Disability and social participation: The case of formal and informal volunteering

People with disabilities in the United States experience lower levels of social integration than people without disabilities. However, less is known about the association between disability and volunteer participation—despite an extensive literature on other disparities in volunteerism. This study uses data from the 2009–2015 Volunteer Supplement of the Current Population Survey to evaluate how working-aged adults with sensory disabilities, cognitive disabilities, physical disabilities, or multiple disabilities access, participate in, and maintain volunteer roles.Net of sociodemographic characteristics, adults with disabilities are no less likely than those without disabilities to report informal volunteering, although the presence of physical and multiple disabilities negatively associates with formal volunteering. Adults with disabilities report no fewer annual hours or weeks than those without disabilities if they are formal volunteers, but the mechanism through which they initially become involved in volunteer organizations varies. People with different types of disability experience different patterns of volunteering, and the sociodemographic characteristics associated with having a disability exacerbate many of these differences. Results suggest that adults with disabilities can—and do—participate in voluntary work, but may face barriers to accessing formal volunteer roles.     

Global Identifications: The Social Identity Behind the Globalised Sociocultural Anthropologist

My social identity as a diasporic Korean American male sometimes engendered doubts about my competency as a cultural anthropologist of South Korea. Such ethnonational gatekeeping by my ‘native’ Korean colleagues laid bare broader critiques of ‘the West’. Paradoxically, they also prompted re-entrenchments of nativeness (and implicitly, non-nativeness) by my colleagues despite their increasingly ‘non-native’ transnational identities. These embodied cultural boundaries are less visible (and arguably less consequential) to those viewed as recognisably non-native Asian (for example, white, Euro-American) or native Asian. But they are markedly visible and relevant to diasporic subjects who fit less comfortably within both boundary-enforcing classifications. The figure of the diasporic anthropologist reveals presumed racialised and gendered markers of difference—chiefly the unmarked but organising role of whiteness—conveniently subsumed under categories of ‘the West’ and ‘Asia’. Consequently, recent calls for ‘global anthropology’ against ‘Euro-American academic hegemony’ that fail to address this essentialising tendency, although important, remain inadequate.     

“信达雅”标准下《谈读书》两种译本的解读

文章在“信达雅”翻译标准视角下,对培根散文《谈读书》的两种译本进行比较与鉴赏。分析译者如何跨越语言的障碍、文化的差异,做到形式与内容的和谐统一,体现老一辈翻译家精湛的翻译技艺和严谨的翻译态度,从而进一步指导翻译实践活动。     

海合会国家与美国的安全合作

美国插手海湾事务,客观上使海湾各种力量重新趋于平衡。美国主导海湾防务,必然会按照美国意志行事,以使海合会国家的安全利益服从于美国全球战略利益,这与海合会国家寻求美国庇护的初衷产生了矛盾。随着时间的推移,这种矛盾越发凸显,海合会国家的不安全感也越发强烈。虽然这些问题目前不会阻碍双方安全合作的进程,但会影响双方全面合作的深度。     

简论郭沫若与蜀学传统(下)

郭沫若同胡适、鲁迅一样,都是学贯中西、既往开来的文化巨人,是中国文化转型期的旗帜性人物。文章从地域文化影响导致的文化感受差异入手,认真分析了郭沫若与鲁迅在反思民族文化传统方面的不同思维方式和形成原因,以及郭沫若与胡适在建设中国现代学术文化方面的不同建树和深刻影响。由此得出结论,认真研究郭沫若,不仅是蜀学向新蜀学的拓展,也是国学向新国学的拓展。     

科学技术学:一门正在兴起的学科

当代中国,科学技术学的建立不仅是必要的,也是可能的。科学技术学不是要取代自然辩证法,而是自然辩证法的延伸和拓展。作为自然辩证法指导下的一门新兴学科,科学技术学以科学技术整体为研究对象,从宏观上研究科学技术的本质、社会功能以及形成和发展的规律,其目的是使科学技术真正造福于人类。     

中国高等教育溯源—论北洋西学学堂、南洋公学和京师大学堂的创建

中国近代教育最早出现于18世纪40年代,它是由外国教会举办的一些学堂,其中有些学堂后来发展为著名的大学,但这些大学并不完全符合中国当局和民众对于国家独立、民族自强的发展愿望.直至19世纪90年代,中国逐渐出现了北洋西学学堂,南洋公学和京师大学堂,产生了中国近代大、中、小学和师范学校的系统学制.这是中国近代教育事业的划时代的创举.     

The Severity of Supply Chain Disruptions: Design Characteristics and Mitigation Capabilities

Supply chain disruptions and the associated operational and financial risks represent the most pressing concern facing firms that compete in today's global marketplace. Extant research has not only confirmed the costly nature of supply chain disruptions but has also contributed relevant insights on such related issues as supply chain risks, vulnerability, resilience, and continuity. In this conceptual note, we focus on a relatively unexplored issue, asking and answering the question of how and why one supply chain disruption would be more severe than another. In doing so, we argue, de facto, that supply chain disruptions are unavoidable and, as a consequence, that all supply chains are inherently risky. Employing a multiple‐method, multiple‐source empirical research design, we derive novel insights, presented as six propositions that relate the severity of supply chain disruptions (i) to the three supply chain design characteristics of density, complexity, and node criticality and (ii) to the two supply chain mitigation capabilities of recovery and warning. These findings not only augment existing knowledge related to supply chain risk, vulnerability, resilience, and business continuity planning but also call into question the wisdom of pursuing such practices as supply base reduction, global sourcing, and sourcing from supply clusters.     

阮元《研经室集》集外文辑佚

《研经室集》是清代著名学者阮元的文集,卷次浩繁,随所增补,散佚之文不在少数。中华书局近年来出版的校点本是目前最完备的本子,但也不无遗珠之憾,这里试作补辑,为文史研究者或者将来修订《研经室集》提供参考。     

Hate speech harms: a social justice discussion of disabled Norwegians’ experiences

This article presents findings from a survey on hate speech reported by disabled people in Norway. Previous British and American research shows that disabled people are more likely than their non-disabled peers to be the victims of hate speech and hate crime. In our study, 38% reported at least one experience of hate speech during the previous 12 months. The respondents reported a wide range of consequences of hate speech related to psychological, social and societal issues. The findings reveal that people place restrictions on their own lives as a result of being exposed to hate speech, including raising their opinion in public debates. Drawing on the work of Nancy Fraser, we discuss the mechanisms that prevent disabled people from participating in society on equal terms. We conclude that to combat hate speech, transformative strategies need to be applied.