Changes in the Political Iconography of East Central European Capitals after 1989 (Berlin,Warsaw, Prague,Bratislava)

The fall of communism in 1989/1990 has led not only to the establishment of new political systems and ideologies, but also to significant modifications in the visual self-representation of the respective states in Eastern and East Central Europe. Statues of communist heroes were abolished and replaced by monuments and memorials reflecting the new political situation. New state buildings were erected, and the old ones remodelled and adapted to the representational needs of the new authorities. In some cases, the political changes even have had a strong impact on principles of city planning, effecting urban structures of symbolic value.

The focal points of these developments are the capital cities, being principal places of the execution of state power as well as of its self-representation. However, the conditions for the staging of the state in the capital are in each case different. They depend on one hand on the architectural shape and historic role of the city, and on the political situation and self-image of the state on the other.

The article provides a comparative analysis of the changes in the political iconography of four East Central European capitals—Berlin, Warsaw, Prague and Bratislava—since 1989, focusing on selected monuments, architectural projects for state institutions and concepts of town planning.     

东亚生产分工的演进机制研究:以IDP理论为视角

以2002~2012年中国与东亚其他经济体的投资数据为研究样本,实证检验东亚生产分工的决定因素。发现国际生产分工的演进与投资发展周期变动密切相关,为东亚生产分工研究提供了理论和机制方面的直接证据,也为中国和东亚转型经济体在国际生产分工过程中如何更好地发挥投资的作用提供了政策启示。     

全球环境治理中的东亚智慧

环境危机已是关系到整个地球与全人类生死存亡的、迫在眉睫的危机。这场危机可以说是全球性的、人为的、严峻的、系统性的、难以逆转的。全球环境危机急需治理,必须重新发掘东亚智慧,更新发展观念,以新的现代化范式取代传统的现代化范式,走生态现代化与生态文明之路。建构新的东亚智慧,就要超越人类中心主义,超越无止境增长的渴望,超越工具理性与唯科学主义,超越征服自然、战胜自然的渴望,超越贪欲与利润的极端诉求。人类自觉归属自然、保护自然、珍惜自然、敬畏自然,以人文主义、道德修养、宗教信仰来为科学与市场划界立法,以家庭伦理、大地伦理超越把自然"资源"化的工具主义,以道德境界、天地境界超越功利主义与利己主义。遏制消费主义的扩张,提倡过一种简单的、有节制的、合乎自然节律的生活。     

蒙东地区新型城镇化的实践路径

城镇化正在世界兴起。随着我国工业化进程加快,城镇化驶入快车道。2013年底,我国城镇化率为53.7%,内蒙古城镇化率达到58.5%。蒙东地区五个盟市在城镇化进程中,其历史人文沿革、经济社会发展程度、区位状况等与其他地区不同。为此,新型城镇化的实践路径必然带有蒙东地区特点。从蒙东地区城镇化的历史沿革与现状、存在问题与原因分析中,探索蒙东地区新型城镇化的实践路径,实现以人为核心的新型城镇化。     

东方民族传统体育对培养学生健全人格的影响

采用文献研究、经验总结和比较分析等方法,对东方民族传统体育在学生现代化人格培养中的作用进行分析研究后认为:东方民族传统体育蕴含着深刻而丰富的民族传统文化内涵,既有舒缓平和、修身养性、以柔克刚的项目,又有勇猛刚毅、斗智斗谋、竞技技击、防身格斗等内容,阴柔阳刚互补,能够满足现代化人格培养和社会发展多元化的需求,在学校教育、体育和终身体育教育中发挥现代竞技体育所无法替代的作用。     

Episiotomy practice in the Middle East: A Lebanese teaching tertiary care centre experience

Problem

There is lack of data on the rate of episiotomy in Lebanon and the study’s hospital.

Training and organizational commitment: exploring the moderating role of goal orientation in the Lebanese context

In this study, we investigated the impact of organizational training on organizational commitment and whether goal orientation moderates the relationship between training and commitment. The sample consisted of 124 employees from different industries in the country of Lebanon. Multiple regression and hierarchical moderated regression were used to test hypotheses. The results of the analysis showed that training has a significant effect on organizational commitment. Moderation analysis showed that the relationship between training and affective commitment was stronger for individuals who had higher levels of learning goal orientation. Performance goal orientation failed to moderate the relationship between training and affective commitment. Ultimately, this suggests that advanced training offered to individuals with performance goal orientations may not necessarily increase their commitment to their employer, in contrast to individuals with learning goal orientations. Theoretical and management implications in the context of Lebanon are proposed.     

改易天朝体制的初试（下）——义律融调中西的模式及其趋向

天朝体制是中国封建时代特有的对外关系模式,鸦片战争前,英国力图改易之,它开始遭遇了前所未有的挑战。在律劳卑的强横方式受挫之后,义律进行了新的尝试,其职官身份得到了天朝的认可。由于与本国政府的意旨不相柄凿,义律陷入了＂遵此违彼＂的两难之中,刚建立的官方关系中断。为打破僵局,义律更明确地提出融通中外体制的主张,设想了在他看来可以两全的新方案,未被中方接受。广东厉行禁烟之时,义律对方案作了调整,广东当局也有所变通。中英由此实现了＂官方直接通讯＂,而由于鸦片战争的爆发,打断了这一进程。义律对华较为平和,较少强权意识,注定了被免职的结局。但他融调中西的模式及其揭示的趋向,对于探讨文明冲突,提供了可资参考的启示。     

在“文字游戏”停止的地方

郜元宝认为,今天仍然弥漫着鲁迅与之搏斗的各种文字游戏;只有在文字游戏停止的地方,我们才可能与鲁迅真实相遇,才会发现,原来他是怎样的无法绕过。孙郁认为,浙东文化对鲁迅早期思想和精神底色有多方面的辐射,而鲁迅的现代眼光则颠覆了这一传统并赋予浙东文化另一种隐含。刘绪源认为,《两地书》是仅次于《野草》的、最能反映本真的鲁迅的书,那种把对虚无与黑暗的反抗作为生命本体的实践,和察见渊鱼者不祥的自省,是理解鲁迅的一把重要钥匙。袁盛勇认为,鲁迅思想及其话语实践中的正面和负面因素是难以分割地联系在一起的,应采取一种辩证的态度,回到一个复杂而完整的鲁迅那里。张钊贻则认为,鲁迅早期反民主言论有其历史原因,并非反对民主的理念,他对目前的民主制度能否真正实现确有怀疑,根源在于两种现代性的矛盾理念。