积极心理学视角下的大学生职业生涯规划

大学生职业生涯规划应注重学生的体验式学习,强化学校的教育支持效能和引导作用。     

农村独生子女生育选择影响因素及测度研究——基于Multinomial Logistic模型实证分析

本文基于北京市昌平区的农村独生子女调查数据,利用效用最大化离散选择模型,对农村独生子女生育选择模式及影响因素进行了分析。文章不仅考察了个体因素、经济与社会政策因素对生育选择模式的影响,更重要的是从生育选择的预测概率、离散变化以及Odds Ratios等多角度对影响因素的重要程度、影响大小等进行了定量测度分析。并从中推断起决定作用的因素发生变化时,可能导致的生育意愿、计划与行为的改变,探讨独生子女生育选择对中国未来人口变动趋势产生的影响和政策意义。     

The Other Le Grand? Evaluating the 'Other Invisible Hand' in Welfare Services in England

Competition and choice have become central means of improving public services in England. The former adviser to the Blair government Julian Le Grand has suggested that increased choice and competition should be the cornerstone of policy that aims to deliver more responsive and fairer results for the public. This article explores Le Grand's claims, deploying the conditions earlier suggested by him to examine the conditions which 'quasi-markets will have to meet if they are to succeed as instruments of social policy'. Claims about the efficacy of choice and competition policies in 2007 are assessed against the earlier conditions of market structure, information, transaction costs, uncertainty, motivation and cream-skimming, to examine the extent to which the reforms Le Grand has most recently proposed meet the conditions he earlier suggested would be necessary for markets to work in the public sector.     

经济新常态下合作创新模式探究

我国经济已进入新常态,合作创新作为重要的技术创新战略纳入国家创新体系。从新常态的显著特征、国际经济形势、国家创新战略、科技快速发展等方面分析了合作创新面临的新环境,从合作创新的动力和目的的角度,将合作创新模式分为有明确的创新目标、有清晰的创新方向、立足战略领域和行业发展等三个层次进行剖析,并对经济新常态下合作创新模式的选择提出了思路。     

大学生群体对社会工作职业声望评价探析——以四川农业大学本科生为例

为了解社会工作目前的职业声望,本文通过问卷调查了作为社会先进群体的大学生对社工的职业声望评价。调查结果显示,大学生自身所持有的价值观、择业要求会影响对职业的评价,对社工本身的了解程度也是影响因素之一。笔者因此建议通过大力加强社工价值教育,扩大舆论宣传和提高社工福利等措施来提高社工的职业声望。     

固定效应模型对知情选择政策影响的再验证——以已婚育龄个体避孕措施选择的变化为例

利用固定效应模型对1988-2001年全国计划生育/生殖健康调查数据进行了再次分析,以量化考察知情选择政策对中国已婚育龄个体避孕措施选择的影响。研究发现,知情选择与已婚育龄个体避孕措施选择的变化之间呈现一定的因果关联。知情选择导致了育龄个体避孕措施选择的改变,表现为短效自控型避孕措施选择的可能性随着知情选择的开展在逐步升高,而长效医控型避孕措施选择的可能性在逐步降低。     

比较视阈下江西经济转型与女性高等教育体系的建立——以江西两所高校为例

新世纪以来,江西作为历史上农业大省,确立了工业立省、人才强省的目标。经济转型使人力资源成为首要问题。本研究结合江西经济和社会发展战略目标的重大调整,以两所本地高校为例,揭示大力发展女性高等教育的重大意义,并对比经济发达国家较为完整的女性高等教育体系及其女性人才的职业前景,为我国,特别是江西省女性高等教育体系的建立、女大学生就业保障体系的建立提供参考。     

大学生职业生涯规划指导中存在的问题与实践探索

开展职业生涯指导课是高校学生工作和公共课程体系的重要组成部分。实证调查研究发现,当前高校的大学生职业生涯指导课中存在的问题有：课程设计缺乏理论基础,对自我认识零散而肤浅,对职业世界缺少体验和实践,执行能力不够。通过课程实践表明,职业生涯课程团队辅导方式能够有效改进上述问题,充分帮助学生认识自我,了解职业世界并提高执行能力。同时,在开展职业生涯团队辅导课程中也需要注意课程设计方式和内容的灵活性与针对性以及团队合作互动等方面。     

Trapped in Poor Places? An Assessment of the Residential Spatial Patterns of Housing Choice Voucher Holders in 2004 and 2008

ABSTRACT

This study examines the residential spatial patterns of Housing Choice Voucher holders in Western New York in 2004 and 2008 (n = 4,600 and n = 4,759, respectively). It seeks to answer two questions: Has the concentration of voucher holders in impoverished and same race neighborhoods diminished overtime; and are voucher holders, particularly African Americans, relocating in patterns that would lead to reghettoization or the reconcentration of race and poverty? This type of residential pattern puts voucher holders at risk for resettling in neighborhoods that limit economic and social mobility. Data from the public housing agency contracted to distribute Housing Choice Vouchers were examined. Exploratory spatial analysis techniques were used to identify spatial outliers and to form a hypothesis on spatial patterns of relocation. Spatial clustering analyses were conducted to test the hypothesis on the reghettoization of African American voucher holders in recently relocated neighborhoods. Analyses indicate that African American voucher holders are moving out of impoverished, hypersegregated areas into historically White neighborhoods. A limited number of voucher holders are moving in clustered patterns, which lead to reghettoization. Future research is needed that highlights the role that housing assistance providers play in the residential location choices of low-income clients.