多层超高砖砌体房屋的抗震设计研究

本文根据“小震不坏,大震不倒”的抗震原则,对多层砖砌体房屋进行了强度分析,对构造柱和混凝土事本抗剪强度的影响进行了分析,提出了只要严格加强构造措施,砖砌体结构的高度超过规范规定的限值也能保证其安全性的观点。     

论幼教建筑环境

我国在幼儿教育方面虽有了“开放式教育”,但当前托幼建筑空间组合方式多是分隔、封闭的格局,因而,为幼儿提供一个能提高他们生活、交往和与游戏相适应的良好的建筑环境,显得颇为重要。着重从幼教建筑环境要顺应新的教育思想和方式以及为幼儿的广泛社交创造条件的角度,来探讨托幼建筑环境的创造,以期对幼教建筑环境的改善和提高有所帮助。     

土木工程专业《混凝土结构》课程教学方法和内容探讨

文章从土木工程专业的《混凝土结构》课程着手,探讨了适应新变革需求的教学内容和方法,提出了自己的认识,以期得到广泛的重视和认同,从而保证相关教学工作能顺利进行。     

Residential Building Codes,Affordability, and Health Protection: A Risk-Tradeoff Approach

Residential building codes intended to promote health and safety may produce unintended countervailing risks by adding to the cost of construction. Higher construction costs increase the price of new homes and may increase health and safety risks through income and stock effects. The income effect arises because households that purchase a new home have less income remaining for spending on other goods that contribute to health and safety. The stock effect arises because suppression of new-home construction leads to slower replacement of less safe housing units. These countervailing risks are not presently considered in code debates. We demonstrate the feasibility of estimating the approximate magnitude of countervailing risks by combining the income effect with three relatively well understood and significant home-health risks. We estimate that a code change that increases the nationwide cost of constructing and maintaining homes by $150 (0.1% of the average cost to build a single-family home) would induce offsetting risks yielding between 2 and 60 premature fatalities or, including morbidity effects, between 20 and 800 lost quality-adjusted life years (both discounted at 3%) each year the code provision remains in effect. To provide a net health benefit, the code change would need to reduce risk by at least this amount. Future research should refine these estimates, incorporate quantitative uncertainty analysis, and apply a full risk-tradeoff approach to real-world case studies of proposed code changes.     

Halfway There? Policy,Politics and Outcomes in Community Care

The community care reforms which followed the 1989 White Paper "Caring for People"were apparently focused on addressing the needs of people requiring long-term care, and on achieving improved outcomes and better quality of life.
The agenda set out by the White Paper was for community care in the next decade and beyond. Half way through this decade, we question the extent to which the objectives of promoting choice and independence for users and carers have been achieved. The paper draws particularly on a programme of monitoring conducted jointly by the Nuffield Institute for Health and the King's Fund, based on national and local focus groups meeting over a two-year period. It proposes a framework for evaluation which consists of four components: the definition of desired outcomes; specification of service systems necessary to deliver such outcomes; promotion of access to services; and the development of supporting operational policies and resource allocation mechanisms.
This framework offers a substantial step beyond much of the monitoring of the community care reforms which has taken place to date. This has assessed progress largely in terms of the establishment of new systems and processes. We conclude that such changes were essential building blocks for delivering better-quality community care services, and in the short term it may have been legitimate to view their establishment as proxies for progress towards delivering user-centred services. However, monitoring and evaluation should now be increasingly oriented towards ensuring that these changes are in fact producing the desired service outputs and urn outcomes. We propose that our framework offers one such way forward.     

The Trans-Theoretical Model of Change: A Reliable Blueprint for Assessment in Work with Children and Families?

Correspondence to John Corden, 1 Brockfield Road, Huntington, York YO31 9DX, UK. Email: John_Corden{at}msn.com Summary In this paper, the authors consider the promotion of Prochaskaand DiClemente’s transtheoretical model of change (theTTM) to the assessment of parenting capacity, within the literaturewhich supports the Framework for Assessment. A number of criticismsof the model, originating from within its original area of applicationare reviewed, and considered in the context of the assessmentof parenting. The authors go on to raise certain questions aboutthe validity of transferring this model from the field of addictivebehaviours to that of parenting and child protection.     

中国共产党建设规律的科学阐释--试论"三个代表"的本质

在现阶段党的建设中,要坚持解放思想、实事求是,把中国特色社会主义的伟大事业不断地推向前进;要不断保持党的先进性,增强党的凝聚力,提高党的威信;要建设一支高素质的,能经受住考验的干部队伍;要坚持从严治党的方针,坚决消除党内的腐败现象.从而,不断地提高党的执政能力和执政水平,这就是"三个代表"重要思想的理论本质.     

现代木质建筑在中国发展前景分析

目前我国在木结构建筑的现代应用上无论是对材料的认识、选择和加工,还是对木结构建筑的技术要点、设计方法和技术规范等方面,同西方发达国家相比有相当大的差距。本文以南京"爱涛·漪水园"木质别墅为例,介绍了现代木质建筑通常可分为四类:壁式框架类型、预制类型、原木类型和大跨度类型。现代木质住宅建筑具有建设周期短,可移动性强;保温节能,消费合理;防火防潮,隔绝噪声;抗震抗风,持久耐用;设计合理,选择多样;地域不拘,建造灵活等优越性。这些特性加上良好的市场前景,必然会促进现代木质建筑在中国得到高速发展和普及。     

教学论学科体系建构的思考

教学论学科体系的建构与发展 ,是教学论学科成熟的标志。加强教学论学科体系的建构 ,首先 ,要从科学化、本体化、中国化三个方面 ,来透视我国传统教学论学科体系所存在的问题 ;其次 ,在教学论学科体系建构时应遵循如下几个方面的原则 :⒈教学论学科体系发展需体现系统完整性、时代性、多样性、独立性几个基本特性 ;⒉教学论学科体系发展必须扩大理论基础 ;⒊教学论学科体系发展应注意体现中国特色 ;⒋教学论学科体系发展应重视和加强教学科学研究。     

试析建筑空间向度的外延

通过对建筑的营造和建筑空间的分析,尝试表述新的空间向度。向度的概念就是建筑的范畴,它包括社会的、人文的、艺术的和技术的等。有了这个向度,不仅可以开阔我们的建筑思维,还可以让我们更清楚地认识建筑,证明建筑是人类文明的载体。