东亚发展型体制：逻辑、结构及其限度

发展型体制是以东亚为代表的发展型国家为促进经济增长而形成的一种独特的政治经济结构。从本质上来看,发展型体制是基于政治合法化的逻辑而产生和形成的。在政治合法化逻辑下,发展型体制通过发展经济来提高其有效性,以其有效性来维系和巩固合法性。因此,发展型体制形成了一种有助于经济增长的强国家～弱社会的官僚式威权主义结构,历史经验表明,这种结构对发展型国家取得成功有着不可或缺的作用。但随着发展型国家国内政治经济情况的变化和外部全球化压力,东亚发展型体制面临着民主化和全球化所带来的双重挑战。在此背景下,发展型体制进行转型则是必由之路。     

新兴工业化国家和地区收入分配模式及机理对我国的启示

中国与其他新兴工业化国家和地区的国情与发展道路有着相似之处。这一类型国家及其典型代表在与我国相近发展阶段的收入分配制度形成了具有正反两方面政策启示意义的“东亚”模式和“拉美化”国家模式。应以我国现阶段国情为基础,吸取教训,避免重蹈覆辙,并将各方面经验按内在逻辑形成能产生联动效应的配套措施,坚定信心,继续深化收入分配制度领域的改革。     

“桂林山水甲天下”翻译赏析

＂桂林山水甲天下＂依托＂East or west,home is best!＂的英译文＂East or west,Guilin landscape is best＂得到译学界的普遍赞誉。文章基于话语修辞观和评价系统结合仿拟辞格进行翻译赏析,期望对旅游外宣公示语翻译有所启示。     

Epilogue of empire: East Timor and the Portuguese postcolonial catharsis

The demonstrations of solidarity with East Timor that occurred in Lisbon in September 1999 were the first major political demonstrations since the fall of the dictatorship in 1974. Solidarity with East Timor demonstrated the importance to the Portuguese of emotional and cultural ties to people whom they saw as sharing their language and Catholic religion. These commonalities have a clear colonial history and are now being reconstructed around the idea of Lusophony, which is taken to be the core of a Portuguese postcolonial identity. East Timor, a Portuguese colony that was occupied by Indonesia after the Portuguese revolution of 1974, used diacritical signs such as Portuguese and Catholicism in its nationalist struggle against Indonesia. These signs are the cultural patrimony of a local creole elite and are exaggerated in Portuguese perceptions of East Timor. The colonial and postcolonial ironies of this case of mutual constitution of identity are analyzed.     

Global walls and global movement: new destinations in Jewish migration, 1918–1939

Research often argues or implies that the First World War suddenly discontinued the age of Jewish mass migration and led to increased sedentarism. Indeed, the former main destinations like the USA drastically cut down on the arrival of East European Jews. This did not, however, result in the end of Jewish mass migration. This article will demonstrate that it rather led to manifold attempts to circumvent the newly introduced and increasingly exclusive measures, to a rising complexity of transnational movement patterns, and finally to the emergence of new destinations and Jewish communities all over the globe. This movement, however, was overshadowed and impacted by the almost global rise of xenophobia and fascism. Based on local histories, statistical and legal sources, as well as reports and communications by delegates of Jewish relief organizations, this article presents a social history of the intersection between global Jewish migration and politically motivated migration management. It leaves behind the focus on “departure” and “arrival” in Jewish migration history and elaborates on the relevance and dynamics of transmigration, the dominance of migrant networks and the complex relationship between national policies and migrants' agency.     

The Portuguese as System-builders in the Fifteenth and Sixteenth Centuries: A Case Study on the Role of Technology in the Evolution of the World System

Abstract

World system evolution may be viewed as a cascade of multilevel, nested, self-similar and Darwinian-type processes poised on the boundary between order and chaos that allows for innovation. A framework developed by Devezas-Modelski opens the door to conceptualizing globalization as part of that evolutionary cascade, and as a process of system-building of which the Portuguese enterprises of the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries provide an illuminating case. Analysis is focused on two components of that cascade: the Portuguese long cycle, and the two (economic) K-waves and their related innovations. In this period preceding the Industrial Revolution, innovations focused on navigation and shipbuilding and formed the technical support for such activities. Quantitative analysis of empirical evidence on Portuguese expeditions and naval-military campaigns, the global network of bases, and of scarce data on the gold and pepper trades in this period supports the notion of long cycles and K-waves as system-building, and the more general conception of globalization as an evolutionary learning process.     

