执行工作存在的问题与对策

执行程序是诉讼活动中达到审判目的、取得应有社会效果的重要阶段。通过对法院执行工作现状的剖析,提出了若干对策及设想:设立流程管理程序;监督制约权力;制止再审申请人滥用申请暂缓执行权力;健全执行和解制度;明确规定当事人举证责任;严格义务主体的变更和追加程序;设立违法执行和执行失误的救济程序;规定法定执行措施;严格审限制度;取消执行通知书等,使执行活动实现公平和高效率。     

Lexical struggle in court: Aboriginal Australians versus the state1

This paper presents a critical sociolinguistic exploration of the cross‐examination of three young teenage Australian Aboriginal boys in a Queensland court. The boys alleged that they had been abducted by six police officers, so they were prosecution witnesses in the case against the police officers. The paper examines the lexical strategies used by defence counsel to construct these victim‐witnesses as criminals with ‘no regard for the community’, and to reinterpret the alleged abduction as a consensual car ride. Of greatest concern is the strategy which I term ‘lexical perversion’– the rejection of a witness's labelling of their own experience, through overt correction with, or covert substitution of, another lexical item. These lexical strategies are central to the judicial legitimation of neocolonial control by the police over the movements of Aboriginal young people.     

建设资源节约型环境友好型社会中自然资源纠纷解决机制研究

因自然资源的取得、使用和流转引发的纠纷随着经济发展不断增多,一个理性的社会应当有多种纠纷解决途径,为纠纷主体选择适宜的解决方式提供保障.本文通过探究自然资源纠纷的内涵,从自行解决方式、行政解决方式、司法解决方式等三个方面,对中国资源纠纷解决机制的立法现状、存在问题、完善建议进行了阐述,以期寻找有中国特色的资源纠纷解决制度设计,提高资源纠纷的解决效率.     

"生活"是新闻节目出新的"源头活水"

贴近生活是各类电视节目出新、扩大收视群的最重要的条件.生活服务类节目只有从观众的生活需要出发,寻找节目的新生长点,认识生活现象的本质,挖掘生活背后的生活,认识生活的多样性,突出个性化服务,才能赋予生活服务类节目以新的视角、新的内涵、新的手法,从而形成自己独特的风格.     

Social Welfare Reform Since the 1997 Economic Crisis in Korea: Achievement, Limits, and Future Prospects

Social welfare reform has been implemented in Korea since the 1997 financial crisis. A dominant concern of the reform was on equality and social solidarity. A major means to this end was establishing universalistic social insurance programs like those in developed welfare states. The reform efforts produced some positive results but were not greatly successful. Income polarization and the deteriorating economic status of low-income families have become big social issues. Many low-income families have not gained many benefits from the reformed social security system. The rapid aging of the population is creating an exploding demand for social spending, risking the fiscal sustainability of major social insurance programs. The reform experience suggests that a social welfare system based on western-style universal social insurance may be too expensive to sustain and not very effective in protecting disadvantaged families in Korea. More attention is being paid to expenditure control and efficiency. Social insurance programs may need to be leaner than those in traditional welfare states. Targeted programs, such as the "making work pay" policy, are likely to be expanded more broadly to low-income families. The future of the Korean welfare state may hinge on successful employment support for working families and extensive investment in their human capital.     

涉农资金整合下精准扶贫项目运作及其脱贫成效考察——以H县精准扶贫项目运作为例

涉农资金整合是针对扶贫资金所存问题而展开的扶贫资金领域的改革。本文以田野调查为基础,集中关注涉农资金整合以来精准扶贫项目运作过程的变化及其脱贫成效。涉农资金整合下,扶贫项目运作主要在项目的申报、项目资金审批、项目实施、项目监管四个环节改变着原有的项目运作模式、利益关系及权力格局。其扶贫成效在提高扶贫资金使用效率和集中扶贫资金力量上,实现了扶贫项目数量、扶贫范围、扶贫受益群体均扩大的效果,但也导致县域扶贫项目分配不合理、部门利益壁垒凸显的项目管理与项目资金管理跟进不匹配等问题。本文通过现实考察及对所存问题的分析,强调体制性根源中的项目制扶贫模式、利益趋动下的权力与利益的谋利性行为、机构设置方面的欠缺与不足共同导致了以上问题的产生。因此,应从加强县域资金管理能力、项目管理能力、增加社会扶贫力量的参与三方面共同应对当前涉农资金整合下扶贫所存在的问题。     

信访悖论的成本—效益分析

信访制度尽管备受诘难,却在当代中国社会具有强大的生命力,这一悖论的深层根源需在成本—效益的分析视阈内得以阐明。因而,强化信访机制的制度化、规范化和程序化特征,并将其功能定位为权利救济的补充—过滤机制以及民意表达的启动—监督机制,是适应当代中国社会转型现状,使信访制度实现＂帕累托最优＂的有效路径。     

人力资本离婚清算的法律应对

在婚姻存续期间,由于受限于家庭生活的种种客观因素,往往会出现配偶一方去考取学位、资格,而另一方则牺牲自身发展的机会、为家庭做出贡献的情况。从婚姻的本质考虑,在离婚时需要对在婚姻存续期间取得的人力资本进行清算,以引导婚姻双方在婚姻存续期间更多地考虑家庭的共同福利而不仅局限于自己狭隘的私人利益。离婚清算的理论基础“无形财产分割说”和“利益损失补偿说”各有利弊。我国《婚姻法》及其司法解释尚未对此做出详细规定,建议结合采用无形财产分割和恢复性扶养制度。     

The Use of Peer Support for Parents and Youth Living with the Trauma of Child Sexual Abuse: An Innovative Approach

ABSTRACT

This article describes and reports on an innovative intervention program for parents of sexually abused children and youth. Peer support provided by non-professional staff and volunteers, who have been personally affected by the trauma of child sexual abuse, is an approach with unique advantages. Many of these consumers have not been able to benefit from traditional service delivery approaches. Goals and objectives of the Peer Support Program (PSP) have been developed through inter-agency collaboration initiatives comprised of a coalition of existing social service agencies. This report examines characteristics of service delivery and level of consumer satisfaction of parents and youth who have participated in the peer support program. Implications for interventions with sexually abused youth and parents of sexually abused children are discussed.     

Bridging the Fragmented Community

ABSTRACT

In the global era, with the retrenchment of welfare states, people have to turn to their community, a major component of civil society, for support. In this paper, a fluid concept of community is proposed in response to the fragmentation and diversity caused by globalization in the local community. It is argued that to bridge different interests in the community, settlement houses, as a third sector organization in the community, is an effective community-building mechanism. This paper provides a brief history of the success of the settlement house in building solidarity and generating social capital in the local community. The author identifies implications for the role of the social work profession in revitalizing the settlement house as a community-building approach.