哥梯尔的"协议道德"理论评析

哥梯尔在<协议道德>一书中,试图完全从个人利益出发推导出道德的原则.具体地讲,哥梯尔极力想证明第一,有理性的个人在相互交往中,遇到类似"囚徒悖论"情景中的次佳化问题时,愿意接受公正的、不偏不倚的限制性条款(即道德的原则),用以限制个人无止境地追求个人利益,从而避免次佳化问题,并实现共同的利益;第二,一旦达成限制性条款或协议,各方遵守条款或协议是符合理性的,即符合各方的个人利益的.以上两点在"重复性的囚徒悖论"情景中得到了很好的证明,但哥梯尔的"协议道德"理论仍然有其局限性.     

An Interview with David Baker,Poet and Editor at the Kenyon Review

Abstract

Alan May interviews David Baker, Poetry Editor of The Kenyon Review and author of 12 books of poetry (Baker’s most recent, Swift: New and Selected Poems, will be published by W.W. Norton & Co. in April). Baker discusses his work with Quarterly West, The Kenyon Review, and Kenyon Review Online. The interview also addresses the advent of online poetry, the explosion of creative writing programs, and some aspects of the history of The Kenyon Review and Quarterly West.     

Honour bound in Australia: From defensive nationalism to critical nationalism

The imprisonment and trial of Guantanamo Bay detainee David Hicks catalysed widespread public debate in Australia over issues of nationalism and citizenship. This article discusses the competing forms of nationalism that underpinned this debate, especially critical nationalism, which evidences both a critique of and caring for the nation. Following Ghassan Hage's notion of the dichotomy between national caring and worrying, the article looks at a theatre production based on the David Hicks story to illustrate the role the arts play in challenging and redefining our attachment to the nation.     

历史与想象:雷祖威、梁志英与伍惠明的小说艺术

雷祖威、梁志英与伍惠明是继汤亭亭和赵健秀之后步上华裔美国文坛的一代重要作家.从此三人的代表作品短篇故事<生日>、短篇故事<何所不死?>、小说<骨>中一些带有标志性的形式策略和一主题特征可见:尽管当代华裔美国文学创作在多元与复调的前提下已经越来越不受时间、空间和地域的限制,但是该文学想像的感人之处和生命力只能来自不断演进和变化的华裔美国社会和华裔美国历史,以及华人在此过程中生活、奋斗和憧憬的物质经历.     

Applicability of multiple matrix sampling to estimating effectiveness of educational programs

When evaluating the effectiveness of an educational program, a sampling strategy known as “multiple matrix sampling” is particularly effective and efficient when the goal of the evaluation is estimating group (as opposed to individual) performance. Although this technique involves sampling both program participants and items and, subsequently, different participants being assessed over different sets of items, the results may be used to estimate those which would have been obtained had all participants been administered all items. The technique is here described in some detail, with advantages and disadvantages discussed, and examples of its application are given.