Emotions into Disorder: Anxiety Disorders and the Social Meaning of Fear

This article explores what we refer to as norm-stimuli-state discrepancies, which are disparities between people's physical-emotional responses to emotional cues and the normative meanings of those cues. Drawing on forty qualitative interviews and participant observation research at support groups, we show that people with anxiety disorders describe two forms of norm-stimuli-state discrepancies. The first form involves discrepancies of type, in which people label fearful emotional states as deviant for being caused by the “wrong” stimuli. The second involves discrepancies of intensity, in which people label fearful states as deviant for involving feelings or displays of “too much” anxiety in response to an “appropriate” stimuli. The article further addresses the role of stimuli in prompting treatment seeking. Unexpected and intense emotional distress in combination with the falling away of external cues—which we refer to as “stimuli-less fear”—serve as a critical juncture on the path to an anxiety disorder diagnosis.     

Sexual Function in Women with Deep Endometriosis: Correlation with Quality of Life,Intensity of Pain,Depression, Anxiety,and Body Image

Objectives: We evaluated sexual function, quality of life and perceived body image of women with deep endometriosis in comparison to that of healthy women. Methods: The sample consisted of 41 women with deep endometriosis and 40 healthy women without endometriosis. Sexual, psychological and pain evaluation were performed. Results: The study evidenced that deep endometriosis has a significant impact on sexuality and body image. Conclusions: An integrated and patient-centered approach to medical and psychological and sexual issues is suggested.     

Women's experiences of interventions for fear of childbirth in the perinatal period: A meta-synthesis of qualitative research evidence

IssueFear of childbirth (FOC) can be debilitating, impacting women's lives in pregnancy, the puerperium and beyond. Research investigated various interventions for FOC in the perinatal period, but there been no synthesis of the experiences of women who engaged with these interventions, which would inform clinical practice guidance and the development of future interventions.AimTo conduct a review and synthesis of qualitative studies of interventions for fear of childbirth in the perinatal period and women's experiences of them.MethodsA meta-synthesis was performed to examine all relevant qualitative studies describing women's experiences of interventions for FOC, in all languages. A comprehensive search of relevant databases from 1978 to 2019 was conducted. In total, following appraisal, seven qualitative studies were eligible for inclusion. The findings were integrated using thematic synthesis for the final stages in the thematic analysis.FindingsOne overarching theme “Ownership of Childbirth” and three analytical themes “Facing the fear”, “Feeling empowered”, “Managing the fear with a sense of security” were generated through the synthesis. There were no studies outside of Scandinavia located.DiscussionThis meta-synthesis provides a new way to describe the process of moving from fear to “Ownership of childbirth”. The first step in the process appears to be acknowledging and identifying the individual's fears. Women can be empowered to self-manage FOC but may be influenced by external factors such as the support of partners and staff.ConclusionThese findings provide evidence to inform the development of future interventions for FOC and highlight the need for further qualitative research globally.     

对大学“素质教育”教学原则的探析及论证

“素质教育”作为一种教育理论已风靡全国,甚至有对世界教育理论产生重大影响之势。该文从探讨“素质教育”的重要支撑教学原则的角度出发,以社会发展和人的发展的客观规律为依据,提出并论证了“强化主体性”等四条素质教育的教学基本原则,并对教学原则的实施提出了相应的教改思路     

美国证券市场投资者适当性规则的发展及启示

以由美国金融市场管理局制定而获得美国证监会批准的关于证券市场投资者适当性规则及其监管通告的内容为基础,阐述了《多德-弗兰克法案》颁布后美国证券市场适当性规则的基本原则、证券服务机构及其工作人员所应承担的主要适当性义务的内容以及违反适当性义务所可能受到的处罚等美国证券市场投资者适当性规则的最新发展.在此基础上,结合美国相关规定的启示以及中国关于证券市场投资者适当性规则的规定,认为中国应该制定专门的部门规章来规范中国的证券市场投资者适当性规则,系统地完善证券市场投资者适当性义务的主要内容,完善对违反证券市场适当性义务的监管和处罚的规定,以更好地保护证券市场投资者的利益.     

中国共产党建党九十年来的对美交往

中国共产党建党九十年来,与美国开展交往始终是其对外工作的重要方面。在革命和战争时期、新中国成立后社会主义建设时期以及改革开放新时期,中国共产党对美国的认识都曾随国际国内形势的变化而发生重大调整,双方之间经历了从对抗到合作的多次磨合。九十年对美交往的历史极大地丰富了中国共产党处理对外关系的宝贵经验,使得我们党能够成功地在正确判断国际形势的基础上,从维护民族利益和国家利益出发,坚持独立自主、平等互利原则,以斗争促合作来推动中美关系的发展。推进中美关系的进一步发展,需要在客观认识中美力量对比基础上制定务实稳妥的政策,加强双方的交流对话以增进互信,拓展对美交往的渠道。而美国则需要尊重中国核心国家利益和重大关切,调整心态,接纳中国的发展和崛起。     

基于“向城求生”的现代性焦虑——20世纪90年代以来乡村小说创作的一种考察

以基于＂向城求生＂的现代性焦虑为视角,探索了20世纪90年代以来城市作为一种新的精神出现下的乡土小说对此的必然应对和反映,进而分析了现代性焦虑的三幅面孔,以此揭示20世纪90年代以来的乡土小说创作呈现出诸多未曾显露的意义。     

环境学概论的教学方法探讨

针对当代环境类大学生的专业认知特点,提出环境学概论应担当的教学任务以及教学方法的调整建议。     

关于指数丢番图方程P~m=q~n+2~h

本文考虑丢番图方程P~m=q~n+2~h, (p.q是不同素数)的非负整数解问题,给出了方程无解的若干充分条件,所得结果不同于文〔3〕.〔4〕.〔5〕.〔6〕.〔7〕的有关结论。     

语音焦虑与英语学习成绩调查分析

本文提出语音焦虑是一种外语学习中不可忽略的焦虑形式,语音焦虑源自于英语学习起始阶段语音知识的缺失导致的语音缺陷和诵读困难。语音能力的强弱不仅影响听说能力,也影响阅读能力和其他外语技能。在论证语音焦虑同外语成绩呈负相关的同时还指出,受方言发音影响的少量稳定的英语语音错误比大量不稳定的英语语音错误对学习成绩的影响小。