond…’: The American Vernacular and Democratic Space

Abstract

The spatial strategies adopted by the founding fathers of the American Republic are examined and their political roots and consequences explored. In particular the reasons for the neo-classical style becoming prominent are questioned, and whether that style was an appropriate spatial strategy for democratization. An analysis is presented of how American writing and literature was a forum for the working out of the questions of expansion into, and settlement in, new space.     

广义居住因素对流动人口定居意愿的影响分析--以京、沪、穗城乡结合部流动人口为例

京、沪、穗城乡结合部流动人口定居意愿并未发生真正的代际更替,其流动方式仍以“乡—城—乡”循环为主。该方式虽是其生存策略,但也伴随着低生活质量、骨肉分离和子女成长环境恶化等问题。城市政府既要为循环流动人口提供属地化服务,也要为其未来返乡提供帮扶。鉴于买房、租房定居意愿、社区参与和融入等均与定居意愿显著正相关,城市政府在中低收入流动人口公共住房供给上应公租房与经济适用房兼采,在选址上应采取“大杂居、小聚居”模式。在高房价、高房租以及属地化服务缺位的背景下,一线城市城乡结合部流动人口定居意愿有就地定居意愿薄弱、家庭式流动与定居意愿关联不大等特殊性。     

Effects of a summer emergent literacy intervention for rising kindergarteners

This study examined the effectiveness of a nine-week summer emergent literacy program implemented in a Young Men's Christian Association (YMCA) summer program that serves families from low socioeconomic backgrounds. Participants were four- and five-year-old children attending a YMCA summer camp. After being placed in appropriate respective skill-level groups, children received one-hour, daily emergent literacy instruction from their camp counselors, who were trained as novice reading teachers. The teachers used emergent literacy activities to support letter-naming fluency and growth in letter-sound correspondence recognition in addition to mastery of read-aloud texts. The 28 participants experienced positive growth on both dependent measures (letter-naming fluency and letter-sound fluency), indicating the efficiency of the intervention as a tool for improving school readiness for children from low-income families. Additionally, the results suggest that beginning reading teachers may be able to conduct effective emergent literacy instruction, making the intervention replicable. Limitations and associated future research directions are discussed.     

Factors Related to the Delivery of Trauma Services in Outpatient Treatment Programs

In recent years there has been growing recognition of the role of trauma in substance abuse treatment; however, only 20% of outpatient treatment programs report offering trauma services. We conducted a secondary analysis of the 2012 National Survey of Substance Abuse Treatment Services (N-SSATS) and explore how demographic, population served, and organization variables distinguish those programs that offer trauma services from those that do not. In this article, we present the findings, which revealed that organizational structure, process, and population served variables were the most important predictors of trauma services. Implications for social work practice in the addictions are discussed.     

中国技术哲学：历史、现状和趋势（下）

中国技术哲学作为一种当代学术现象,经历了从技术辩证法传统、论技术或技术论到技术哲学学科确立的发展过程。对于中国技术哲学,可以从两方面考察其思想脉络：一是把它作为一种部门哲学加以对待,主要包括技术的经济哲学、社会哲学和伦理哲学;二是把它作为一种哲学纲领加以对待,主要包括现象学技术哲学、分析的技术哲学、解释学技术哲学和实用主义技术哲学。这种考察表明,中国作为部门哲学的技术哲学发展是体制性的,已有相当发展也有较广的扩散,而作为哲学纲领的技术哲学才作为一种“国际引进”刚刚兴起。也就是说,中国技术哲学正在从部门哲学向哲学纲领构建发展。这种转型意味着,中国技术哲学必须要在思想渊源、传统文化关联和时代特色呈现方面走向更深入的发展。     

