传播学视阈下的文化媒介的属性（上）

人类文化必定要借助或是通过一定的“物”才能传承给后人。纵观人类文化的传承，无论是作为民间尊老爱幼的习俗文化，还是作为“齐家治国”的儒家文化，或是作为思想解放运动的文艺复兴，还是我国实践是检验真理唯一标准的大讨论，就其物质而言，无一例外地要存在并通过一定的“物”来“彰显于世”，让人们接受和认同。这就是“文化媒介”。     

The Implications of Disability Protests for Social Work Practice

Abstract

This article examines the demands which have been made in the over 800 US protests this author has analyzed. Some demands are cross-disability, meaning they could apply to people with all types of impairments; these include demands for rights and accessibility in all domains. Other demands are disability-specific: they apply to people with specific types of impairments, ranging from mobility impairments to developmental disabilities. Many demands have been related to services, which can be either cross-disability or disability-specific. The paper examines the implications of these demands for social work practice. These include that disability be de-stigmatized by practitioners, that people with disabilities have choices, that they have control over their services, and that all aspects of social work practice be accessible to people with any type of disability.     

Strategies to Foster the Career Development of People with Disabilities

Abstract

This paper addresses career development strategy within the context of social work practice in rehabilitation and disability. The author outlines the career development needs of people with disabilities and identifies contemporary ways of thinking about career development. Four specific career development tactics are discussed involving the provision of vicarious experiences, identification and appreciation of performance accomplishments, verbal persuasion to support appropriate risk-taking, and emotional arousal that facilitates the expression of feelings and the motivation to act. These tactics are promising avenues for strengthening vocational and career self-efficacy with the aim of helping people with disabilities to augment their career maturity and increase their personal flexibility.     

Reaching Out

Abstract

This article describes how a state health authority capitalized on the increased popularity of the Internet among consumers by launching a website devoted to improving communication among persons interested in children with disabilities and their families. The health authority collaborated with a local school of social work to redesign the website using the family-centered paradigm and evaluate its effectiveness. A sample of 51 respondents participated in the web-based survey. The article describes the process and methods of evaluation as well as the results of the survey to enhance feedback for the website's further development. Lessons learned for the design, development, and marketing of future websites are also covered.     

试析美国伊斯兰研究中的“犹太因素”

当今美国的伊斯兰研究界活跃着一些犹太裔学者，他们以自己的观点和主张影响着美国对伊斯兰世界的看法，甚而影响到美国政府针对伊斯兰世界的政策制定。本文选择其中影响最大的几位学者，对其观点与主张加以简要介绍和分析，以求为理解当前西方和伊斯兰世界的关系提供新的视角。     

“天方之学”在中国的学术历程与学术精神——从王岱舆到马坚

介绍和研究被称为“天方之学”的阿拉伯-伊斯兰文化,是我国穆斯林长期传承的重要学术传统。从王岱舆(约1584-1670)到马坚(1906-1978)以来的数百年间,一代又一代的穆斯林学者,在伊斯兰文化研究领域苦苦求索,孜孜不倦,秉承爱国爱教的优良传统,把握时代脉搏,坚持与时俱进,致力于中华多元文化体系中穆斯林民族文化的建设与创新,在构建中国伊斯兰思想体系、推进中华文化与伊斯兰文化之间的相互对话、交流和融合等方面卓有建树,做出了重要奉献。梳理和总结这一传统,对于构建具有中国特色的“伊斯兰学”、“阿拉伯学”学科体系、促进当今世界的文明对话具有重要的现实意义。     

长安学研究述评

新世纪伊始中国学人所倡导的长安学,是对长期以来有关长安文化、长安文明研究的学科概括、定位与升华,其缘起有“陕”、“京”两“源”,并非某一个人的创立、创建.2009年陕西省文史研究馆长安学研究中心的成立及所推出的《长安学丛书》和北京出版的《唐研究》“长安学”研究专号,掀起了长安学研究的高潮.北京的长安学研究扎实、细致,并完全按纯学术的路径一步一个脚印前进,陕西的研究则声势浩大、迅速快捷并具有浓重的组织、行政色彩.2013年,陕西组建了国际长安学研究院,为长安学的未来发展勾画了蓝图,世人乐见其成,应仿效《唐研究》,创办长安学研究专刊,以扩展影响,发现、培养、团结人才,积累学术成果.展望长安学研究,可以说任重而道远.     

如何在社会调查中更好地测量中国人的宗教信仰？

由于西方社会排他性强的聚会性宗教占主导地位,而中国排他性弱的混合宗教更为兴盛,故中国的社会调查运用宗派本位的西方宗教测量工具会遇到遗漏或错分信仰群体等问题。对此,本文从信仰归属、宗教实践、宗教组织成员资格三个维度及这三个维度之间的逻辑关系上提出中西宗教之差别对问卷调查的影响。通过在2014年中国家庭追踪调查中尝试神灵本位的信仰测量方案,以及将其分别与该调查前后两轮追踪调查的问卷设计和数据相比较,本文检验及展现了既有测量工具在采集中国人宗教信仰数据时存在的问题,并提出改进宗教信仰社会测量的建议。     

发展型社会政策视角下的残疾人福利研究

残疾人是社会中的弱势群体。对残疾人的关爱程度体现着一个社会的文明和发展程度。在党和国家领导人的高度重视下,我国残疾人事业取得了较大的发展。但仍滞后于社会经济发展水平,主要体现在福利水平仍局限在保障残疾人最低限度生活的经济救济上,而对促进残疾人发展的教育和就业扶持不够。笔者从发展型社会政策视角出发对残疾人问题进行较为深入的探讨,提出要建立关爱残疾人的长效机制,鼓励投资于残疾人教育和职业培训的社会支持模式,以试图为残疾人社会问题的解决提供一个崭新的思路和途径。     

中国特色农业现代化道路面临的“瓶颈”约束研究

中国特色农业现代化道路面临八大"瓶颈"约束:(1)人口众多与耕地面积锐减的矛盾;(2)农业总产值低与农村劳动力众多的矛盾;(3)大量农业劳动力转移与城市吸纳能力较弱的矛盾;(4)农业劳动力生产率低、土地零碎化严重与农民渴望增收的愿望相矛盾;(5)农村壮劳力的大量转移与农业现代化建设的矛盾;(6)国家粮食安全与农民种粮积极性低的矛盾;(7)粮食供给与需求的矛盾;(8)农业基础设施薄弱与农业战略地位不相称的矛盾.由此提出四大应对措施,即转变思想观念,把农业发展放在国家战略的高度来看待;转变农业发展方式、创新农村土地流转机制;加强农业基础设施建设,提高投入比例;增强农业综合生产能力,提高农业竞争力.