Flow Coordination and Information Sharing in Supply Chains: Review,Implications, and Directions for Future Research

Advances in information technology, particularly in the e‐business arena, are enabling firms to rethink their supply chain strategies and explore new avenues for inter‐organizational cooperation. However, an incomplete understanding of the value of information sharing and physical flow coordination hinder these efforts. This research attempts to help fill these gaps by surveying prior research in the area, categorized in terms of information sharing and flow coordination. We conclude by highlighting gaps in the current body of knowledge and identifying promising areas for future research.     

危机事件社会影响的评估和应对

随着我国经济社会的发展,危机事件社会影响的评估与应对越来越重要.危机事件的社会影响大小与事件属性和环境属性有关.事件属性包括人员伤亡与潜在受影响人数;环境属性包括事件结束后时长、媒体报道强度和类似事件发生频率.为降低危机事件的负面社会影响,需要建立整合的危机事件危机信息发布模式,并建立由政府、非政府组织、社区、家庭、公众等各社会成员共同分担责任的多主体社会救助网络体系,寻求全社会的广泛参与.     

Learning How and Learning What: Effects of Tacit and Codified Knowledge on Performance Improvement Following Technology Adoption

This paper examines effects of tacit and codified knowledge on performance improvement as organizations gain experience with a new technology. We draw from knowledge management and learning curve research to predict improvement rate heterogeneity across organizations. We first note that the same technology can present opportunities for improvement along more than one dimension, such as efficiency and breadth of use. We compare improvement for two dimensions: one in which the acquisition of codified knowledge leads to improvement and another in which improvement requires tacit knowledge. We hypothesize that improvement rates across organizations will be more heterogeneous for dimensions of performance that rely on tacit knowledge than for those that rely on codified knowledge (H1), and that group membership stability predicts improvement rates for dimensions relying on tacit knowledge (H2). We further hypothesize that when performance relies on codified knowledge, later adopters should improve more quickly than earlier adopters (H3). All three hypotheses are supported in a study of 15 hospitals learning to use a new surgical technology. Implications for theory and practice are discussed.     

略论人力资源外包管理

围绕人力资源外包管理这一新方法,概述了其理论内涵和目前国内外实践的发展现状,在分析“外包”管理的优势与意义、对适宜“外包”的项目范围进行界定的基础上,重点阐述了“外包”的六种方案,并指出“外包”可能导致的企业机密外泄和不利于企业人力资源管理技能、经验和员工积极性提高等问题,以期对企业实行人力资源外包管理提供一定的指导或借鉴。     

学习型组织理论对人力资源管理教学的启示

在高校人力资源管理教学中运用学习型组织理论对师资培养、教师角色定位、教学方法的运用以及专业知识体系的设计等进行了探讨,得出了几点启示。     

高校加强发展战略管理工作探析

结合科学发展观,对高等学校加强发展战略管理工作的意义进行探讨,分析了目前高校在发展战略管理工作中存在的工作机构建设滞后,管理缺乏科学性、系统性、创新性等,并提出了相应的对策。     

价值冲突与变革:新公共管理视阈中的西方公务员制度

西方公务员制度的价值冲突从某种程度上是传统官僚制的法理性价值与新公共管理的管理主义价值之间的碰撞。价值冲突的结果引发了西方公务员制度的一系列变革,即从政治中立到参与政治的转变;从终身雇佣制到灵活雇佣制的变革;从垄断化管理到市场化运作的变迁;从以规则为本到以结果为本的变化。与此同时,西方公务员制度在其变革过程中也存在一些问题,即放松规制带来法治的弱化;弹性化的雇佣制对雇员权利造成不良的影响;绩效管理在实施过程中出现难以量化的窘境;民营化引发腐败问题。因此,如何从国情出发,充分发挥政府与市场的各自优势,确立政府与市场的平衡点是中外各国公务员制度改革面临的一个现实问题。     

新公共管理运动的哲学底蕴论析——以后现代主义哲学为分析视角

新公共管理运动是西方发达国家政府改革过程中,解构与重塑传统行政范式的主导性变革运动。该运动对现代性理念的解构体现于对层级节制的颠覆,倡导用顾客导向和网络结构代替工具理性和金字塔型的行政体系等方面,但这种解构与重塑是不彻底和难以完成的。新公共管理运动的困境本质上是作为其基础的后现代主义哲学的困境。     

Staffing a Multiskilled Workforce with Varying Levels of Productivity: An Analysis of Cross-training Policies*

Service operations that utilize cross-trained employees face complex workforce staffing decisions that have important implications for both cost and productivity. These decisions are further complicated when cross-trained employees have different productivity levels in multiple work activity categories. A method for policy analysis in such environments can be beneficial in determining low-cost staffing plans with appropriate cross-training configurations. In this paper, we present an integer linear programming model for evaluating cross-training configurations at the policy level. The objective of the model is to minimize workforce staffing costs subject to the satisfaction of minimum labor requirements across a planning horizon of a single work shift. The model was used to evaluate eight cross-training structures (consisting of 36 unique cross-training configurations) across 512 labor requirement patterns. These structures, as well as the labor requirement patterns, were established based on data collected from maintenance operations at a large paper mill in the United States. The results indicate that asymmetric cross-training structures that permit chaining of employee skill classes across work activity categories are particularly useful.     

Causal Linkages in Supply Chain Management: An Exploratory Study of North American Manufacturing Firms

In this paper we investigate the key causal linkages in supply chain management. We propose a conceptual framework and test this framework on data from 215 North American manufacturing firms using structural equation modeling techniques. Three major research issues are addressed in this study: Do sourcing decisions affect the degree to which firms achieve manufacturing goals of cost, flexibility, dependability, and quality? Does the degree of manufacturing goal achievement lead to higher customer responsiveness? Does the degree of manufacturing goal achievement lead to higher internal manufacturing performance? The study examines the relationship among sourcing decisions, manufacturing goals, customer responsiveness, and manufacturing performance. The results support the notion that an integrated supply chain involves aligning sourcing decisions to achieve manufacturing goals that are set to respond favorably to the needs of customers.