城市境遇下的“70后”诗歌

对于"70后"一代人而言,城市化时代的到来让他们成为异乡人,乡土经验和城市境遇之间的矛盾在他们的诗歌写作中呈现为对话、诘问的紧张感。这一代诗人的城市化抒写更多带有现实的批判性、乡土的追忆感以及强烈的生命体验、历史化的想象力和整体的寓言性特征。     

FRAGILE STATES AND DEVELOPMENT POLICY

It is widely recognized that fragile states are key symptoms of under‐development in many parts of the world. Such states are incapable of delivering basic services to their citizens and political violence is commonplace. As of yet, mainstream development economics has not dealt in any systematic way with such concerns and the implications for development assistance. This paper puts forward a framework for analyzing fragile states and applies it to a variety development policies in different types of states.     

Near universal consistency of the maximum pseudolikelihood estimator for discrete models

Maximum pseudolikelihood (MPL) estimators are useful alternatives to maximum likelihood (ML) estimators when likelihood functions are more difficult to manipulate than their marginal and conditional components. Furthermore, MPL estimators subsume a large number of estimation techniques including ML estimators, maximum composite marginal likelihood estimators, and maximum pairwise likelihood estimators. When considering only the estimation of discrete models (on a possibly countably infinite support), we show that a simple finiteness assumption on an entropy-based measure is sufficient for assessing the consistency of the MPL estimator. As a consequence, we demonstrate that the MPL estimator of any discrete model on a bounded support will be consistent. Our result is valid in parametric, semiparametric, and nonparametric settings.     

伟大的跨越：中国少数民族地区经济发展70年

2019年,是中华人民共和国成立70周年。70年来,作为全国宏观区域经济的重要战略组成部分的民族地区经济发展取得了历史性的伟大成就。民族八省区70年来在经济增长、结构变迁、对外开放、成果共享等方面取得了突出的成绩。民族地区经济发展的伟大跨越,是在中国共产党领导下,坚持走中国特色解决民族问题的正确道路,全面贯彻落实党的民族政策下实现的。民族地区70年的经济发展表明：我党对民族工作的领导是民族地区经济发展的根本保证;推动少数民族和民族地区高质量发展是民族工作的第一要务;不断加大力度支持和帮助民族地区发展,始终坚持发展必须以保障和改善民生为着眼点和落脚点,坚持绿色发展,守好民族地区发展的底色和价值,大力加强少数民族干部和人才队伍建设,是实现民族地区经济70年快速发展的重要经验。     

七十子后学散文的文献依据

七十子后学散文的论题是由郭店楚墓竹简、上海博物馆藏战国楚竹书所引发。七十子后学散文的文献依据,可以分三步论证:第一步是根据考古学成果,将郭店楚墓的墓葬年代确定在战国中期偏晚,上博竹简情况与郭店竹简大体相同,这也是郭店楚简和上博楚简书写年代的下限;第二步是结合竹简内容与中国思想发展史,大致确认郭店、上博大部分儒家竹简作于孔子第一、第二、第三代弟子之手;第三步是根据郭店、上博竹简,推论大小戴《礼记》、《孝经》、《仪礼》等传世儒家文献同样作于春秋末年战国前期七十子后学之手。七十子后学散文有着坚实的文献依据。     

Breaking through innovation barriers: Linking effectuation orientation to innovation performance

This study aims to understand how firms overcome market-based innovation barriers and achieve innovation performance using the effectuation orientation construct. In so doing, we provide more nuanced insights into how the combination of mindsets and actions helps firms to overcome barriers. Based on a quantitative research design, data from 157 established organizations show variations in how effectual actions are related to perceived innovation barriers. Among the conclusions we draw from the results is the fact that effectual contingency and effectual means orientation are negatively associated with market-based innovation barriers, which are in turn negatively associated with a firm’s innovation performance. Overall, the empirical results provide new insights into the literature of both innovation and entrepreneurship.     

新中国成立 70 年来中国特色水利水电工程移民理论的演进阶段、逻辑及取向

新中国成立 70 年来,中国特色水利水电工程移民理论先后经历了移民理论研究边缘化、原创性移民理论初始启动、移民理论专题系统建立、微观移民问题与宏观总体战略布局理论有机结合、移民理论发展优势与国际话语体系的匹配诉求五个阶段。 其理论演进逻辑可以概括为三个层次:揭示移民问题一般性规律的基础层次,阐释移民问题的理论工具层次,解决移民问题的移民方针与政策。 未来,需要进一步基于历时性、关联性以及特殊性视角深化移民问题研究,考确水利水电工程移民体制机制变迁及其引致的经济社会深度影响,探索基于系统视角的水利水电工程库区复合生态系统保护区理论的创新及其应用研究,面向大数据时代推进移民传统研究范式革新和理论概化。     

新中国70年社会主义意识形态建设历程、经验和未来走向

中国社会主义意识形态建设已经走过了风风雨雨的70年,经历了初步构建、曲折整合、拨乱反正、转型重塑、创新发展以及全面深化等不同发展阶段。回顾和审视70年建设历程,提炼和总结其中的宝贵经验,具有十分重要的理论和实践意义。这些经验概括起来主要包括,坚持以马克思主义为指导是社会主义意识形态建设的根本遵循;契合国家发展的中心工作是社会主义意识形态建设的基本原则;维护人民群众的根本利益是社会主义意识形态建设的价值取向;应对各种思想文化的交锋是社会主义意识形态建设的重要举措。当前,中国特色社会主义进入新时代,还需推进马克思主义中国化时代化大众化建设,增强意识形态建设的思想性;大力推进经济发展夯实意识形态物质基础,提升意识形态建设的现实性;坚持“以人民为中心”的意识形态工作导向,彰显意识形态建设的人民性;增强国际传播能力提升社会主义国际影响,寻求意识形态建设的世界性。     

Context and interpretation in laboratory experiments: The case of reciprocity

The existing literature acknowledges that a mismatch between the experimenter’s and the subjects’ models of an experimental task can adversely affect the interpretation of data from laboratory experiments. We primarily focus on experiments designed to test a hypothesis by comparing behavior across two or more games and highlight the drawbacks of using a between-subjects design or a within subjects design. An alternative design for laboratory experiments is proposed which may alleviate this concern especially in studies of social preferences. We argue that the proposed design does not introduce any conceptual problems in addition to those that are already present in the between and within subjects designs and may alleviate some of the problems inherent to these designs in certain cases. We also use the proposed design to answer some questions that have attracted continued attention in the literature on social preferences in general and reciprocity in particular.     

基于人工神经网络的2A70铝合金形变显微组织预测

在Gleeble-1500热模拟试验机上对2A70铝合金试样在变形程度为60％、变形温度为360℃～480℃、变形速率为0.01～1S^-1的条件下进行等温恒应变速率压缩试验及固溶处理。分析热变形参数对合金固溶后显微组织的影响，结果表明，2A70铝合金的晶粒尺寸随温度的升高而增大，随变形程度和速率的增大而减小。采用BP神经网络的方法预测2A70铝合金固溶处理后的平均晶粒尺寸，对于样本数据，模型的相对误差不超过±5％；对于非样本数据，模型的相对误差不超过±8％。