离子型反应类型的推断

探讨了决定离子型反应类型的因素及判断离子型反应类型的方法     

论欧·亨利文学作品中个性化人物的象征意义

欧·亨利作为美国短篇小说一代巨匠,在世界文坛拥有巨大影响力。究其根源,十分重要的一方面即在于其小说中人物创设个性化的同时被赋予了广泛而深邃的象征意义,让人感受到强大的震撼与共鸣。文章通过选取欧·亨利成名之作的四部小说中的四位个性化人物并加以分析,以深化学界对其作品中人物象征意义的探究。     

Inference on Filtered and Smoothed Probabilities in Markov-Switching Autoregressive Models

ABSTRACT

We derive a statistical theory that provides useful asymptotic approximations to the distributions of the single inferences of filtered and smoothed probabilities, derived from time series characterized by Markov-switching dynamics. We show that the uncertainty in these probabilities diminishes when the states are separated, the variance of the shocks is low, and the time series or the regimes are persistent. As empirical illustrations of our approach, we analyze the U.S. GDP growth rates and the U.S. real interest rates. For both models, we illustrate the usefulness of the confidence intervals when identifying the business cycle phases and the interest rate regimes.     

P-value adjustment for multiple binary endpoints

The p-value-based adjustment of individual endpoints and the global test for an overall inference are the two general approaches for the analysis of multiple endpoints. Statistical procedures developed for testing multivariate outcomes often assume that the multivariate endpoints are either independent or normally distributed. This paper presents a general approach for the analysis of multivariate binary data under the framework of generalized linear models. The generalized estimating equations (GEE) approach is applied to estimate the correlation matrix of the test statistics using the identity and exchangeable working correlation matrices with the model-based as well as robust estimators. The objectives of the approaches are the adjustment of p-values of individual endpoints to identify the affected endpoints as well as the global test of an overall effect. A Monte Carlo simulation was conducted to evaluate the overall family wise error (FWE) rates of the single-step down p-value adjustment approach from two adjustment methods to three global test statistics. The p-value adjustment approach seems to control the FWE better than the global approach Applications of the proposed methods are illustrated by analyzing a carcinogenicity experiment designed to study the dose response trend for 10 tumor sites, and a developmental toxicity experiment with three malformation types: external, visceral, and skeletal.     

康乾南巡及其对运河区域的影响

康熙、乾隆在位期间 ,分别沿运河六巡江南 ,其主要目的是加强清政府对运河以及江南地区的统治。由于二人所处的时代政治经济条件的不同 ,历史上所起的作用也不同 ,前者南巡 ,促进了东南地区社会的发展和稳定 ;后者南巡 ,则加重了封建政风的败坏 ,激化了阶级矛盾 ,清朝从此由盛转衰     

人的存在状态和它的物质性

马克思主义关于人的本质问题的基本观点，不仅深刻地说明了人的自然属性和社会属性的根本原理，而且还说明了作为主体的人本身与“人的存在世界”相互依赖、相互作用、共同发展的普遍规律。从而形成了“我们的世界”的独特时空观，为寻找人的存在状态的演变规律提供了物质性、社会性依据。     

甘蓝型油菜品种区试资料的非参数度量

应用秩次变量nij 和nij',非参数统计量Pi、Pi'、Si 和Dj 描述 1999年长江上游油菜品种区域试验资料。结果表明 :94 0 7N丰产性、稳产性最好 ,94杂 - 3、黔杂 97- 2次之。油 2 71丰产性最差 ,绵阳92 - 4 592稳产性最差。除曲靖、昆明点之外 ,其余试验点具有较好的代表性     

前置中频放大器性能的改善

通信机中的收信前置中频放大器 ,其性能的高低将直接影响整机技术指标。但其性能很不稳定。通过多次实验 ,证实其原因为 :晶体管选择不合适 ;屏蔽盒尺寸选择不当。通过实验得出了改善前置中频放大器性能的方法     

论就业观念的转变

本文针对下岗职工再就业过程中的思想观念问题,分析了传统择业观念的表现、形成原因及其危害,论述了树立新的择业观念的重要意义。     

我国司法解释存在的问题及对策

本文介绍了司法解释的含义及功能,认为传统的学术观念应与司法实践相结合;归纳了我国最高人民法院所作的司法解释的特点,指出了存在的问题,并提出了改进的建议。