关于信息技术教师“三个问题”的思考

在教育信息化深入推进的背景下,考试招生制度的改革对信息技术学科建设和信息技术教师的发展具有“双重”重要影响。信息技术教师自身所固有的矛盾决定了该群体在基础教育教学信息化中的特殊职业角色和使命。本研究以“我是谁,我从哪里来,我到哪里去”为主线,对信息技术教师的内涵、结构现状、职业角色和职责范畴以及职业社会化等问题进行了尝试性“异位”思考,以期对改善信息技术教师的社会认同,促进信息技术教师专业发展具有一定的借鉴价值。     

“数据主义”滥觞下的新技术人文：智能时代算法传播的价值转型

智能传播时代,算法和数据技术成为社会基础设施和底层逻辑,并在广泛应用中带来数据主义思潮的盛行。数据主义的哲学渊源来自古希腊时期的毕达哥拉斯主义,主张将万事万物皆转化为算法可以计算的数据,从而根本上消解了人的存在价值和意义;人不再被视为具有独特性与丰富个性的主体,引发深刻的人文危机。基于技术哲学的思考发现,经典人文主义过于强调主客体的二元对立,不可避免陷入决定论的困境。技术与人并不是二元对立的主客体关系,而是具有同构性,且内在于人的主体性之中的存在方式。因此,体现和呈现人性、维护人的主体性和独特尊严成为智能时代算法技术应然的价值导向。但是,智能传播时代需要对传统人文主义进行超越与突破,构建以“人-技”和谐共生为旨归的新形式。     

Early Steps toward a National Energy Information System

The Energy Information Administration, which is the statistical arm of the Department of Energy, inherited many data-collection forms, files, and publications from predecessor agencies. There is a legislative mandate to establish a National Energy Information System (NEIS). This obligation demands attention to certain issues: (a) scope of NEIS, (b) methods of collection, (c) methods of storing information, (d) classification and indexing, (e) methods of access, and (f) reporting and publication. Early stages of dealing with most of these matters are underway.     

Fifth North Carolina serials conference: “ Serials at the speed of write—Coping,” Burlington,NC, April 4–5, 1996

Abstract

The Pacific Rim Library (PRL) is an initiative of the Pacific Rim Digital Library Association (PRDLA). The project began in 2006 using the OAI-PMH paradigm and now holds over 300,000 records harvested from OAI data provider libraries around the Pacific. PRL's goal is to enable the sharing of digital collections amongst PRDLA members and the world, but greater unexpected benefits have been discovered. Through mirroring their metadata, PRL increases the chance that their data will be discovered in Google and other general search engines. With its many disparate collections, PRL is not a repository for traditional information discovery and retrieval. Initially users will bounce from a Google hit to the PRL metadata record in Hong Kong and then begin an intensive search on the original site which hosts the full digital object, in Vancouver, Honolulu, Wuhan, Singapore, or other PRDLA member location.     

A bidimensional class of optimality criteria involving φp and characteristic criteria

A new biparametric class of criteria for Optimal Experimental Design generalizing the families of φ_p and Characteristic Criteria is presented. Some properties of the Characteristic Criteria are provided: in particular, differentiability, monotonicity and convexity. A statistical interpretation is also offered. Optimal designs with respect to Characteristic Criteria are obtained for polynomial and compartmental models and an extension of the Michaelis-Menten model. A thorough discussion for the trigonometric model is given. The computed optimal designs are shown to be quite efficient for A-, D- and D_s -optimality. Thus, some of them appear as a natural compromise between different optimality criteria. A simulation in multiple linear regression confirms the quality of Characteristic designs for discovering significant differences between parameters.     

A network-based approach to integrated supply chain design

The inherent complexity of supply chains, combined with their economic importance, has prompted research in supply chain management. While there has been a significant amount of work reported in modelling supply chains, the effectiveness of these models in addressing the complex area of supply chain management is questionable. What is giving added urgency to the need for research in this area are the recent developments in communications that offer the promise of connecting suppliers, assemblers and customers in a seamless network of information that can form integrated supply chain management. This paper aims to address the deficiency in modelling by proposing a methodology that models the integrated supply chain as an abstracted network, called a Trans-Net. The Trans-Net approach offers three main potential advantages. First, the multiple participants in a supply chain can be modelled without undue complexity. Second, it is an approach that allows users to examine the interactions between different considerations so that important attributes such as cost and lead-time can be readily calculated and bottleneck areas identified. Third, it applies a mathematical formalism to the problem, with the potential of being relatively straightforward to computerize.     

Technology adoption and training practices as a constrained shortest path problem

Technology adoption is not a new venue for research. Much work of decision modeling, diffusion of new technology and statistical analysis of survey data has been done. Some studies focus on finding the optimal forms of technology to adopt within a complementarity framework, but there is no mention of finding an optimal path from a firm's current state to its optimal state. This represents a significant gap in the literature. The paper applies a constrained shortest path problem to training and technology adoption decisions by firms. Given the current set of training and technology adoption the method solves for what technology/practice should be adopted or removed from the complete set of combinations and in what order so as to maximize performance subject to budget constraints. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first application of the constrained shortest path problem to technology adoption decisions.     

Turnaround: from breakdown to breakthrough with Open Space Technology

This interpretive case study sought to fully understand and describe the turnaround experience from an organizational breakdown to breakthrough with the use of Open Space Technology. The turnaround occurred in a Roman Catholic parish. Participant interviews were used to collect the data. These qualitative portrayals provided insights and implications around the effectiveness and impact of Open Space. Four important themes emerged: the experience of breakdown, the deep longing for a breakthrough, the transformation of crisis into a turnaround and the effectiveness of Open Space Technology. This case study provides perspectives on how to effect transformation for an organization in crisis with the least effort and maximum impact within a short time span. It contains insights and implications for leaders and consultants to do the same.     

技术独立董事可以提高R&D产出效率吗?——来自中国证券市场的研究

与以往大量探讨研发投入影响因素的文献不同,本文从R&D产出效率视角,考察了技术独立董事制度对其的影响。结果发现,我国上市公司增加研发投入并未带来创新水平的显著提高。而聘请技术独立董事的公司能够提升R&D产出效率,并且当上市公司同时设置技术执行董事和技术独立董事时,R&D产出效率更高,但本文没有发现技术独立董事薪酬对R&D产出效率起到激励作用。本文的结论为我国政府和公司制定创新战略以及独立董事制度建设提供了参考价值。