谷氨酰胺影响老年急性重症胰腺炎患者预后的临床研究

目的探讨肠外早期给予谷氨酰胺对老年急性重症胰腺炎患者氮平衡及临床预后的影响。方法把我科收治的120例Ranson评分大于等于3分的急性胰腺炎患者分为两组,试验组采用常规肠外营养加谷氨酰胺支持治疗,对照组采用常规肠外营养支持治疗,所有患者入院时都行APACHE-Ⅱ评分,所有患者无论是试验组还是对照组均按35kcal/kg给予肠外营养支持,试验组额外给予谷氨酰胺(华瑞公司生产的力太)0·5mg/(kg·d)。记录患者第0、7天APACHE-Ⅱ评分,记录患者在ICU期间感染情况、是否实施机械通气以及入住ICU的时间。同时监测患者第4、7天的氮平衡。结果对照组和试验组无论是在年龄、性别、体重指数及入院时病情危重程度上都无明显差别。试验过程中无一例患者死亡。在第4天和第7天氮平衡的对比上,两组无统计学差异;在第7天的APACHE-Ⅱ评分、合并感染的数量、住ICU时间、实施机械通气对比上,试验组相比对照组有显著的统计学意义。结论肠外给予谷氨酰胺对老年急性重症胰腺炎患者临床预后有明显改善。     

基于模糊粗糙集的高校教师胜任力评价模型的实证

在高校教师胜任力评价中,由于测评方法、测评环境和过程比较复杂,导致影响高校教师胜任力的因素存在许多不确定性,基于模糊粗糙集理论构建高校教师胜任力评价模型,可以有效地解决由于知识系统不完善、认识＂粗糙＂导致的评价失真的问题,从而建立起更具效率和效能的高校教师胜任力评价模式。     

Effective design of a global leadership programme

The purpose of this paper is to report level 3 evaluation findings from a leadership development programme. This paper comprises a case study, quantitative data analysis, and results from critical incident semi-structured interviews. A unique research model was developed from a literature review. There are many problems associated with the design and delivery of leadership development programmes. Senior executive-taught workshops, 360° feedback, and action learning were deliberately employed to increase the adoption and application of specific behaviours after the programme. The results substantiate previous findings on the impact of these elements by demonstrating concrete behavioural changes rather than perceived enhancement in leadership capabilities as often cited in other studies. The model should be further tested, applied and refined as necessary.

Organizations wishing to develop leaders could be guided by the model and findings of this research. A novel and innovative design model was developed from a literature review, tested against a leadership programme in a large well-known multi-national organization, and later refined based on the empirical results. It will be of value to HRD managers and researchers.     

Beyond the make-or-buy dichotomy: outsourcing creativity in the fashion sector

Both a resource-based view and transaction cost economics perspective point to firms deciding to either make-or-buy an input. In practice, this tends to result in low-skill functions being outsourced while those of higher value are retained. In this article, we explore a situation counter to the prevailing literature. We study a highly creative industry – fashion – and discover the relationship between core competence and outsourcing is not as simple as previously conceptualised. Creativity, fashion's assumed competency, rather than being guarded within a firm is instead often outsourced or borrowed. More mundane tasks such as marketing and logistics are what each firm rather develops. The effects of resulting co-dependencies are mapped and analysed in order to offer managerial insight as well as contribute to discussion within the outsourcing and resource based literatures.     

英汉翻译失误溯源——《高级英语第一册／第二册》教学参考书误译分析

文章应用波克特的语言理解模式,通过分析在源语文本理解和分析阶段各种与译者相关的语言因素和言外因素来追溯《高级英语第一册／第二册》教学参考书中英汉翻译失误产生的根源,指出译者的源语语言能力和言外能力是翻译各个阶段成功的基础,如果译者在第一阶段能力偏弱,就会造成“全盘皆输”的局面。英汉翻译中源语文本的解读、分析和处理失当是造成绝大多数误译的根本原因。     

终极关怀、研究能力培养与知识结构的完善——关于古代文学教学的几点思考

师范生的古代文学教学需要关注学科知识的完善,文学史的通史性教学必须与专书、专题研究相结合,使常识能够具体化。阐释经典作品中对个体和社会的终极思考,使古今沟通成为可能,古代文学就直接成为建构我们心灵的资源。文学史教学还要关注研究方法的传授,以养成学生的元认知能力,能对一些问题作出基本判断。     

农业龙头企业核心竞争力评价——基于广东农业龙头企业的实证分析

许多研究人员都从企业能力的角度来评价企业核心竞争力,忽视考量企业资源对企业核心竞争力的影响。结合企业资源和能力,利用2004年广东农业龙头企业的调查数据,综合考察和评价企业核心竞争力,在此基础上分析了农业龙头企业在培育核心竞争力过程中所存在的问题。结果显示,企业规模对农业龙头企业核心竞争力培育影响较大,而创新能力对其影响较小,说明农业龙头企业的创新能力还有待提高。     

精泛合一，侧重语言能力——英语专业精、泛读语篇教学新探

通过分析现阶段国内英语专业基础阶段精读课和泛读课语篇教学的现状,提出将精读和泛读整合为一门阅读课方案,以解决精读和泛读在语篇教学上重复的问题,提高学生实际运用英语的能力,从而实现语言交际的目的。     

Relationships matter: the problems and prospects for social workers' relationships with young children in care

One of the key lessons learnt in the UK from the Laming Inquiry into the death of Victoria Climbié was the importance of social workers developing consistent and long-term relationships with young children in whose lives they are involved. This issue is now informing policy developments, including the proposed Social Work Practices which, based on a similar model to General Practitioner practices, aim to provide a lead professional to act as a parental figure and an advocate for every child in care. This paper begins by confirming the importance of developing relationships between social workers and young children, but questions the ability of the new policy developments to facilitate these. Drawing upon data from research involving interviews with social workers, the paper outlines the factors which hinder social workers' relationships with young children and argues that while the new proposals address some of the more surface structural and organizational factors, they do not address the deeper factors regarding attitudes, values and emotional competence which are crucial if social workers are to successfully build relationships with young children in care.     

元认知能力在英语阅读中的培养

元认知在外语阅读理解过程中有着重要的作用,但是如果教师在阅读教学过程中对它的认识不够,通常容易忽略培养学生有效使用元认知策略这个环节,因此很难从根本意义上帮助学生提高阅读效果,改善阅读教学效果。本文欲在前人研究的基础之上,试图论述元认知以及元认知在外语阅读中的作用,最后探讨英语教师在阅读课上该如何培养学习者元认知能力。