完善我国知识产权保护制度的思考

人类社会正由物质型经济向知识型经济转变,知识经济迫切要求强化知识产权保护。建立和完善我国知识产权保护制度,必须实施科教兴国战略,使企业成为保护知识产权主体,构建健全的知识产权法律体系,宣传普及知识产权法律知识。     

Care for vulnerable and disadvantaged children in the Czech Republic

The problematic issue of care for vulnerable and disadvantaged children in the Czech Republic, highlighted in this article, stems from the large number of children in institutional care. Workers from the Department for Social and Legal Child Protection (OSPOD) may get involved if there are factors in the family jeopardising the child's healthy development that cannot be improved, and institutional care may be recommended. This article discusses factors that influence and many times complicate the worker's job and are often the reason for an adversely high number of children living without a family. Attempts to reunite children with their biological families are complicated by the fact that the family situation rarely improves. Therefore children returning to live with their own families face the same conditions they were previously removed from. A more positive option for some children placed in institutional care is adoption or long-term foster care. However, many children continue to spend their whole childhood in a care home. The authors describe the care system in the Czech Republic and point out its weaknesses and some controversial facts. They also discuss and evaluate the ‘National Action Plan’, a government policy document, which articulates aspirations and obligations for all government departments and organisations involved in the Czech childcare system.     

我国政府监管与电子商务及网络金融发展的关系初探

文章援引统计数据描述了电子商务及网络金融（包括网上银行、网上证券、网上保险、网上理财等）的发展现状,并分析了发展过程中所存在的信息不对称、技术风险、消费者权益保护、个人隐私权保护等问题,最后分析了我国政府监管部门已经采取的监管措施,并提出了一些监管举措：政府要推动发展、在发展中规范从源头上把关、提高监管的技术含量、监管中处罚与教育并重、加强全球性联合监管。     

基于分位回归法的农民工收入影响因素分析

 理论界对影响农民工收入水平的研究,主要是从总体上分析影响收入的各种因素所起的作用及其它们之间的相互关系。本文利用分位回归模型对抽样调查所获得的数据进行处理,对影响因素的各分位数分析,更为细致和深入地研究农民工收入及其影响因素之间的回归关系。通过分位回归分析,分别从农民工自身、社会相关管理部门和用人单位的角度出发,对提高农民工的收入水平提出相应的建议。     

滇西某大型筑路工地流动人口艾滋病风险分析

本研究采用定性与定量相结合的方法对滇西某大型道路建设工地流动人口的艾滋病风险进行调研与分析,该工地流动人口所面临的主要艾滋病风险是高危商业性性行为。深入调研发现,因其特殊的行业特征,工地流动人口中形成了对商业性性行为默许、容忍、合理化的氛围,对于所面临的艾滋病风险存在侥幸心理,各职业人群由于知识、社会经济处境不同,其与艾滋病相关的高危行为有明显差异。基于研究发现,本文对流动人口艾滋病预防干预实践、艾滋病预防研究的社会人文视角及未来研究方向等提出了讨论和建议。     

独生子女伤残状况及对计生扶助政策的需求分析

利用苏州市吴中区独生子女伤残家庭的问卷调查和小组访谈资料,对独生子女伤残状况及这些家庭对计生扶助政策的需求进行实证分析。结果表明：近七成独生子女伤残时的年龄在15岁以下,其中先天残疾占51．3％;重度残疾比例超过五分之二;智力残疾和精神残疾独生子女合计占比近六成;残疾后生活难以自理者比重接近三成。进一步分析发现,独生子女伤残家庭最需得到的帮扶依次为：为独生子女伤残家庭提供生活补助、为伤残独生子女父母提供养老保险补贴、提高独生子女家庭的医疗救助水平。基于以上结论．提出相关对策建议。     

农民工失业保险需求影响因素研究——基于深圳市农民工调查的分析

根据2008年5月对深圳市农民工失业保险现状与需求实态调查数据,运用Logistic回归模型,定量分析了农民工参加失业保险的主要影响因素。研究结果表明：农民工的文化程度、支出水平、再就业的难易程度、在城市工作的年限、长远打算和对未来生活的预期是影响其参保的主要因素,提出了尽快把农民工纳入失业保险范围、加强农民工的教育培训和拓展就业途径等政策建议。     

劳工品质、劳动保护与跨国资本空间转移——基于中印两国的比较研究

全球自由市场与低劳动力成本是比较优势模式发展的前提条件.劳工品质与资本流向正相关,劳动力价格、劳工技能以及劳工纪律性是劳工品质的基本内涵.劳工纪律性是社会建构的结果,政治机会结构与微观动员条件是两种主要的建构力量.较之于印度,劳工守规矩的品质是中国吸引资本的巨大优势.劳动保护需要与政治社会体制相匹配,这样才能实现与经济发展的均衡.中国不用担心劳工涨薪会导致资本外移,印度应该在政治社会结构允许的空间里一定程度地减少劳动保护,强化劳工纪律性.突破比较优势模式,通过产业升级完成经济增长方式的转型才是中印两国未来的根本出路.     

Looking at engagement and outcome from the perspectives of child protection workers and parents

This paper reports a study that sought to understand what facilitates engagement between parents and child protection workers and to ascertain the relationship between such engagement and intervention outcome. Quantitative and qualitative data were gathered through personal interviews with 131 worker-parent dyads (workers and corresponding parents receiving service) from 11 child protection agencies in Ontario, Canada. Measures included scales for engagement, parental well-being (depression and stress), and worker well-being (burnout, job satisfaction, stress). Outcome measures included perception of child safety, changed parenting practices and satisfaction. A relationship was found between workers' perception of parent engagement and parents' perception of their own engagement, as well as between the perceptions that workers and parents had around their own respective engagement. Workers who were satisfied with service outcomes were significantly more engaged than those who were unsatisfied. Parents thinking that their children were safer as a result of intervention were significantly more engaged than parents who thought that their children were less safe. The strongest reason given by parents for positive change was being able to trust their worker (p < .001) and believing that their worker was knowledgeable about parenting (p < .01). Qualitative data suggested that parents valued experienced workers because they thought such workers could better understand their problems and how to deal with them. Correspondingly, workers felt that experience enabled them to better understand clients' problems and provide more effective support. No relationship was found between parent engagement and parental depression or stress, but the mean depression score for parents placed them at risk of clinical depression. There was a negative correlation between worker stress and engagement. The study demonstrates that engagement between clients and workers is related to positive outcomes (as reported by workers and parents) and supports the contention that promoting engagement is integral to a successful child protection intervention.     

Parent-child supervised visitation within child welfare and custody dispute contexts: An exploratory comparison of two distinct models of practice

This paper aims to untangle the assumptions and goals of supervised visitation services in the child welfare and custody dispute contexts, through presenting a legal analysis and review of social science literature. There is confusion in the literature on the specific roles, duties and expectations of supervised visitation services in facilitating parent-child contact within child welfare and custody disputes. A framework is outlined for understanding supervised visitation services in general. The overarching tenets of these services are discussed, and the assumptions of safety, protection and parent-child contact are explored. The legal context of supervised visitation in Canada is outlined, specifically examining the ‘best interest of the child’ principle and comparing the legal backdrop of visitation in child welfare and custody disputes. The social science literature is then reviewed with the goal of discerning supervised visitation across child welfare and custody disputes. The limited research on outcomes for children and families after utilizing supervised visitation services is discussed. This paper concludes with cautions and considerations for policy and practice for supervised visitation in child welfare and family law contexts, as well as recommendations for both fields.