‘It's [the] Culture,Stupid!’ Why ‘Adding Culture’ is Unlikely to Make Any Serious Difference to International Developmentalism

What major difference adding an extra ingredient—‘culture’—may make to a standard concoction—‘international developmentalism’—depends in part on how friendly the concoction is to what is to be added—and (with apologies to Jan Nederveen Pieterse) stirred. Therefore any hopes for any cultural re-turn in development studies should not neglect their cognitive iconography and the obstacles this may pose to what is desired. Six strands in the iconography of international developmentalism are highlighted in this paper: its high doctrine/low scholarship character, appetite for single best-fitting regression-type modelling and die-hard positivism, reliance on lethal binaries that kill existential and practical concerns, disposition to ready-made solutions in search of problems to attach themselves to, and ‘no politics please we are experts’ stances.     

LCCM理论框架下词汇隐喻的意义构建

“词汇概念和认知模式”（LCCM理论）以词汇概念为出发点,提出了一个语义构建和理解的认知框架,兼顾了语言组成成分意义和概念知识结构在意义构建中的作用。基于这个理论,文章通过一个具体的实例分析探讨了词汇隐喻的意义构建和理解过程。     

Return to work: A comparison of two cognitive behavioural interventions in cases of work-related psychological complaints among the self-employed

Abstract

We investigated the effectiveness of cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) and a combined intervention of workplace- and individual-focused techniques among self-employed people on sick leave owing to work-related psychological complaints (such as anxiety, depression, and burnout). Both interventions were based on CBT; however, one was conducted by psychotherapists and involved extensive CBT, while the other was delivered by “labour experts” and consisted of a brief CBT-derived intervention combined with both individual-focused and workplace interventions. One hundred and twenty-two self-employed people who had applied for sickness benefit from an insurance company enrolled in a randomized controlled design. These individuals were assessed before the intervention and then at 4 months and 10 months after the onset of the intervention. The outcome was assessed based on duration of sick leave until partial and full return to work and on psychological complaints. Significant effects on partial and full return were found in favour of the combined intervention: partial return occurred 17 and 30 days earlier in this group than in the CBT group and the control group, respectively. For full return to work, the difference was approximately 200 days. A decrease in psychological complaints was present in each condition but we found no significant interaction effects. The results suggest that work resumption should be addressed earlier in individuals receiving CBT. This insight is of value for the (scarce) literature concerning interventions for individuals who are on sick leave owing to work-related psychological complaints.     

构建认知理论视角下的汉语教学系统设计模式

教学系统设计模式既可以指导教学实践,又能为教学管理决策提供指南和依据。本文以系统论和认知学习理论为理论基础,结合内蒙古地区高校蒙汉双语教学中的汉语课程教学实践,阐述了设计汉语教学系统模式的原则,并在这些原则的指导下,尝试构建了"探究发现式"汉语教学系统设计模式,以期实现汉语教学的最优化。     

转喻的理想化认知模型与英语词汇自主学习

理想化认知模型与范畴化密切相关,是认知语言学理论的重要内容之一。理想化认知模型能够生成基于转喻的各类典型性效应,用以说明原型范畴的内在结构。在英语词汇教学中,教师需要引导学生理解并掌握源自转喻的各类典型性效应,使它们成为有效的词汇教学方法和重要的自主学习策略。     

语篇的连贯性与汉语长句形成机制的认知分析

语篇分析诞生于上个世纪50—60年代,目前已成为语言学学科的重要分支之一。尤其是上个世纪末至今,语篇分析经历了从形式到意义到认知的逐步深入的过程。相对于印欧语言,汉语的句法有其独特性。从语篇连贯和语义认知的角度对汉语长句的形成机制进行分析是解决汉语长句或大于长句的语言单位的语法分析的有效手段之一。     

语言个性化认知的理论探索

认知语言学在摆脱了行为主义理论束缚,发生了以信息加工为基底、以认知者的心智活动为主体的研究转向之后,继而又发生了以体验哲学为哲学基础、以主观与客观相结合为研究方法、以感知体验与认知之间的关系为研究对象的二次转向。由此,认知者的生物性、社会性及主观能动性等被纳入其研究视野。而作为认知主体的"人",因其自身的心智体验、文化背景、思想、动机、兴趣以及理解的灵活性等,则表现出了鲜明的个性化特征。本文对语言认知个性化生成因素的理论探索,旨在揭示语言个性化认知的意义,并初步搭建语言个性化认知的理论架构。     

试探英语阅读的认知过程和认知心理及阅读课堂教学设计

阅读是语言学习的一项重要技能。作为强大的语言文化输入源,阅读有助于巩固和扩大词汇、丰富语言文化知识。此外,阅读可以多方面地提高语言运用的能力,还可以训练思维能力、理解能力、概括能力与判断能力。在语言学习的听、说、读、写、译五大技能中,阅读的支撑作用决定了对阅读认知过程和认知心理探讨的意义。本文探知阅读的认知原理和认知过程面面观用于指导阅读教学的课程设计并具体探讨可行的英语阅读课堂教学设计。     

认知图式与大学英语整体阅读教学

作者以认知图式理论和它的发展为基础,从内容图式、文化图式和语篇教学三个方面阐述了大学英语整体阅读教学的必要性.通过对本课题的研究,可得出如下启示:语篇教学法的运用效率与学生图式知识的建构成正相关,因此,阅读教学应最大限度地赋予学生更多的新知,尤其是文化背景知识,在其大脑中建立尽可能多的新图式.