“和谐”视角下的社区建设

构建和谐社会已成为当代中国新的时代主题。社区是社会的细胞、前沿和缩影,和谐社区的构建便成为一种新的社会主题。本文即针对我国当前和谐社区建设中存在的问题,进行了理性思考和探索,以期有助和谐社会的构建。     

Evaluation of HIV/AIDS peer education projects in Zambia

This 1998 evaluation assessed the peer education programmes of HIV/AIDS projects run by four non-governmental organisations. A mini-case study approach was used and analysis was based on cross-case itemistic variables. The projects were assessed only in terms of immediate developmental outcomes to target groups rather than on long-term impact. The study concluded the following: (1) The projects had raised community awareness of HIV/AIDS; (2) Basic knowledge of HIV/AIDS was for the most part accurate; (3) There was anecdotal evidence of behavioural changes in terms of partner-reduction as reported by the projects, though the evidence was sometimes conflicting; and (4) There was evidence that certain traditional practices, which contributed to the spread of the virus (e.g. sexual cleansing and scarification), were becoming modified over time. The programmes were also instrumental in protecting human rights and enabling people living with HIV/AIDS to maintain human dignity.     

关于外语专业题库建设范式的探讨

本文通过对当前国内外语教育形式的综览 ,指出了外语专业的题库建设已成为当务之急 ,并通过对各种考试形式的分析 ,提出了外语题库建设的具体理论模式———以项目反应理论为基础的计算机自适应测试。文章就有关方面的实施提出了自己的看法。     

社区安全与环境设计--在"可防卫空间"之后

社区犯罪历来都被认为与社区实质环境之间存在直接的关系,本文回顾了近40年来与社区安全有关的环境行为研究后发现,可防卫空间、建筑规模、土地使用和空间结构等实体要素与犯罪和居民的安全感之间有密切联系,它们的关系是复杂的多层次的,而且还受到了社区的社会结构、认知和管理等多方面的影响。     

乌鲁木齐市经济人口容量动态仿真研究

本文利用系统动力学动态仿真方法,根据乌鲁木齐市历年统计资料,以现实性与合理性为前提,按不同的经济发展速度、投入水平分为三个不同的方案,对乌鲁木齐市经济人口容量从2000年到2050年的50年内的变动趋势进行动态仿真运算,从而了解乌鲁木齐市经济人口容量系统内外因素的相互关系,探索其中主导因素及相关因素的未来发展趋势。     

提高开启式2F48型活塞式制冷压缩机性能的研究

本文通过对2F4.8制冷压缩机热力过程的计算机模拟,获得气阀参数对压缩机热力性能影响的数据资料,以改进气阀结构。经过试验证明,可提高压缩机制冷量和性能系数10%以上。     

Re-evaluating the Community Question from a German perspective

The far-reaching effects of the social systemic division of labor on the organization and contents of primary ties make the Community Question an important issue for many sociologists. This paper looks at the personal embeddedness of families in three German cities (Berlin, Hamburg, and Stuttgart) and examines the Community Question with data collected at the end of 2003. It is based on the theoretical views of Wellman [Wellman, B., 1979. The community question. The intimate networks of East Yorkers. American Journal of Sociology 84, 1201–1231], who used a network analysis perspective to conceptualize “the Community Question”. The results of this German study generally support the results of Wellman's second East York Study. However, the network structures analyzed in my study vary from the three ideal-type models. Cluster analysis shows that Wellman's typology can be replicated relatively well in Germany. In contrast to traditional discourse related to the Community Question, particular network types are not associated with low levels of social relations. Moreover, structural factors do not explain the existence of different network types. Thus, the networks are not a product of only one community model. They suggest that it is less helpful to talk about “Saved”, “Lost”, or “Liberated” communities than it is to regard communities as a mixture of strongly-knit nuclear clusters and of broader, sparsely-knit relations that provide access to different groups and their resources.     

生态化是小城镇建设的可持续之道

在城镇化的进程中，生态环境的恶化主要表现为小城镇建设活动中本身对生态环境的破坏；城镇布局和规划上的盲目性，忽视特色，对城镇文化底蕴的破坏；将经济效益与生态效益对立起来等。要想实现城镇化建设的可持续发展，必须以人为本，立足当前，注重长远，把城镇化的生态化作为枢纽和起点。     

烟台市水资源承载力变化的驱动力研究

阐述了水资源承载力的概念、特性及影响因素,根据烟台市各县区的统计资料,分析了烟台市自上个世纪80年代以来水资源承载力变化的总体趋势和驱动因子。结果表明:人口、社会固定资产投资和GDP是影响烟台市水资源承载力变化的主要驱动因素。通过多元线性回归模型,预测出了2005和2015年的水资源量,并进一步预测了该市的需水量和缺水量。     

完善高等职业技术教育教材建设

高等职业技术教育的教材建设是一项战略性、基础性工程,对高等职业技术教育培养目标的实现具有举足轻重的作用,在中国高等职业技术教育要大力发展的今天,建立统一、完善的高等职业技术教材体系已迫在眉睫,应引起教育系统有关部门的高度重视.