制度公正的核心：实现权利的合理布局

公民权利占主导和支配地位,权力基于社会共同体对权利公正的追求而生。为避免自然的公正分配状态下权利秩序被破坏,国家权力主体在社会范围建立统一的、强制性规范,对自发秩序下的”权利分配的定分规律”以规则的形式总结出来,人为地划分出每一社会成员的权利范围。国家权力的产生是公正理念从美德领域转向政治的价值领域、人类社会由野蛮步入文明状态的标志。制度公正的本质是对个人所拥有的基本权利与应承担义务的合理配置。     

论公平、公正、正义与平等的相互关系

公平、公正、正义和平等的意义相近,它们有着一定的内在联系和相通性,在特定的境况下,甚至可以互换或者交替使用。但从学术研究的角度来看,它们之间在不同的语境、不同的领域中,其适用对象和含义又是有区别的,或者说是各有所侧重。在很多情况下,它们之间更是一个相互缠绕的关系。     

“罪名”抑或“具体犯罪行为”之析——对刑法第17条第2款有权解释的几点看法

相对刑事责任年龄的人犯罪,承担刑事责任能力与其年龄密切相关。立法上始终贯彻“以教育为主,惩罚为辅”的方针和“从宽处罚”的原则,对其承担刑事责任的范围作出了及其严格的限制规定。但如何确定犯罪的相对刑事责任年龄人承担刑事责任的范围、触犯的罪名等,在理论上还有待于进一步探讨。     

“内化正义”是何种正义?——试析柏拉图的政治方案

<理想国>开篇之后,迅速把前政治问题(幸福晚年)及一般性弱者政治问题(回报正义)提升到专门的强者政治问题(宪法正义),把焦点集中在谁应当握有领导权的问题上.柏拉图的方法论是类比,即"灵魂的政治化"和"政治的灵魂化"的比较.据此,他提出了一种"内化正义"现.其本意是用这种"新正义"帮助日常正义的重新确立,但在民主社会中的人看来,"等级集权正义"正是最大的不义.     

司法的独立与民主:价值整合和制度架构

司法独立追求法律职业主义和司法规则模型,司法民主注重民众参与和意志表达,法治实践中两者存在紧张关系.应结合后现代社会关系性质和秩序状况,按照法律商谈论理路对司法独立和民主两种实现社会主体权利和自由的方法进行价值整合,确立法官社会化、司法论坛化、司法能动化、解纷机制多元化等制度架构方向.     

Doin’ Meth or Doin’ Math: What Client Constructions of Social Class Mean for Social Work Practice

The voices of people experiencing poverty are underrepresented in social work research, public policy development, and practice interventions. This study explored the social class attributions of clients receiving poverty-related services through qualitative interviews. Findings reveal dynamic contributions of individual, environmental, and structural factors of social class positioning and significant stress and stigmatization associated with experiencing economic hardship. Participants indicate a sense of lived contradiction, viewing social class to be the result of fate while simultaneously endorsing individualistic attributions of poverty. Results have implications for social work research and practice, as well as poverty-related policy and program development.     

‘Power Differences’ and ‘the Power of Difference’: The Dominance of Secularism as Ontological Injustice

Abstract

Recent religious studies and international relations scholarship has highlighted secularism as a critical element in dominant modes of identity, power, and exclusion in global politics. Yet, the implications of these insights for global justice theory and practice have rarely been considered. This article suggests that the current dominance of secularism within global justice theory and practice risks undermining the global justice project. Specifically, I argue that secularism’s dominance constitutes an ontological injustice, where both alternative non-secular visions of the world and visions of alternative non-secular worlds are subordinated to secular ontologies. However, this argument raises a crucial question: if, despite secularism’s claim to neutrality and universality, the dominance of secular ontologies contributes to rather than ameliorates injustice, the question that remains is: what are the alternatives? The article concludes by exploring some preliminary responses to this question.     

Asymmetric learning in a short-term,macro-oriented international students’ exchange: an exploratory study

International social work organizations’ call for a Global Agenda for Social Work and Social Development emphasizes promotion of social justice-oriented policies. A major challenge for international student exchange programs, especially when the visitors are from affluent countries, is to overcome the asymmetric process of the relative lack of power, in student hosts’ in comparison to student visitors’ relationships, as well as to focus on macro-practice orientation. Through analyzing a case study of student exchange, we propose a set of pedagogical strategies that may help to overcome these challenges through using processes of mirroring to address this asymmetric situation. This exploratory research is based on a three-year assessment of a short-term, macro-oriented MSW travel study course between graduate students from two universities (in the US and in Israel) using an exchange framework. It includes a comparison of joint experiences of students using both written and arts-based data. The findings demonstrate that the use of relationship building and mirroring enables both hosts and guests to learn about their own macro-reality through the eyes of the others and helps diffuse asymmetry and create relationships not only on the micro-, but also macro-levels. Implications for teaching methods in international courses are discussed.     

The structure and vulnerability of a drug trafficking collaboration network

Prior research has established that collaboration networks exhibit heavy-tailed degree distributions, assortative degree mixing, and large clustering coefficients. Using court record data, we assess these properties in a collaboration network among heroin traffickers. Consistent with prior research, we find an exponential degree distribution and strong local clustering. However, the traffickers mix dissortatively by degree rather than assortatively. Using a graph sampling method, we show that a consequence of dissortative mixing is that targeted vertex removals have a greater impact on the connectivity and cohesion of the trafficking network. We also note the importance of degree mixing for characterizing and identifying topological weaknesses.     

Gendered Movement: Negotiating Youth,Sex and Harm in the US Carceral State

Exempt from the current bipartisan reassessment of the US carceral state are people with convictions for sex offenses. While movements against public registries for sex offenders are scant, a grassroots movement is underway. This article offers a preliminary analysis of the complex consequence of women's political work to extract their sons from the US carceral state. This gendered advocacy is mapped against shifts in the racialised US criminal justice system, where the fluid category of child/juvenile is often unavailable to youth of colour and/or queer youth, and criminalisation is offered to regulate sexuality, consent, age and potential harm.