中国技术哲学：历史、现状和趋势（上）

中国技术哲学作为一种当代学术现象,经历了从技术辩证法传统、论技术或技术论到技术哲学学科确立的发展过程。对于中国技术哲学,可以从两方面考察其思想脉络：一是把它作为一种部门哲学加以对待,主要包括技术的经济哲学、社会哲学和伦理哲学;二是把它作为一种哲学纲领加以对待,主要包括现象学技术哲学、分析的技术哲学、解释学技术哲学和实用主义技术哲学。这种考察表明,中国作为部门哲学的技术哲学发展是体制性的,已有相当发展也有较广的扩散,而作为哲学纲领的技术哲学才作为一种“国际引进”刚刚兴起。也就是说,中国技术哲学正在从部门哲学向哲学纲领构建发展。这种转型意味着,中国技术哲学必须要在思想渊源、传统文化关联和时代特色呈现方面走向更深入的发展。     

从游牧到定居是游牧民族传统生产生活方式的重大变革

随着社会的发展、人口的增加、文明的进步 ,游牧民族对物质、文化生活的要求越来越高。在自身需求与政府行为的推动下 ,世界上很多游牧民族已经转为定居生产生活方式。实践证明 ,从游牧到定居是一个民族走向文明的重要标志。本文以新疆为例 ,阐述了游牧民族的概况、生产生活方式特点 ,并从三方面对游牧民族定居的重要意义进行浅析 :一是我国全面建设小康社会的必然选择 ;二是实现游牧民族兴旺发达的重大战略举措 ;三是增进民族团结、保持社会稳定的根本保证     

‘Our own Hurricane Katrina’: Aboriginal disadvantage and Australian national identity

Since Prime Minister Howard's declaration in 2007 that child sex abuse in Northern Territory Aboriginal communities was Australia's ‘own Hurricane Katrina’, the trope of natural disaster has been a regular feature of print and television media coverage of Indigenous affairs in Australia. The effect of this rhetorical strategy is to separate what happens to Aboriginal people from the fabric of ‘mainstream’ Australian cultural and political life; to render it alien and unconnected to the relative privilege enjoyed by other Australians. This strategy also produces peculiar temporal effects by erecting a cordon sanitaire around Australian history and the national identity that it supports. Howard's comparison of Aboriginal disadvantage with Katrina, if read alongside his politicization of the teaching of Australian history, demonstrates an unwillingness to incorporate systemic injustice toward Indigenous people within the composition of that history. This article interrogates the relationships between the manifold understandings of Aboriginal disadvantage and attempts to commemorate its violent history, as these aspects of Australian life are both integrated and refused by national identity narratives. Specifically, the paper reinterprets the trope of natural disaster as a means of comprehending Indigenous disadvantage and Australian identity by drawing on Walter Benjamin's philosophy of history. Benjamin's understanding of activism as a constructive retrieval of the past will be developed to reconnect catastrophe to history, and to enable an exploration of responsibility for that history as an integral condition of contemporary Australian identity.     

肯定性行动计划与美国少数民族高等教育的发展

自 2 0世纪 60年代中期以来 ,美国实施肯定性行动计划 ,通过实行特别招生计划、加大对少数民族学生的财政资助、加强补习教育、开设少数民族研究课程等措施 ,有力地促进了美国少数民族高等教育的发展。但近年来 ,肯定性行动计划在美国引发了激烈的争论 ,一些州甚至取消了肯定性行动计划 ,这很可能导致美国少数民族高等教育的严重倒退     

Australian national identity: empirical research since 1998

The question of what Australian identity means has re-emerged, as globalisation and a concerted political effort to reconstruct an ‘Anglo’ identity have caused uncertainty about ‘who we are’. To explore how Australians conceptualise identity, this paper examines empirical research since Phillips’ [1998. Popular views about Australian identity: Research and analysis. Journal of Sociology, 34(3), 281–302. doi:10.1177/144078339803400305] seminal work synthesising research on Australian identity. Nearly two decades on, a civic/ethno-nationalist distinction and traditional socio-political correlates remain; but less dichotomous constructions are also being explored and more progressive values included. Key differences are found in the increased range of meanings of Australianness, as well as an apparent shift, for some, towards a cosmopolitan identity.