Continuous outcomes stochastically mismeasured as discrete random variables: a maximum likelihood approach

In an economic model of retirement behavior, a continuous dependent variable was required; the variable could only be estimated discretely with error, however. Parameter estimates using this dependent variable and ordinary least squares regression are inefficient. In th is paper, we develop a maximum likelihood procedure which adjusts for this heteroscedasticity.     

Electronic monitoring,an alternative way of preventing aggression and helping social rehabilitation

Abstract

It has been said that Criminal Law is violence not only because of what it punishes, but also because of the way it does it. Violence is present in all human relationships, and as such, it is consubstantial to every system of social control. Despite this, the failure of imprisonment has not been its severity, but its inefficiency regarding social rehabilitation. This lack of efficiency can be palliated through the use of alternative systems of electronic monitoring in the penitentiary context. These alternative systems will not only enable an effective solution to the problem of overcrowded prisons, but will also mitigate the harmful effects of prison. Moreover, these alternative systems represent a good method to prevent future aggressions as well as to facilitate the offender's social rehabilitation. From this point of view, we will first explain the programs of electronic monitoring in Spain and second we will evaluate them in terms of social rehabilitation, cost-benefit analysis, human rights restrictions, privatization and overcrowding in prisons.     

吉林省人参旅游资源的开发对策研究

吉林省人参旅游资源无论是在量上还是质上,都在全国乃至世界占有重要地位,但目前我省人参旅游资源知名度不高,以“人参”为主题的旅游尚未进行开发.本文就吉林省人参旅游资源开发对策作了尝试性探索.     

文学艺术在地球生态系统中的序位--《生态文艺学》论稿之一

地球生态系统是一个有机、有序、运动着的“活体” ;地球生态系统大体包括自然生态系统、社会生态系统、精神生态系统 ;文学艺术活动是生存的最为辉煌灿烂的景观     

The role of market-oriented relations in public relations: The differing perspectives of managers and practitioners in the U.S. and Taiwan

This study explored the role of market-oriented public relations. The study involved two surveys; one explored the perspectives of business managers and another of the perspectives of public relations practitioners, and compared their views concerning market-oriented and non-market-oriented relations. While business managers and public relations practitioners of non-market-oriented relations valued the contribution of market-oriented public relations to organizational effectiveness in terms of revenue generation and cost reduction, practitioners of market-oriented public relations ascribed their contribution to organizational effectiveness in terms of media publicity and exposure. This paper concludes with a discussion of practical applications and theoretical implications.     

我国高校外语教学的集约化初探

长期以来，我国对专业外语的忽视，使得外语教育形成了起点与终点基本均为公共外语的这种粗放的教育模式，教育目的主要是为了应试而非国际竞争与交流。从外语教育的最终目的来看，在高级公共外语基础上乘势继续专业外语教育，才能从根本上解决我国外语教育集约化问题。就目前而言。培养合格的专业外语的师资不是技术问题、它需要高校前瞻性认识及优惠的政策。     

对悬赏广告的法律思考

:依托我国现行法律 ,对悬赏广告的法律地位和性质 ,悬赏广告中的遗失物或遗忘物 ,悬赏广告的法律纠纷进行分析、探讨 ,提出应尽快立法规范悬赏广告 ,在目前形势下解决悬赏广告纠纷 ,应本着诚信、公平原则 ,承认悬赏广告的单独行为性质 ,顾及各方当事人利益     

非单调二元非线性算子方程组的迭代求解

利用锥与半序理论和混合单调算子理论 ,讨论 Banach空间中非单调二元非线性算子方程组解的存在性与唯一性 ,并给出收敛于方程组解的迭代序列和误差估计 ,改进和推广了混合单调算子方程和一元算子方程的某些相应结果 .     

发展中的国际成人环境教育

本文回顾了国际成人环境教育方面的一些主要活动 ,并分析了发展趋势     

Conceptual Framework of Coalitions in an Organizational Context

Summary

Organizations are forming coalitions in their struggle to survive with fewer resources. Under the “Contract With America,” funds for human services are expected to be increasingly cut back. Organizational actors will continue to coalesce because of their compelling interests to serve disadvantaged populations in our communities. This article uses the political-economy perspective in presenting a conceptual framework of coalitions in organizational settings. We need access to various perspectives and models of coalition building in order to provide direction for organizational groups as they attempt to change the sociopolitical structures in which they must operate.