Point‐of‐Use Hybrid Inventory Policy for Hospitals

Modern point‐of‐use technology at hospitals has enabled new replenishment policies for medical supplies. One of these new policies, which we call the hybrid policy, is currently in use at a large U.S. Midwest hospital. The hybrid policy combines a low‐cost periodic replenishment epoch with a high‐cost continuous replenishment option to avoid costly stockouts. We study this new hybrid policy under deterministic and stochastic demand. We develop a parameter search engine using simulation to optimize the long‐run average cost per unit time and, via a computational study, we provide insights on the benefits (reduction in cost, inventory, and number of replenishments) that hospitals may obtain by using the hybrid policy instead of the commonly used periodic policies. We also use the optimal hybrid policy parameters from the deterministic analysis to propose approximate expressions for the stochastic hybrid policy parameters that can be easily used by hospital management.      

Partially Flexible Operating Rooms for Elective and Emergency Surgeries

In hospitals, the management of operating rooms faces a trade‐off between the need to be responsive to emergency surgeries and to conduct scheduled elective surgeries efficiently. Operating rooms can be configured as flexible and handle both electives and emergencies, or as dedicated to focus on either electives or emergencies. With flexible rooms, the prioritization of emergencies over scheduled electives can lead to schedule disruptions. Focused rooms can lead to imbalances between capacity and surgery workload. Whereas hospital administrators typically handle this trade‐off by employing either flexible rooms (complete flexibility) or dedicated rooms (complete focus), we investigate whether a combination of flexible and dedicated rooms (partial flexibility) could be a preferable alternative. The ensuing question is what is the right combination of flexible and dedicated rooms? A versatile simulation model is developed to evaluate different resource allocation policies under various environmental parameters and performance metrics, including patient wait time, staff overtime, and operating room utilization. The main result is that partial flexibility configurations outperform both complete flexibility and complete focus policies by providing solutions with improved values of expected wait time for both emergency and elective patients.     

Role of Random Capacity Risk and the Retailer in Decentralized Supply Chains with Competing Suppliers

This research considers a supply chain under the following conditions: (i) two heterogeneous suppliers are in competition, (ii) supply capacity is random and pricing is endogenous, (iii) consumer demand, with and without an intermediate retailer, is price dependent. Specifically, we examine how uncertainty in supply capacity affects optimal ordering and pricing decisions, supplier and retailer profits, and the incentives to reduce such uncertainty. When two suppliers sell through a monopolistic retailer, supply uncertainty not only affects the retailer's diversification strategy for replenishment, but also changes the suppliers’ wholesale price competition and the incentive for reducing capacity uncertainty. In this dual‐sourcing model, we show that the benefit of reducing capacity uncertainty depends on the cost heterogeneity between the suppliers. In addition, we show that a supplier does not necessarily benefit from capacity variability reduction. We contrast this incentive misalignment with findings from the single‐supplier case and a supplier‐duopoly case where both suppliers sell directly to market without the monopolistic retailer. In the latter single‐supplier and duopoly cases, we prove that the unreliable supplier always benefits from reducing capacity variability. These results highlight the role of the retailer's diversification strategy in distorting a supplier's incentive for reducing capacity uncertainty under supplier price competition.     

托育师资职业身份的边界划定与角色丛构建——基于组织边界理论

托育师资是支持婴幼儿身心发展的重要引导者,是高质量托育服务水平的关键,其质量的提升能够满足我国不断扩大的 托育照护服务需求。基于组织边界理论,能够从物理、社会和心理层面明确托育师资职业身份的边界及其作用,同时在边界属 性作用的发挥下构建出托育师资应具备的六种职业角色：分别是基于组织规制的制度遵守者和托育发展者、基于服务环境的 照护培育者和支持指导者、基于心理认知的职业契合者和认知调节者。鉴于此,为保障托育师资对职业角色的理解和能力具 备,从确定师资准入标准、完善师资培养体系、支持师资职业认知三方面完善托育师资职业发展体系,确保托育师资职业身份 确立和角色丛构建。     

国内外城市设计管控实践研究综述

城市设计管控作为城市设计运作过程中的重要环节,在指导城市建设、塑造城市空间环境品质上具有重要作用.我国城市设计发展历程不长,在不断演进过程中,需要大力借鉴和积累国外的优秀经验.该文从历史发展的角度,梳理和比较国内外城市设计管控实践发展的历程,以期为具体的城市设计管控方法提供一个宏观的参照脉络和体系.     

高等教育问题的“中国式”思考路径——读别敦荣教授的《高等教育管理与评估》

别敦荣教授的《高等教育管理与评估》一书体现了我国学者用“中国式”的思维和语言来思考和表达对我国高等教育的态度、观点和价值判断,反映出理论研究与实践研究紧密结合、理论研究的前瞻性和现实性、概念运用的规范性和准确性等特点。     

机构投资者持股对信息披露的治理作用研究——以管理层盈余预告为例

本文以我国A股上市公司2004-2007年盈余预告披露数据为例,实证检验了机构投资者对信息披露的治理作用。结果发现:(1)随着机构投资者持股比例的增加,管理层采取的盈余预告精确性提高(更具体的形式和更小的误差),及时性也增强;(2)银行、财务公司类机构、一般基金类机构对管理层盈余预告选择的积极治理作用相对较强,而养老、保险类机构对管理层盈余预告选择的积极治理作用则相对较弱;(3)处于不同持股规模时,管理层盈余预告的精确性、及时性均随着机构投资者整体持股比例增大而提高。但是,机构投资者持股比例的提高易导致了管理层盈余预告的乐观态度倾向;(4)股权分置改革后,机构投资者持股对管理层盈余预告披露选择的积极治理作用比股权分置改革前有所增强。建议大力发展机构投资者规模和专业素质以优化投资者结构,促进我国资本市场的健康发展。     

珍惜学术表达的自由——对《出路与展望:直面中国管理实践》的响应与批评

在响应<出路与展望:直面中国管理实践>的主旨,高度认同"实践导向"在中国管理学术转型中的意义的同时,遵循"质疑、争鸣"的学术传统,批评了该文在"事实"和"逻辑"上存在的问题,进而呼吁致力于"创建中国管理学"的学者要珍惜学术表达的自由.     

探索基于海洋政府管理的一部研究力作——《政府海洋管理研究》述评

崔旺来的《政府海洋管理研究》是我国系统探寻基于海洋管理的一部基础研究的力作。该书选题新,观点新,层次清晰,结构完整,继承与发展相结合,理论与应用相融合,展示了新世纪国内外基于海洋的政府管理的研究前沿,具有重要的理论和应用价值。     

美国洛克菲勒大学出版社考察纪实——兼对我国科技期刊办刊体制的思考

通过对美国洛克菲勒大学出版社的考察与交流,提出了对如何办好我国科技期刊办刊的一些思路,旨在为我国目前科技期刊的改革与发展提供借鉴和参考。