黑色旅游动机、体验与收获相互关系的实证研究

在＂动机-体验-收获＂模型的基础上建立了黑色旅游体验和收获的结构模型,并且选择南京大屠杀纪念馆作为研究案例,通过问卷调查,利用结构方程模型,对研究模型和研究假设进行检验,揭示黑色旅游体验和旅游收获的影响因素。结果显示：感知原真性和旅游体验共同影响黑色旅游收获,游客的黑色旅游动机能显著影响其感知原真性,拉力因子既是黑色旅游体验又是感知原真性的有效影响因子,游客对黑色旅游景点的感知原真性能显著影响游客的旅游体验;而游客的黑色旅游动机不能显著影响其旅游体验,旅游动机和旅游拉力因子之间不存在显著的相关关系。研究结果为黑色旅游产品的开发和设计提供一些有益的借鉴。     

对数字化条件下版权穷竭制度的再探讨

版权穷竭是在利益平衡的框架下,对发行权予以一定限制,从而保障商品自由流通的一项制度设计。版权穷竭制度是著作权法平衡精神的体现和弘扬。科技的迅猛发展使原有的版权穷竭制度再度失衡,需要法律重新作出调整,产生了版权穷竭的限制与例外。我国应在WTO体制以及相关国际公约的框架下规范这一制度。     

社群主义公共利益观和国家观辨析

社群主义是西方政治哲学的一个重要流派,它是在对抗新自由主义的过程中逐步形成的。祉群主义力图把社群利益置于政治话语的中心,强调“公共的善”优于“个人的权利”;主张“强国家”,反对“小政府”。这种思想对纠正新自由主义的理论偏颇有一定的理论和现实意义,但是这一以对抗性形式出现的理论不可避免地又走向了另一个极端。     

全球化背景下的生育保险法律问题研究

生育事关一国的人口素质。现代社会,生儿育女不再是家庭内部的私事,各国纷纷建立生育保险制度。我国的生育保险仍存在诸多问题,如覆盖面窄,生育假期短,以及因产假仅适用于女性导致的就业歧视等。我国应立法改变生育保险基金来源,生育基金由国家财政统一拨款,提高生育保险统筹层次,延长生育假期,并增加父育假以平衡企业在性别上的用工成本。     

婚姻偿付·婚姻资助·姻亲互惠——对农村婚姻支付实践的尝试性解读

农村婚姻支付正经历从婚姻偿付向婚姻资助和姻亲互惠变迁的过程。婚姻支付实践背后蕴含的是农村社会结构和文化意义的变迁,从儿子单面养老到儿女双面养老的家庭保障、重家族关系到重姻亲关系、子辈权利意识兴起与父权衰落等方面的发展变化反映了深刻的农村社会转型。     

公民环境公益诉讼的动力机制

在分析公民环境公益诉讼的外在价值和内在价值的基础上,对公民提起诉讼动力不足的因素进行分析表明,动力不足的内在结构缺陷表现为经济理性满足度缺乏、生态理性缺失和法律理性先天不足等方面。应着力开发公民公益诉讼动力。     

城市“外来蓝领”的就业与社会融合

利用中国人民大学人口与发展研究中心2005年7月在广东省惠州市的调查数据,以数家企业中的"外来蓝领"(即工厂、企业中的外来务工人员)为样本,对这些在企业中工作的外来务工人员的就业状况和社会融合进行分析。结果表明,这些"外来蓝领"对务工地的选择并非是盲目的,他们外出的动机开始呈现多元化趋势;随着国家一系列关于农民工培训和保障政策的出台,接受调查的大多数"外来蓝领"与用人单位之间签订了劳动合同,并对合同的内容有一定的了解,然而他们对政府的法规依赖性高,并且由于户口的限制,他们的社会保险在实施层面还存在较大的不足;尽管"外来蓝领"在与社区融合方面表现出较强的能力,但是同城市当地人之间的交流缺乏,造成其社会融合程度低,形成了"蚁巢"现象。     

Social insurance and children: The relationship between Social Security,economic well-being,and family context among child recipients

The relationship between social insurance, which provides families protection against certain risks, and child economic security is understudied. Using the 2004 Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP) matched to Social Security Administration benefit records, this article investigates the economic welfare effects of the child component of the US Social Security program. We examine how the poverty rate of child beneficiaries would change, absent Social Security income, and how heavily the family incomes of these children rely on it, by family characteristics. Our findings reveal that Social Security plays an important role in mitigating economic insecurity among children deprived of a wage-earning parent through disability, death, or retirement. Family structure, earnings, and employment status are identified as key factors moderating the effect of Social Security on child recipients’ financial circumstance.     

Child poverty and family policies across eighteen wealthy Western democracies

While a good deal has been written about the potential value of family policies in reducing child poverty in Western countries, few cross-national quantitative studies have been carried out on this topic. This article uses ordinary least squares regression analysis on panel data from 18 Western democracies from 1987 to 2007 to test the significance of family policies and other welfare policies on child poverty rates. It extends existing research on the relationship between family policies and child poverty by utilizing a broader data-set in terms of time, countries, and child poverty measures. The main finding is that all three of the main family policies studied – child cash and tax benefits, paid parenting leaves, and public support for childcare – correlate significantly with lower child poverty rates. Somewhat surprisingly, disability and sickness insurance also correlates significantly with lower child poverty in nearly every model and test. These findings provide valuable insight for future research and policy-making in the area of child poverty.     

When is brokerage negatively associated with economic benefits? Ethnic diversity,competition, and common-pool resources

There is a growing body of literature positively linking dimensions of social capital to economic benefits. Yet recent research also points to a potential “dark side” of social capital, where over-embeddedness in networks and the pressures associated with brokerage are hypothesized to constrain actors, having a negative effect on economic outcomes. This dichotomy suggests that context is important, yet the overwhelming majority of existing empirical evidence stems from socially homogenous populations in corporate and organizational settings, limiting a broader understanding of when and how context matters. We advance this discourse to a socially fragmented, ethnically diverse common-pool resource system where information is highly valuable and competition is fierce. Merging several unique datasets from Hawaii's pelagic tuna fishery, we find that network prominence, i.e., being well connected locally, has a significant, positive effect on economic productivity. In contrast, we find that brokerage, defined here as ties that bridge either structurally distinct or ethnically distinct groups, has a significant, negative effect. Taken together, our results provide empirical support to widespread claims of the value of information access in common-pool resource systems, yet suggest that in ethnically diverse, competitive environments, brokers may be penalized for sharing information across social divides. Our results thus contribute to an emerging theory on the fragile nature of brokerage that recognizes its potential perils and the importance of context.