漫游中的凝视——再读《黛茜·密勒》

《黛茜.密勒》是亨利.詹姆斯＂国际主题＂小说的一篇早期代表作,也是一部具有＂漫游小说＂性质的作品。笔者拟用＂凝视＂理论,阐释小说人物之间复杂的凝视关系及其有趣的凝视游戏。这一凝视游戏中,凝视者与被凝视者的身份悄然发生转换。黛茜在这场凝视游戏中有效地进行对抗性凝视,由凝视客体转而成为凝视主体,温特伯恩及欧洲文化则成为凝视客体,形成另一种＂他者的景观＂。亨利.詹姆斯在这一凝视游戏中完成了美国文化身份的建构。     

Inferences on partial linear models with right censored data by empirical likelihood

ABSTRACT

This article considers inference for partial linear models with right censored data. We use empirical likelihood based on the Buckley and James (1979 Buckley, J., James, I. (1979). Linear regression with censored data. Biometrika 66:429–436.[Crossref], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]) estimating equation to derive the confidence region for the regression parameter. We introduce an adjusted empirical likelihood ratio statistic for the parameter of interest and show that its limiting distribution is standard chi-square. A simulation is carried out to compare our method with the synthetic data approach in Wang and Li (2002 Wang, Q.-H., Li, G. (2002). Empirical Likelihood Semiparametric Regression Analysis under Random Censorship. J. Multivariate Anal. 83:469–486.[Crossref], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]).     

A comparison of biased regression estimators using a pitman nearness criterion

Biased regression estimators have traditionally benn studied using the Mean Square Error (MSE) criterion. Usually these comparisons have been based on the sum of the MSE's of each of the individual parameters, i.e., a scaler valued measure that is the trace of the MSE matrix. However, since this summed MSE does not consider the covariance structure of the estimators, we propose the use of a Pitman Measure of Closeness (PMC) criterion (Keating and Gupta, 1984; Keating and Mason, 1985). In this paper we consider two versions of PMC. One of these compares the estimates and the other compares the resultant predicted values for 12 different regression estimators. These estimators represent three classes of estimators, namely, ridge, shrunken, and principal component estimators. The comparisons of these estimators using the PMC criteria are contrasted with the usual MSE criteria as well as the prediction mean square error. Included in the estimators is a relatively new estimator termed the generalized principal component estimator proposed by Jolliffe. This estimator has previously received little attention in the literature.     

从权力话语看乔伊斯笔下的传统女性身份

从福柯的权力话语理论看,詹姆斯 乔伊斯小说中那些身处当时权力话语网络中的爱尔兰传统女性,其一方面处于服从男性的地位,另一方面又运用权力,通过话语来言说欲望,影响并创造更多处于服从地位的女性。她们深受当时宗教和男权权力话语的禁锢,无力挣脱社会、家庭、婚姻的束缚,其作为一个群体丧失了自我话语,失去了个体自由和私人空间。     

Cybernetic appropriateness review: Does it change physician hospital utilization patterns?

All hospital care can be characterized as either appropriate (i.e., efficatious and necessary) or inappropriate (i.e., services without benefit or services that could be provided in a less costly setting). A demonstration project combining an appropriateness determination methodology with a cybernetic control system was implemented in a study area that included six hospitals and approximately 400 practicing physicians. Project results to date indicate substantial improvements in the ratio of appropriate to inappropriate care for both hospitals and individual physicians. Evaluation research design problems and areas of future research are also discussed.     

从译本形成过程看理雅各中国典籍翻译的适应与选择

理雅各英译中国典籍在翻译史上享有重要地位,是理雅各综合考虑多种因素、准确把握目标读者、取舍翻译原则和方法的结果。从译前、译中到译后,翻译活动的每一步都体现了译者与翻译生态环境间的选择性适应与适应性选择。对理雅各译本形成过程的分析说明,译者作为翻译主体,应注重考量和协调翻译生态环境中的各影响因素,并与之形成良好的互动关系。     

亨德森课程领导理论的教育含义

亨德森的教育领导学理论在注重被领导者、注重教育、注重民主等方面,具有当代教育领导理论的典范含义。这一理论的知识创新产生方式,有别于萨乔瓦尼的知识横移方式。在当前,研究这一理论有助于我们在中国现实中创建教育领导学大厦。      

是“庸人”还是“全面的人”——《尤利西斯》中布卢姆形象分析

《尤利西斯》的主人公布卢姆是个复杂的人物。从存在主义的先驱克尔凯郭尔的人生三阶段的理论出发,考察乔伊斯的其他创作,布卢姆实际上是存在主义视野中实现了“真正”的“自我”状态的人。