高校图书馆与新时期信息素质教育

信息是当今社会最重要的资源之一,人们对信息的需求正呈现出多层次、多样化的形式。在新的信息环境下,高校图书馆应与时俱进地积极转变观念,拓展教学内容,规范相关要求,在信息素质教育中作出突出的贡献。     

人文创新对科技创新的影响

科技创新活跃时代的成因涉及到诸多的科学因素和社会因素,其中人文创新的影响是不可缺少的一个重要因素。人文创新对科技创新有着多层面的影响,基本层面和主要途径是:人文创新通过思想解放运动引发科技创新活跃时代的到来;人文创新通过社会制度变迁改变科技创新的人文环境;人文创新通过战略政策调整导引科技创新的主攻方向;人文创新通过教育制度改革提升人才队伍的素质。     

试论钱学森在马克思主义哲学领域的卓越成就

钱学森不仅是一位伟大的科学家,而且是一位杰出的马克思主义哲学家。他关于现代科学技术体系、复杂性、思维科学、产业革命、社会主义建设总体设计部等问题的论述,极大地丰富和发展了辩证唯物主义,也标志着他在马克思主义哲学领域的卓越成就。学习和研究钱学森以辩证唯物主义为最高概括的整体学术思想与方法,对21世纪中国的发展具有重大意义。     

项目教学法在移动通信课程中的应用探讨

项目教学法以课程内容为中心,学生为主体,把学生融入有意义的项目任务中,使学生积极主动地学习知识,同时提高学生的实践技能和团队精神。实践表明,在移动通信课程教学中应用项目教学法能取得良好的教学效果。     

管理信息系统课程的教学探索

管理信息系统是经管类专业的必修课程之一,随着信息技术、计算机和网络技术的快速发展,管理信息系统课程在教学内容和教学方式上要不断地进行更新和优化.根据目前高校实际教学情况,分析了管理信息系统课程教学中存在的诸如教学内容缺乏针对性、教学方法单一、教学过程不注重实践环节等问题,提出了更新教学内容、改进教学方法和优化实践环节的教学改革思路和方案.     

The Career Advancement Prospects of Managers and Professionals: Are MIS Employees Unique?

The present study examined the career advancement prospects of MIS and non-MIS employees, as well as the relationships of career advancement prospects with job performance evaluations, job satisfaction, career satisfaction, and organizational commitment for MIS and non-MIS professionals and managers. Participants included 134 MIS professionals and managers and 397 non-MIS professionals and managers of a large communications company. The results provided no evidence that MIS employees experience more restricted career advancement prospects than non-MIS employees. In addition, job performance evaluations generally had positive effects on career advancement prospects; career advancement prospects had a number of positive effects on job satisfaction, career satisfaction, and organizational commitment; and job satisfaction and career satisfaction had positive effects on organizational commitment. These findings are related to prior research, suggestions for future research are offered, and implications for the management of MIS employees are identified.     

Auditors' Assessment of Management's Disposition: An Attributional Analysis*

Auditors' assessment of management's dispositions presumably affects their subsequent judgments. However, little is known about the process by which auditors infer characteristics of management. This paper proposes the theory of correspondent inferences [25] as a framework for examining auditors' assessment of management's dispositions; the model is tested in a laboratory experiment using experienced audit managers. The results are consistent with the proposed theoretical framework. Implications for future research are discussed.     

Fading Frames: Data Presentation and Framing Effects*

This article describes three experiments that investigate the impact of data presentation on framing, which is the differential evaluation of objectively equivalent information given different frames of reference. The experiments were designed to vary the amount of information and the format of presentation (tables versus graphs) provided to the decision maker to gain an understanding of the mechanism underlying framing. The inferred information model proposed by Johnson and Levin [11] is utilized to explain the results of the three experiments in terms of the redistribution of weights attached by the decision makers to the attributes of the prospective outcomes. The results of the three experiments indicate that framing effects are observed only when the presentation of data facilitates the shifting of weights among the attributes of the available alternatives. The results further indicate that framing is eliminated as more information is displayed. However, presentation of additional information does not eliminate framing when a graphical format is utilized. Finally, no framing effects are observed when uneven amounts of information are used to describe two alternatives in the same decision task.     

A Learning Curve Analysis of Expert System Use*

In this article, we study how an expert system affects novice problem solving in a financial risk analysis domain. We demonstrate that novice performance is improved after exposure to an expert system. Further, we show that novice performance continues to improve when the system is withdrawn. By comparing learning curves for people with exposure to those without, we can assess how much the system has benefitted its users. We demonstrate a quantitative methodology to measure the increment of learning due to the use of an information technology. We also explore the issue of how expertise is transferred from the system to the user.     

The Design of a Knowledge-Based Decision Support System to Support the Information Analyst in Determining Requirements

Decision support system (DSS) researchers and designers continue to look for unstructured organizational tasks where there is a critical need for intelligent computer-based support. One such decision task is information requirements determination. Requirements determination is recognized as the most crucial phase of the systems development life cycle. Unfortunately, most methodologies and CASE tools focus only on how to specify the requirements once they are determined. There is very little computer support for the process of determining requirements. This paper discusses the conceptual design and development of a knowledge-based DSS to support information analysts in the critical decision task of determining requirements for the design of effective information systems. The expert modeling support system has the expertise to assist the analyst in studying the organization as a whole and in modeling the system under study in the context of the overall organization's goals and needs. The focus of the paper is on the problems associated with building the knowledge base component of the intelligent decision support system. A prototype implementation of the system is described.