介词in的认知语义研究

在认知语言学的理论框架内,对介词in的语义进行了深入研究,确立了in的核心语义为其方位义,并通过进一步分析in的义项扩展过程证实in的核心方位语义通过隐喻及意象图示的转换等方式扩展到其他领域中而形成了in的众多的其他语义项.整个in的语义结构呈现出以方位语义为核心向外拓展的辐射语义网络结构.     

论文化图式和英语文化词语的翻译

文章运用图式理论分析文化图式和英语文化词汇的翻译,指出译者要正确理解英语文化词汇体现的文化图式,同时采取不同的翻译手段,在关注读者已有图式的同时,促进文化的交流.     

Concept mapping—An effective method for identifying diversity and congruity in cognitive style

This paper investigates the effects of cognitive style for decision making on the behaviour of participants in different phases of the group concept mapping process (GCM). It is argued that cognitive style should be included directly in the coordination of the GCM process and not simply considered as yet another demographic variable. The cognitive styles were identified using the Kirton Adaption-Innovation Inventory, which locates each person’s style on a continuum ranging from very adaptive to very innovative. Cognitive style could explain diversity in the participants’ behaviour in different phases of the GCM process. At the same time, the concept map as a group’s common cognitive construct can consolidate individual differences and serves as a tool for managing diversity in groups of participants. Some of the results were that: (a) the more adaptive participants generated ideas that fit to a particular, well-established and consensually agreed paradigm, frame of reference, theory or practice; (b) the more innovative participants produced ideas that were more general in scope and required changing a settled structure (paradigm, frame of reference, theory or practice); and (c) the empirical comparison of the map configurations through Procrustes analysis indicated a strong dissimilarity between cognitive styles.     

Missing the best opportunity; who can seize the next one? Agents show less inaction inertia than personal decision makers

Inaction inertia is a prevalent consumer decision bias, whereby missing a superior opportunity decreases the likelihood of acting on a subsequent opportunity in the same domain. We assume that a cognitive focus accounts for the inaction inertia effect. Individuals focus more on losses (the association between the current opportunity and missed opportunity) than gains (the association between the current opportunity and original states), therefore showing the inaction inertia effect. We also propose a self–other difference in inaction inertia: agents exhibit less inaction inertia than personal decision makers as they focus more on gains than losses compared to personal decision makers. In Study 1, agents were less trapped in inaction inertia than personal decision makers. Cognitive focus was measured with eye-tracking techniques in Study 2 and a self-reported item in Study 3. Agents were observed as focusing less on losses than gains compared to personal decision makers. This cognitive focus difference explained the self–other difference in inaction inertia. In Study 4, both types of decision makers were less susceptible to inaction inertia when focusing on gains than losses.     

Social creativity as a function of agent cognition and network properties: A computer model

Inventions – concepts, devices, procedures – are often created by networks of interacting agents in which the agents can be individuals (as in a scientific discipline) or they can themselves be collectives (as in firms interacting in a market). Different collectives create and invent at different rates. It is plausible that the rate of invention is jointly determined by properties of the agents (e.g., their cognitive capacity) and by properties of the network of interactions (e.g., the density of the communication links), but little is known about such two-level interactions. We present an agent-based model of social creativity in which the individual agent captures key features of the human cognitive architecture derived from cognitive psychology, and the interactions are modeled by agents exchanging partial results of their symbolic processing of task information. We investigated the effect of agent and network properties on rates of invention and diffusion in the network via systematic parameter variations. Simulation runs show, among other results, that (a) the simulation exhibits network effects, i.e., the model captures the beneficial effect of collaboration; (b) the density of connections produces diminishing returns in term of the benefits on the invention rate; and (c) limits on the cognitive capacity of the individual agents have the counterintuitive consequence of focusing their efforts. Limitations and relations to other computer simulation models of creative collectives are discussed.     

文化背景对语言学习行为的影响

研究语言学习者的文化归属与其语言学习行为之间的关系。通过尼日利亚学生与中国学生英语阅读策略的对比 ,分析学习者的文化背景和母语启蒙方式对其英语阅读策略产生重要影响的原因。文章最后指出 ,在充分认识文化影响的同时不能忽略个体差异 ,即应避免简单的“文化决定论”     

认知风格管理决策影响的实验研究

本研究通过实验室实验,探索了企业管理者的认知风格对决策的影响。研究结果表明,认知风格的不同会导致企业管理者决策方案选择的差异。     

听力理解中图式理论局限性的研究

图式理论在英语听力理解中的作用已成为广泛研究的领域。本文通过对非英语专业低年级学生的一次教学实验,旨在探讨内容图式和语言图式在听力理解不同类题型中所产生的影响和作用。在对其结果进行了量化和质性分析与讨论后得出结论。最后指出了研究的现实意义。     

从认知到实践——哲学史视域中马克思"完全彻底的"人本主义

立足于认知理性的人本主义确立了人的主体地位,最终却将人归结为与物毫无区别的直观的、抽象的存在物.马克思从实践论的视角出发,把人看作是生成的、展开的、自为的存在,弥合了个人与社会、人的现实性与历史性的割裂,发现了摆脱"人的依赖关系"和"物的依赖关系"的秘密,为"全人类的解放"乃至"人是目的"的实现提供了现实的途径.