Is program structure related to stigma and community acceptance of justice-involved adolescents?

Objective

The aim of the study is to examine the impact of diversion program characteristics on social stigma of delinquent adolescents in Jordan.

Method

A street survey of adults was conducted in Amman, Jordan. Respondents were randomly assigned to read one of four vignettes involving a delinquent adolescent who participated successfully in one of four types of juvenile justice interventions: detention center placement; diversion with counseling; diversion with counseling plus victim apology and restitution; and diversion with counseling plus family-based apology and restitution. Respondents reported their willingness to accept the adolescent as a member of their child's school, as a friend of their child, as a spouse for their child, and as a future employee. Seventy seven percent of adults approached participated (N = 137).

Results

Respondents reported greater willingness to accept the adolescent when he participated in any of the three diversion programs compared to the detention center condition (β = .80, p < .05). However, there were no differences among the diversion program types (i.e., counseling only, counseling plus individual restorative justice, counseling plus tribal restorative justice) in acceptance levels. Regardless of intervention type, the perception that the adolescent had ‘learned his lesson’ was associated with greater acceptance and with heightened expectations of future success.

Conclusion

Intervention characteristics can influence public stigma in the Middle East. For justice involved youths, interventions that increase perceptions that youth have learned their lesson is a crucial ingredient to stigma reduction efforts. Social work interventions with delinquent adolescents and their families need to incorporate stigma management strategies that convey lesson-learning as a key intervention outcome.     

能源安全视角下的印度“东向”外交

本文从能源安全视角解读印度“东向”外交的动力和目标。本文运用国际政治经济学方法研究后发现,印度政府、国家能源公司等行为主体在“东向”外交区域综合运用多种手段和政策工具获取能源利益,能源安全维度已经构成“东向”外交的重要目标,而且随着印度国内能源供需赤字的扩大,能源安全维度的权重逐渐上升。从能源安全视角研究“东向”外交,可以对印度在海外实现能源安全的路径和规律有一个初步认知,即遵循政治外交与能源合作相互推进和借重的基本逻辑,以及国家在保障能源安全中扮演重要角色的经济现实主义规律。     

俄罗斯提速远东开发战略探析

2012年亚太经合组织峰会于9月8日在远东城市符拉迪沃斯托克（海参崴）举行,这是俄罗斯首次承办该峰会,选在符拉迪沃斯托克举行会议就是要告诉世界俄开发远东的决心。以此为契机,俄开发远东全面加速。俄罗斯远东和西伯利亚虽然资源丰富,却是俄经济发展最落后的地区,与此同时,整个亚太地区的经济发展速度非常强劲。怎样提速远东的发展就成为俄罗斯实现整个国家复兴、实现与亚太地区战略对接的一个关键性问题。     

Changes of Electoral Politics under the Growing Wealth Gap in East Asia since the Global Financial Crisis: South Korea and China’s Taiwan in Comparison

Abstract

The economic recession caused by the global financial crisis of 2008 affected political change across the world in different ways. Economic and social problems turned into political crises in North Africa. In Europe and America, dissatisfaction over such problems caused social unrest but did not imperil the political order. In East Asia, where competitive party politics have just emerged, the financial crisis sparked a correlative political and economic reaction model involving economic recession—growing wealth gap—public policy transition in electoral politics. Major electoral campaigns over the past five years in China’s Taiwan, the Republic of Korea and other economies in East Asia indicate that prioritizing economic growth and equitable distribution are emerging to be common core issues in different parties’ electoral competition despite remnant historical questions and highly politicized issues. The new electoral politics based on public policy competition has gained greater space for development against the background of an economic recession and a growing wealth gap, and is exerting a profound influence on the political and economic development process in East Asia.