Time and exclusion

Drawing on interviews with parents of children with complex disabilities in several school systems in a US state, this paper examines how temporal units such as the school day and school year and practices organized around artifacts like clocks and calendars work as ‘devices of temporal distanciation’ to separate children with disabilities from other children and exclude their families from critical relations with schools. The paper focuses on two kinds of effects: the ways differentiated timetables separate children and the ways constructing school time in bounded, discrete units limits the ability of parents and children to make key elements of their lives visible to the school.     

陈子展先生与近代文学研究——试析他的两部近代文学史

本着重阐述陈子展先生在中国近代学研究方面的成就与贡献。陈子展先生对近代学的研究主要体现于他的两部作《中国近代学之变迁》《最近三十年中国学史》,在这两部作中,他提出了在前人研究基础上的属于他自己独立思考的见解,这些见解对1898年至1928年这30年间的近代学发展做了有价值的分析与总结。两部作被学术界公认为在中国近代学研究史上具有早期开创性意义,至今不失其学术价值。     

日本“江户锁国论”质疑

“江户锁国论”在日本史学界流传已久 ,然而这种表述并不符合历史事实。江户幕府“锁国”的目标仅仅在于铲除危害其统治的天主教信仰。关于德川幕府的禁书政策是“锁国体制”下全面抵制西洋文化的重要一环的说法也是一种误解。历史事实是 ,在江户时代 ,除与天主教有关的汉译西书 4 8种之外 ,有关西方的书籍大量流入日本 ,从而促发了日本人学习西方近代科学和社会思想的兰学运动。江户时代 ,除抵制天主教之外 ,不但没有割断与世界的联系 ,而且吸收了大量的西方近代文化。“江户锁国论”的传统认识影响了人们对江户时代整体评价的客观性     

美国研究视阈中的三K党运动——以“中层结构”和“社会空间”理论为视点的论析

从美国研究的“中层结构”理论和“社会空间”理论来看,美国三K党组织作为一种“中层结构”破坏了美国社会文化正常发展所依赖的“社会空间”。三K党运动的演进过程是中层机制的消极构成在“社会空间”中的病态表征,彰显了美国多元文化的深层矛盾,成为美国文化史上一个特有的悖论。     

论少数民族传统技术研究的价值

中国少数民族传统技术是中华文明的一个重要组成部分,开展少数民族传统技术研究不仅具有重要的学术价值,而且是现代化进程中一项亟待抢救、保护和开发的艰巨任务。由于少数民族传统技术对于认识、改造自然和认识、改造社会具有多方面的功能,因而,开展少数民族传统技术研究的价值也是多方面的,从其最基本的自然科学技术和人文社会科学的二元价值中可以衍生出器物层次的、理论层次的、教育层次的、制度层次的、伦理层次的、精神层次的不同层次的价值,其中,认识少数民族传统技术的价值结构,探索如何实现少数民族传统技术向器物层次价值的还原,对于全面实现少数民族传统技术的价值具有重要作用。为此,有必要从思想观念、研究方法、文化功能、经济功能、资源保护功能、科学决策六个方面进行正确认识,以促进中国对少数民族传统技术进行研究的进程。     

"文化研究"的兴盛与意识形态的"退却"

"文化研究"日益成为一门"显学",而备受青睐的"意识形态"研究好像退出了文学研究的历史舞台。本文试图在阐明"文化研究"、"意识形态"概念内涵,辨析二者差异、互补关系的基础上揭橥"意识形态"在现时语境下的"改头换面"。     

Disability studies after the ontological turn: a return to the material world and material bodies without a return to essentialism

Over recent decades, poststructuralist theories have allowed critical disability scholars to challenge essentialist understandings of the human species and to contest discourses which divide humans into ‘normal’/‘impaired’ subjects with respect to a wide – and ever expanding – range of corporeal and cognitive traits. For critics, however, these theories are deeply flawed. By focusing primarily on language, poststructuralism shifts our critical attention away from the often harsh material realities of life for disabled people. This has led some to turn to critical realism and to effectively re-essentialise impairment. In this article, I wish to consider an alternative approach. I suggest that the recent ‘ontological turn’ in social theory has seen the emergence of new-materialist approaches – including Deleuze and Guattari’s ontology of assemblage and methodology of assemblage analysis – which allow us to consider disability as a material phenomenon without a return to essentialism.     

CULTURAL STUDIES IN THE CORPORATE UNIVERSITY

This essay is about the fate of Cultural Studies in the new context of the market-based reform of Higher Education and the resurgence of liberal capitalism. As the global corporate demand for educational services increases, universities are becoming more like businesses. The trend toward a corporate style university can be seen in the way that its educational mission is being subordinated to the criteria of the flexible labour market. Neo-Liberal forms of governance introduce economic calculation into what were previously social and bureaucratic domains. The emergence of Cultural Studies in the 1960s was a challenge from the New Left to both the humanities and to the historic national mission of the university. The rise of the corporate university and its Benthamite utilitarianism in the 1980s confronted Cultural Studies with its own hiatus. The essay argues that we need to revisit Cultural Studies’ early rejection of humanism and work out a new kind of'humanism without guarantees, if we are to adequately confront this conjuncture and find the moral and intellectual resources to restore Cultural Studies as a critical and engaged practice.     

Between Neo-liberalism and Neo-indigenismo: Reconstructing National Identity in Mexico

Heightened integration with the US coupled with the rise of an indigenous movement have challenged and strained long-held images regarding the US and the indigenous within Mexico. As a result, Mexico finds itself facing the difficult task of re-evaluating and reconstructing its national identity. This paper explores the traditional images of the US and the Indian shaping national identity in Mexico and the challenges posed today by neo-liberalism and neo-indigenismo. It sets out a range of current issues, explores the linkages and contradictions, and examines the state of national reform. Fundamentally, the paper strives to raise important theoretical questions and hence set the stage for further research into these issues.     

论宗教改革时期的德意志史学研究

1517年,马丁.路德（Martin Luther,1483-1546）首先在德意志发动了宗教改革运动,这场改革运动对德意志有全方位的影响。在宗教改革时期,德意志的史学研究取得了一定的成就,具有鲜明的特色,诸如注重对中世纪传统的继承、具有强烈的民族主义色彩和宗教实用主义色彩等。在此期间,一些伟大的历史学家也应运而生,诸如弗拉齐乌斯.马蒂亚斯、约翰.斯来丹等,这些历史学家的著作和思想对于近代史学的发展,有其独特的历史贡献。